荧光示踪法研究逆行岛状皮瓣静脉回流

目的探讨采用荧光示踪法研究逆行岛状皮瓣静脉回流的可行性，并初步观察静脉回流规律。方法20只新西兰大白兔，每只取耳静脉血0．ImL，分离RBC并用FITC标记。流式细胞仪检测已标记的RBC阳性率及荧光强度，倒置荧光显微镜观察其形态。取20只新西兰大白兔，在动物双侧后肢内侧分别建立4cm×3cm隐动、静脉逆行岛状皮瓣模型（n=10）和顺行岛状皮瓣模型（n=10），血管蒂长3cm。将一侧后肢随机设定为实验组，皮瓣制备后注射已标记的RBC悬液5pL；对侧为对照组，不注射示踪剂。实验组按顺行和逆行皮瓣分成两组，即顺行皮瓣组和逆行皮瓣组，每组10个；再根据注入示踪剂途径不同，分为动脉和静脉2个亚组，每亚组5个皮瓣。注射示踪剂5S后取下皮瓣立即冷冻，取连续的3张冰冻切片（5～7pm），其中2张行HE染色和GENMED染色，另]张不染色直接压片，荧光显微镜观察荧光分布。结果流式细胞仪分析FITC标记的RBC阳性率在99％以上，荧光强度均≥10。；倒置荧光显微镜下标记的RBC呈均匀分布的绿色荧光，荧光强度均匀、稳定。冰冻切片显示实验组皮瓣蒂部均出现荧光，对照组未见荧光。顺行岛状皮瓣组荧光主要分布在静脉腔、静脉壁、动脉内膜和外膜；逆行岛状皮瓣组荧光分布在动脉内膜、外膜和静脉壁。结论荧光示踪剂可用于静脉回流研究，顺行岛状皮瓣静脉主要通过静脉腔、静脉壁、动脉内膜和外膜回流；逆行岛状皮瓣静脉主要通过动脉内膜、外膜和静脉壁的“迷宫式途径”回流。     

Quantification of nuclear cardiac images: The Yale approach

Conclusion  Quantification of nuclear cardiac images provides a secondary support in reading myocardial perfusion images and improves the reproducibility in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The technology for the remote Web reading of nuclear cardiac images and the quantitative data allows for an easy and secured access to patient studies without the limitations of time and space. The recent increasing interests and applications in molecular targeted imaging have opened a new field in nuclear cardiology, and absolute image quantification of the focal tracer uptake in the myocardium is exceedingly critical for the quantitative analysis of molecular targeted images.     

MR显微成像检测活体阿尔茨海默病转基因小鼠老年斑沉积的效果

目的利用MR显微成像技术研究阿尔茨海默病转基因小鼠老年斑的沉积情况。方法2只17个月龄阿尔茨海默病转基因[V717I]小鼠和2只野生型小鼠，行活体T2WI，然后对照影像定位结果进行组织学切片及免疫组织化学染色。观察T2WI中老年斑的沉积情况以及其与免疫组织化学染色结果的对应关系。结果转基因小鼠T2WI上显示大脑皮层和海马区可见点状低信号，且部分低信号可以和组织学切片所显示的老年斑相对应；野生型小鼠T2WI未见明显的低信号，免疫组织化学染色也未见到染色阳性的斑块。结论MR显微成像技术检测老年斑的沉积是可行的，且可用来特异性地诊断阿尔茨海默病。     

Ruptured pediatric posterior cerebral artery aneurysm 9 years after the onset of Kawasaki disease: a case report

CASE REPORT: A 12-year-old boy who had a history of Kawasaki disease 9 years ago experienced a subarachnoid hemorrhage by ruptured right posterior cerebral artery aneurysm. On day 1 operation, as the aneurysm was very fragile and bled easily, two intraoperative ruptures, including a very premature rupture, were encountered. As a result, a left hemiparesis especially severe in the left hand was caused by the right anterior thalamic infarction due to the occlusion of a thalamo-perforating artery arising near the neck of the aneurysm. DISCUSSION: The histopathological examination of the intraoperative excised aneurysmal dome disclosed the thickening of the endothelial inner due to the endothelial hypertrophy and the invasion of inflammatory cells. This finding of the aneurysm was partially mimicking the finding of the coronary artery of the patients with Kawasaki disease. The combination of cerebral aneurysm and Kawasaki disease has never been reported until now, and the etiology of the aneurysm of this patient is unclear.     

Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Recognized by Antibodies during Incipient, Subclinical Tuberculosis

Serum samples obtained from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected tuberculosis (TB) patients months prior to clinical TB were used to delineate the profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture filtrate proteins recognized during subclinical TB. A subset of ~12 antigens was recognized by antibodies in these serum samples. Antibodies to two of these antigens (81 [88]-kDa malate synthase [GlcB] and MPT51) were present in serum samples obtained during incipient subclinical TB in 19 (~90%) of the 21 HIV-infected TB patients tested. These antigens will be useful for devising diagnostic tests that can identify HIV-positive individuals who are at a high risk for developing clinical TB.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bcl11b</Emphasis>mutations identified in murine lymphomas increase the proliferation rate of hematopoietic progenitor cells

Background  

The telomeric region of mouse chromosome 12 has previously shown frequent allelic loss in murine lymphoma. The Bcl11b gene has been identified and suggested as a candidate tumor suppressor gene within this region. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether Bcl11b is mutated in lymphomas with allelic loss, and whether the mutations we detected conferred any effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis.     

Anti-inflammatory effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: potential benefits for the prevention of atrial fibrillation: reply

We thank Drs Liu and Li for their interest in our randomizedtrial investigating the anti-arrhythmic effect of perindopriland losartan in the setting of lone paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF). While agreeing on modification of atrial remodelling asthe     

Anatomical Course of the Superficial Branch of the Radial Nerve and Clinical Significance for Surgical Approaches in the Distal Forearm

Abstract 10 embalmed cadaver forearms and wrists were dissected to determine the anatomical course of the superficial branch of the radial nerve in the distal forearm. The superficial radial nerve bifurcated in two branches at a mean of 54,7 mm proximal to the radial styloid. From the styloid process of the radius, the mean distance to the closest dorsal branch of the superficial radial nerve was 3,5 mm and the mean distance to the closest volar branch was 9,8 mm. The mean distance between the closest branch of the superficial radial nerve and Lister?s tubercle was 16,4 mm. The crossing point between the nerve and the cephalic vein was located at a mean of 54,3 mm proximal to the styloid process. At the level of styloid process the mean distance between the closest dorsal branch of the superficial radial nerve and the first dorsal compartment was 15,2 mm and between the closest volar branch and the first dorsal compartment 4,4 mm. Detailed knowledge of anatomic characteristics of the superficial branch of the radial nerve may help prevent injury during operations and treat traumatic lesions of the nerve. Because of great variations in the course of the superficial radial nerve we could not define an absolute safe zone for surgical procedures on the distal forearm. Iatrogenic lesions of the superficial radial nerve are described complications of percutaneous procedures. Therefore open surgical approaches are recommended. Daniela Klitscher and Lars Peter Müller contributed equally to this work.