癌症患者肺部感染清开灵雾化吸入治疗效果研究

目的研究癌症住院患者发生肺部感染状况,以及清开灵雾化吸入对癌症患者肺部感染的治疗效果。方法选择2012年11月-2015年11月900例癌症患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各450例,调查两组患者肺部感染率;对两组发生肺部感染患者均给予常规抗菌药物治疗,观察组患者在常规抗菌药物治疗的基础上加清开灵雾化吸入;记录两组患者治疗前及治疗后2、7、15、30d咳嗽、咳痰临床指标,所有数据采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果患者发生肺部感染率观察组为5.56%,对照组为10.22%,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后两组患者咳嗽、咳痰均有所减轻,观察组患者改善更为明显,两组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);肺部感染患者治疗30d后有效率观察组为96.00%、对照组为86.96%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论住院癌症患者给予清开灵雾化吸入给药,可以有效地降低癌症患者肺部感染的发生率,对发生肺部感染患者的控制作用良好。     

探析药品注册管理课堂教学内容与方法有机融合

目的：以人民卫生出版社出版的《药事管理学》6版教材为蓝本，以本科阶段教学效果提高为指标，探讨改进课堂教学的方法。方法：以"药品注册管理"一章教学内容为例，筛选、调整和优化教学方法。结果：教学过程中，按照教学内容特点选择适宜教学方法，确定"教学方法与内容相融合"的课堂教学模式，在完成教学大纲基础上，适当增加执业药师及药学时事相关内容。结论：根据现代学生获取知识途径，充分利用高新技术背景下"智慧教室"资源，采取传统与现代教学方法相结合的教学模式，使课堂理论教学相关内容在以教材内容为主的前提下与国家当前药事时事相关联，可以增加学生课堂学习兴趣、培养自主学习习惯，从而提高教师教学能力和教学质量，实现培养具备专业知识、技能和法律、道德素养的药学应用型综合人才的预期目标。     

The effects and acceptability of different exercise modes on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis

Introduction:Exercise has been believed to have positive effects on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, few medical evidences have been found to ascertain which type of exercise has the best effect on blood glucose control in diabetes and which type of exercise is more acceptable. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects and acceptability of different exercise modes on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients by using systematic review and network meta-analysis.Methods and analysis:Relevant randomized controlled trial studies will be searched from PubMed, EMbase, CochraneCENTRAL, CNKI, VIP, and Chinese medical paper libraries. Primary outcome indicators: glycosylated hemoglobin and dropout rate of the research (number of dropouts/numbers of initially enrolled subjects). Secondary outcome measures: fasting blood glucose, body weight, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), diastolic pressure, systolic pressure (SBP). Two reviewers are arranged to screen Title, Abstract, and then review full text to further extract data. Standard meta-analysis and network meta-analysis of the data are performed afterward. Methodological quality assessment is planned to be conducted using Cochrane risk of bias tool. The outcome will be analyzed statistically according to Bayesian analysis methods. After that, subgroup analysis is conducted on the duration of intervention, whether there is supervision of intervention, frequency of intervention per week, age, gender, and medication use.Trial registration number:PROSPERO CRD42020175181Discussion:The systematic review and network meta-analysis include evidence of the impact of different exercise modes on blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are 2 innovative points in this study. One is to conduct a classified study on exercise in as much detail as possible, and the other is to study the acceptability of different exercise modes. The network meta-analysis will reduce the uncertainty of intervention and enable clinicians, sports practitioners, and patients to choose more effective and suitable exercise methods.Ethics and dissemination:The findings of the study will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences and symposia. Further, no ethical approval is required in this study.     

旋转地质导向技术在钻探哈得油田薄砂层油藏中的应用

塔里木哈得油田多采用双台阶水平井钻井,主要难题为常规钻井技术井眼轨迹控制难,储层钻遇率低,钻井周期长。1m厚薄砂层油藏未能实现有效开发,东河砂岩水窜严重,油水分布混乱,影响后期开发效果。针对以上难题,在哈得油田钻井中引进旋转地质导向技术,与常规技术相比应用效果良好,平均储层钻遇率由55.43%提高至87.84%,平均单井日产量提高1倍,单井水平段节约钻井工期15d,成功地解决了薄油层钻井储层钻遇率低、钻井施工进度慢等难题。     

腹主动脉联合门静脉快速灌注法在器官捐献供体肝肾联合获取中的应用

目的总结腹主动脉联合门静脉快速灌注法在器官捐献供体肝肾联合获取中的可行性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2011年9月至2014年6月在佛山市第一人民医院完成的43例中国心脏死亡供体器官捐献肝肾联合获取的临床资料。43例供体中,中国心脏死亡供体分类一类(脑死亡供体)(C-Ⅰ类)15例,中国二类(心脏死亡供体)(C-Ⅱ类)1例,中国三类(脑-心双死亡捐献供体)(C-Ⅲ类)27例。器官灌注采用腹主动脉、门静脉快速插管联合灌注法。结果开腹至腹主动脉插管时间约1.5~2.0 min,43例供体共获得肝脏43个,肾脏86个。C-Ⅰ类供体热缺血时间全部为0,其余供体热缺血时间范围为3~21 min,平均10 min。2例供肝分别因肝门部严重损伤和重度脂肪肝弃用,18例供肾分别因肾结石、肾萎缩、术前血清肌酐水平较高、肾动脉粥样硬化严重、肾微小血管血栓、多发肾囊肿、外伤性肾破裂等原因弃用,供体器官总弃用率为16%。结论腹主动脉联合门静脉快速灌注法是器官捐献供体肝肾联合获取的简单、安全的方法。     

心源性休克的临床治疗

目的探讨心源性休克的临床治疗方案。方法选取2013年9月~2014年5月在我院进行治疗的55例心源性休克患者的临床资料进行分析。结果 55例心源性休克患者,治愈34例,好转8例,死亡13例,治愈率为61.8%,死亡率为23.4%。结论心源性休克病死率高,起因多而复杂,应进行早期诊断、正确实施抢救治疗。     

Towards offline PET monitoring of proton therapy at MedAustron

The characteristic depth-dose profile of protons traveling through material is the main advantage of proton therapy over conventional radiotherapy with photons or electrons. However, uncertainties regarding the range of the protons in human tissue prevent to exploit the full potential of proton therapy. Therefore, a non-invasive in-vivo dose monitoring is desired. At the ion beam center MedAustron in Wiener Neustadt/Austria, patient treatment with proton beams started in December 2016. A PET/CT is available in close vicinity of the treatment rooms, exclusively dedicated to offline PET monitoring directly after the therapeutic irradiation. Preparations for a patient study include workflow tests under realistic clinical conditions using two different phantoms, irradiated with protons prior to the scan in the PET/CT. GATE simulations of the C-11 production are used as basis for the prediction of the PET measurement. We present results from the workflow tests in comparison with simulation results, and by this, we demonstrate the applicability of the PET monitoring at the MedAustron facility.