造血干细胞移植后并发口腔粘膜炎患者的观察与护理

目的:通过对25例造血干细胞移植(HSCT)病人口腔粘膜的观察和护理,找出粘膜炎(OM)发生、发展的规律,总结有效的护理方法.方法:对移植前后的病人进行相应的口腔护理,同时观察口腔粘膜的变化情况,并将上述观察结果和护理情况进行记录.结果:25例病人中口腔粘膜炎发生率为72%,发生部位最多见于颊部和舌部,发生时间、持续时间和OM的严重程度有关,发生越早,持续时间越长,OM程度越重.结论:通过及时的观察以及细心的口腔护理,能有效降低OM的发生率,缩短愈合时间,减少病人痛苦,提高干细胞移植成功率.     

Veganism does not reduce the risk of the metabolic syndrome in a Taiwanese cohort

The purpose of the present study was to assess the risk of the metabolic syndrome (MS) with vegan, pescovegetarian, lactovegetarian and nonvegetarian diets in Taiwan. The design was a retrospective cohort study using secondary data analysis from a Taiwan longitudinal health check-up database provided by MJ Health Screening Center during 1996-2006. A total of 93209 participants were classified as vegans (n=1116), pescovegetarians (n=2461), lactovegetarians (n=4313) and nonvegetarians (n=85319) by food frequency list of self-administered questionnaire at baseline. The association between MS or MS components and different dietary groups was evaluated using Cox proportional-hazards regression models with adjustment for confounders. During the mean 3.75 years of follow up, a total 8006 MS incident cases occurred and the incidence of MS was 229 (95% CI, 224, 234) per 10000 person year. Compared with vegans, hazard ratios of MS for nonvegetarians, pescovegetarians, lactovegetarians were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.64, 0.88), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.55, 0.83) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.67, 0.97) after adjusting for sex, age, education status, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity at work and leisure, respectively. As for MS components, nonvegetarians and pescovegetarians had 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62, 0.84), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.57, 0.84) times risk of developing low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), while nonvegetarians had 1.16 (95% CI, 1.02, 1.32) times risk of developing high fasting plasma glucose. Our data suggest that the vegan diets did not decrease the risk of metabolic syndrome compared with pescovegetarian, lactovegetarian and nonvegetarian diets in a Taiwanese cohort.     

Enhancing the potential production of bioethanol with bamboo by γ-valerolactone/water pretreatment

In this study, the effect of the γ-valerolactone (GVL)/H₂O pretreatment system on bamboo (Neosinocalamus affinis) for enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation was investigated. The performance characterization of the pretreated bamboo substrates, including the chemical composition, the structural characteristics, and the ability to produce bioethanol, were evaluated. The recovered substrates were enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h and then fermented to bioethanol. For the cellulose in the raw bamboo material, the highest cellulose-to-glucose conversion yield (CGCY) was achieved at 140 °C for 2 h with GVL : H₂O = 8 : 2, which was 73.39%, and the cellulose-to-ethanol conversion yield (CECY) was 67.00%. This indicated that 183.5 kg of bioethanol could be produced per ton of bamboo, which was 9.71-folds higher than that directly converted from the untreated raw bamboo powder. Under these conditions, 50.60% of the active lignin can be recovered and be used as a wood-derived feedstock for further high-valued utilization. Meanwhile, the maximum concentration of fermentation inhibitors formed after pretreatment was about 140.9 mmol L⁻¹, and had weak inhibition to the subsequent reaction. It has been shown that the cellulose could be effectively separated from bamboo and converted into bioethanol through the GVL/H₂O pretreatment system.

In this study, the potential production of bamboo by the GVL/H₂O system for ethanol production was investigated.     

