胸膜腔造影和注射粘连剂对难治性气胸的诊治

目的：为更清晰地显示顽固性气胸的漏气部位和性质，为不能耐受手术者摸索一种新的治疗手段。方法：选择１８例患者，先用７６％泛影葡胺行胸膜腔造影，而后在局部注入少量粘连剂。结果：造影后发现多发性肺大泡８例，单发性肺大泡６例，肺大泡伴粘连带４例。病变分别位于左上肺，右上肺，中下肺野及叶间裂。注射粘连剂后，１５例一次成功，３例第二次成功。随防６～１８个月，未见复发。结论：该方法易掌握，无明显副作用。病变显示明显，易被患者接受，具有明显的临床效果和推广价值     

试论医院药师的业务标准

作者依据医药卫生事业发展对药学人员的要求，在调查了80家综合医院药师工作现状的基础上，提出了药师在调剂、制剂、药品检验、药学科研、药品储存供应、药学综合知识与技能6个方面应具备的业务标准，为我国实行医院药师资格准入控制提供参考。     

表皮生长因子对牛眼小梁细胞c—fos基因表达的诱导

目的研究表皮生长因子（ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＥＧＦ）对小梁细胞的作用。方法应用分子杂交技术研究ＥＧＦ对体外培养的牛眼小梁细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达的诱导和３Ｈ胸腺核苷酸（３Ｈ－ｔｈｙｍｉｄｉｎｅｉｎｃｏｒｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ，３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ）掺入法观察细胞ＤＮＡ的合成。结果小梁细胞的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率随着ＥＧＦ浓度不同而变化，浓度为２０～１５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ时，细胞掺入率随浓度增加升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。与对照组相比，ＥＧＦ刺激停止生长的小梁细胞０．５小时后，ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因开始表达，１小时后达高峰，至２小时后消失。不同浓度ＥＧＦ刺激小梁细胞１小时后，ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达呈浓度依赖性。结论实验结果表明ＥＧＦ刺激小梁细胞增殖或进入生长状态，可能与ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因产物的信号传递作用有关。     

粉防己碱对野百合碱致大鼠肺动脉构形重建的逆转作用

以野百合碱复制Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠肺动脉高压模型，用特殊染色方法观察粉防已碱对野百合碱致大鼠肺动脉构形重建的逆转作用，结果表明粉防已碱可选择性的降低野百合碱诱导的大鼠肺动脉高压的作用，并明显地逆转肺血管及肺组织损伤，降低肺动脉高压和右心室肥大，对体循环压力无影响     

Formation of mitochondrial phospholipid adducts by nephrotoxic cysteine conjugate metabolites.

Nephrotoxic cysteine conjugates derived from a variety of halogenated alkenes are enzymatically activated via the beta-lyase pathway to yield reactive sulfur-containing metabolites which bind covalently to cellular macromolecules. Mitochondria contain beta-lyase enzymes and are primary targets for binding and toxicity. Previously, mitochondrial protein and/or DNA have been considered as molecular targets for cysteine conjugate metabolite binding. We now report that metabolites of nephrotoxic cysteine conjugates form covalent adducts with rat kidney mitochondrial phospholipids. Rat kidney mitochondria were incubated with the 35S-labeled conjugates S-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (TFEC), S-(2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (CTFC), S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine, and S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachlorobutadienyl)-L-cysteine. Quantitation of metabolite binding to whole mitochondria and to mitochondrial protein and lipid fractions revealed that as much as 42% of the 35S-label associated with the mitochondria was found in the lipid fraction. Total lipids were also extracted from 35S-treated mitochondria and separated by thin-layer chromatography. 35S-Containing metabolites were found in the lipid fractions from mitochondria treated with each of the conjugates. Lipids from both [35S]CTFC- and [35S]-TFEC-treated mitochondria contained major 35S-labeled lipid adducts which had similar mobility by thin-layer chromatography. Fatty acid analysis, 19F and 31P NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometric analyses confirmed that the major TFEC and CTFC adducts are thioamides of phosphatidylethanolamine.     

Effect of maternal and infant covariates on sibship correlation in birth weight

Birth weight on 12,644 singleton infants from 6,196 sibships born in Maryland between 1980 and 1984 were used to estimate the effects of nine maternal and infant covariates on the sibship correlation in birth weight. Assuming a homogeneous correlation across all families, the estimated intraclass correlation was 0.4664 (+/- 0.0099). This high sibship correlation makes it possible to predict, with reasonable accuracy, the birth weight of a child given information on previous sibs, as well as covariates on the mother and/or infant pertinent to a given pregnancy. The reduction in variance associated with incorporating information on the nine covariates used here was approximately equal to that obtained by conditioning on a single previous sib. Testing for heterogeneity in correlation among different groups of families showed that a crude measure of parity (first live birth vs. other), time between births, mother's marital status, and maternal age at the birth of the last child significantly influenced the sibship correlation in birth weight.     

人体蠕形螨的生物学研究

用透明胶带法观察蠕形螨在人体面部的寄生、逸出及其在体外的存活能力。结果表明：毛囊蠕形螨（Ｄｅｍｏｄ－ｅｘｆｏｌｉｃｕｌｏｒｕｍ，Ｄ．ｆ．）主要以颚体朝向毛囊底部寄生，且常常有多条群居现象，而皮脂蠕形螨，（Ｄｅｍｏｄｅｘｂｒｅｖｉｓ，Ｄ．ｂ．）一般为单条独居生活。两种人体蠕形螨昼夜均可主动爬出毛囊口出现在皮肤表面，Ｄ．ｆ．以白天１０００～１８００为逸出高峰；Ｄ．ｂ．则以夜间２２００～２００逸出最多。此外，蠕形螨在体外有较强的活动力和存活力。透明胶带法在人体蠕形螨的流行病学调查和生物学研究方面具有较高的应用价值     

DNA-Methylierung von monohalogenierten Methanen in F-344 Ratten

Monohalogenated methanes (methyl chloride, methyl bromide and methyl iodide) are mutagenic and carcinogenic. The possible mechanism of these effects, DNA methylation, was studied. DNA adducts from orgnas of F344 rats exposed to these chemicals were separated and identified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gaschro-matography/massspectrometry (GC/ MS). DNA adducts, 7-methylguanine (7-MeG) and O⁶-Methylguanine(0⁸-MeG), incorporation of¹⁴C into de novo synthesis of nucleobases could be observed in enzymatic DNA hydrolysates by HPLC and determination of the radioactivity in the fractions. The formation of DNA add,ue,ts in the studied organs was only quantitatively different. The formation of O⁶-MeG was further pioved by analysing the acidic hydrolysates using HPLC with non-radioactive O⁶MeG as internal standard. 7-MeG and 3-MeA were identified with GC/MS analysis.     

创伤性膈疝21例临床分析

我院自１９８９年３月至１９９５年１０月手术治疗２１例创伤性膈疝，２１例疝愈。 发病机理与胸腹腔压力差、腹腔脏器冲击膈肌及胸腔负压有关。同时简要介绍了创伤性膈疝的诊断和治疗。     

整体护理模式病房建设计算机管理系统的应用及效能

阐述了整体护理模式病房建设计算机管理系统的应用及效能：①促进了整体护理工作的开展。②高效率地体现了护理程序的全程。③使各种护理文件及护理表格达到清晰、美观、格式规范。④有利于科研、教学工作的完善。⑤推动了护理学科计算机技术的应用