中国居民代谢综合征与脑卒中的相关性研究

目的探讨中国居民代谢综合征与脑卒中的关系。方法数据来源于2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查,选择15岁以上人群48633例,其中男性23080例,女性25553例。代谢综合征的定义参考中华医学会糖尿病分会2004年建议的标准。结果单因素logistic回归分析表明,代谢综合征与脑卒中呈正相关,OR值为5.998(95%CI4.799~7.496),多因素分析调整年龄、性别、6类地区、教育程度、中重度体力活动时间、吸烟、饮酒后代谢综合征与脑卒中仍具有统计学相关性,OR值为3.114(95%CI2.432~3.987)。代谢综合征的所有组分中,高血压与脑卒中的相关性最强,且随着代谢综合征组分在个体聚集越多(趋势性检验P<0.0001),患脑卒中的可能性越大。结论中国居民代谢综合征与脑卒中的患病有关。     

脊柱结核的影像学诊断及临床病理分析

研究脊柱结核的影像学诊断价值,并探讨各型脊柱结核的临床病理特点.对156例经临床及病理证实且影像学资料完整的脊柱结核进行回顾性分析,比较其X线(或CR)、CT及MRI的影像学特点及符合率.结果显示①X线(或CR)、CT及MRI对脊柱结核诊断符合率分别为90.5%、96.2%及99.5%.②X线(或CR)、CT及MRI对椎体骨质破坏、椎间隙狭窄的敏感性分别为74.5%、89.9%及96.87%.③对椎旁软组织肿块和腰大肌脓肿、附件破坏及骨性椎管受累的显示,CT优于X线(和CR)片;对早期病变的显示及脊髓受累情况,MRI优于X线(或CR)及CT,有显著差异性(P＜0.01).④对死骨及钙化的显示CT优于X线(或CR)及MRI.认为X线(或CR)检查为诊断脊柱结核的基本方法,但对早期病变的显示有限度;CT显示早期微小的骨质破坏、死骨、脓肿、钙化及脓肿对椎管脊髓压迫明显优于X线;MRI可清晰显示硬膜外脓肿及脊柱后突畸形对脊髓的压迫和脊髓变性情况,尤其是对早期病变的诊断,有较高的敏感性和特异性,但对死骨及钙化不敏感.     

联合激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

目的：探讨联合激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。

方法：收集2015-08/2017-10在我院就诊的原发性闭角型青光眼患者82例82眼,随机分为单纯激光组(33例,采用Nd：YAG激光周边虹膜切除术)和联合激光组(49例,采用532半导体激光联合Nd：YAG激光周边虹膜切除术)。记录两组患者眼压、激光能量、虹膜出血情况。

结果：单纯激光组患者术后眼压升高较联合激光组明显,术后1h,1d,1wk两组患者眼压差异明显(均P<0.01); 术后1mo两组患者眼压基本恢复至术前水平。单纯激光组患者术中1次透切成功率明显低于联合激光组(73% vs 100%,P<0.05),且术中使用Nd：YAG激光总能量明显高于联合激光组(40.16±13.43mJ vs 23.23±6.70mJ,P<0.05)。两组患者术中虹膜出血率无明显差异(33% vs 26%, P>0.05)。

结论：532半导体激光联合Nd：YAG激光行周边虹膜切除术1次透切率高,尤其对于无虹膜隐窝的患者,可明显降低激光操作难度,减少激光能量,减轻前房炎症反应。     

The disease characteristics of patients both with IgA nephropathy and diabetes mellitus