The characteristics and prognostic significance of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies: A systematic review

Background:The SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene resulting from chromosomal del(9)(q34.11q34.13) or t(9;9) (q34;q34) has been found in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myeloid sarcoma (MS). Furthermore, the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene has been found in the T-ALL cell line LOUCY and the AML line MEGAL. The common features of these cases are insensitivity to chemotherapy and poor prognosis. We reviewed the characteristics and prognostic significance of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies.Methods:This systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. With the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we summarized all of the papers and performed a statistical analyses.Results:In general, the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene is very rare in adult acute leukemia, more frequently found in T-ALL than in other types of leukemia, and more often in males. Flow cytometry data indicated that the markers CD34, CD33, CD13, and CD7 were common in SET-CAN/NUP214 positive acute leukemia, including ALL. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and arrays are important methods for detecting the fusion gene in newly diagnosed patients and can detect chromosomal del(9)(q34) will be detected. The chromosomal karyotype may be normal or complex, and, in terms of survival analysis, transplantation results in a better prognosis than chemotherapy alone.Conclusions and implications of key findings:The presence of SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene may be a Minimal Residual Disease of early recurrence, and it might be a poor indicator of outcome.Limitations:The mechanism, clinical characteristics, therapy and prognosis of the SET-CAN/NUP214 fusion gene in hematological malignancies require further research.     

Fabrication and Investigation of PE-SiO2@PZS Composite Separator for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Commercial polyolefin separators exhibit problems including shrinkage under high temperatures and poor electrolyte wettability and uptake, resulting in low ionic conductivity and safety problems. In this work, core–shell silica-polyphosphazene nanoparticles (SiO₂@PZS) with different PZS layer thicknesses were synthesized and coated onto both sides of polyethylene (PE) microporous membranes to prepare composite membranes. Compared to pure silica-coated membranes and PE membranes, the PE-SiO₂@PZS composite membrane had higher ionic conductivity. With the increase in the SiO₂@PZS shell thickness, the electrolyte uptake, ionic conductivity and discharge capacity gradually increased. The discharge capacity of the PE-SiO₂@PZS composite membrane at 8 C rate was 129 mAh/g, which was higher than the values of 107 mAh/g for the PE-SiO₂ composite membrane and 104 mAh/g for the PE membrane.     

1983—1985年重庆地区胆石症病因调查

调查了胆石症病人561人,其中女性占75.9%,女性比男性发病早5年,为预防胆石症,我们必须在饮食中适当增加猪油,植物油,牛奶和新鲜蔬菜。胆石症病人均经B超和其他检查所证明,随着人民生活水平提高,我国的胆石症已由过去的泥沙样结石变为胆固醇结石为主     

血清前清蛋白与总胆汁酸用于肝功能诊断试验的比较

为评价检测血清前清蛋白（ＰＡ）代替血清总胆汁酸（ＴＢＡ）作为肝功能检测的可行性，对１５６份标本（４３例正常人及５９例肝炎、３７例肝硬化、１７例肝癌患者）血清进行ＰＡ与ＴＢＡ的检测比较，结果显示两种方法的相符率为７７．５６％，而且两种方法的敏感性、特异性、准确率均无显著差异，但综合评价检测ＰＡ的可用度明显优于检测ＴＢＡ（Ｐ＜０．０５），而且检测方法简便、价格便宜、试剂来源方便且不需复杂的设备。     

孕酮对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后脑水肿的影响

目的观察孕酮对脑缺血后脑水肿的影响,并从孕酮对血-脑屏障通透性的影响和抗氧自由基两方面进一步探讨其可能的作用机制。方法雄性SD大鼠72只随机分为假手术组、I／R组、孕酮组。进行脑组织含水量测定,伊文思蓝渗透法血-脑屏障通透性定量分析,电镜下血-脑屏障超微结构形态学观察,脑组织SOD活性和MDA含量测定。结果孕酮能明显减轻脑水肿,降低血-脑屏障通透性,抑制SOD活性的降低和MDA含量的增高。结论孕酮抑制氧自由基的损害,降低血-脑屏障通透性,减轻脑缺血后脑水肿。     

墓头回对小白鼠S_(180)(腹水型)生长影响的初步观察

为观察甘肃庆阳所产墓头回对 S_(180)生长的作用,我们选用了73只雄性小鼠随机分为三组:第一组(接种瘤细胞前后给墓头回乙醇提取物);第二组(接种后给药)和第三组(生理盐水对照)。结果显示给墓头回的两组对 S_(180)生长有明显抑制作用,其腹水量和腹水内瘤细胞数明显少于对照组,而死瘤细胞数多于对照组。第一组作用较第二组更为明显。