Objective To sum up and analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics in patients with both IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 500 patients were recruited, including 25 patients with both IgAN and diabetes mellitus, and 475 patients with IgAN only, who were diagnosed by renal-biopsy during Jan 2015 to Jan 2017 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The clinical and pathological data were collected and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Propensity Score Matching was used to match and select the patients in the both groups, and thereafter the depth of the basement membrane from the matched patients were compared using electron microscopy. The data of the patients whose follow-up time was ≥3 months were retrospectively collected, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the difference of the prognosis. Results Compared to the patients with IgAN only, patients with both IgAN and diabetes mellitus were older [(46.36±13.49) years vs (34.00±13.80) years, P＜0.001], had higher level of serum triglyceride [2.06(1.52, 3.11) mmol/L vs 1.51(1.01, 2.25) mmol/L, P=0.012] and thicker basement membrane [(384.33±61.20) nm vs (346.72±52.65) nm, P=0.044]. The patients with both IgAN and diabetes mellitus were more prone to reach the composite endpoint [4/7(57.14%) vs 25/265(9.33%), P＜0.001] and had worse prognosis (Log-Rank test, P=0.004). Conclusions IgAN patients with diabetes mellitus have different clinical, pathological characteristics and prognosis from patients with IgAN alone. These patients need to be closely monitored and actively treated.     

Multimodal investigation of dopamine D2/D3 receptors,default mode network suppression,and cognitive control in cocaine-use disorder

Stimulant-use disorders have been associated with lower availability of dopamine type-2 receptors (D2R) and greater availability of type-3 receptors (D3R). Links between D2R levels, cognitive performance, and suppression of the default mode network (DMN) during executive functioning have been observed in healthy and addicted populations; however, there is limited evidence regarding a potential role of elevated D3R in influencing cognitive control processes in groups with and without addictions. Sixteen individuals with cocaine-use disorder (CUD) and 16 healthy comparison (HC) participants completed [¹¹C]-(+)-PHNO PET imaging of D2R and D3R availability and fMRI during a Stroop task of cognitive control. Independent component analysis was performed on fMRI data to assess DMN suppression during Stroop performance. In HC individuals, lower D2R-related binding in the dorsal putamen was associated with improved task performance and greater DMN suppression. By comparison, in individuals with CUD, greater D3R-related binding in the substantia nigra was associated with improved performance and greater DMN suppression. Exploratory moderated-mediation analyses indicated that DMN suppression was associated with Stroop performance indirectly through D2R in HC and D3R in CUD participants, and these indirect effects were different between groups. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of a dissociative and potentially beneficial role of elevated D3R availability in executive functioning in cocaine-use disorder.Subject terms: Addiction, Cognitive control     

A meta-analysis of the secondary fractures for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty

To identify the risk factors of the secondary fractures for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP).We conducted a search of relevant articles using Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Embase, the Web of Science and other databases. The time range we retrieved from establishment of the electronic database to November 2017. Gray studies were found in the references of included literature reports. STATA version 11.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas) was used to analyze the pooled data.Fourteen studies involving 1910 patients, 395 of whom had fracture secondary to the surgery were included in this meta-analysis. The result of meta-analyses showed the risk factors of the secondary fractures for OVCFs after PVP was related to bone mineral density (BMD) [95%CI (−0.650, −0.164), SMD=−0.407, P=.001], cement leakage ((RR=0.596, 95%CI (0.444,0.798), P = .001)), and kyphosis after primary operation ((SMD=0.741, 95%CI (0.449,1.032), P = .000)), but not to gender, age, body mass index, cement volume, thoracolumbar spine, and cement injection approaches.Bone mineral density, cement leakage, and kyphosis after primary operation are the risk factors closely correlative to the secondary fracture after PVP. There have not been enough evidences to support the association between the secondary fracture and gender, age, body mass index, cement volume, thoracolumbar spine, and cement injection approaches.     

后腹腔镜肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤切除术围手术期护理

目的探讨提高嗜铬细胞瘤患者围手术期治疗效果的护理配合。方法回顾性分析42例肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤病例围手术期的护理配合方法与措施。结果经过正确的治疗和充分的围手术期护理,42例患者治疗过程顺利,均未发生并发症,治愈出院。结论充分做好手术前、手术中、手术后护理,是提高手术治疗成功率的关键。     

Enhanced immune response to foot-and-mouth disease vaccine by oral administration of ginseng stem-leaf saponins

Vaccination is an important approach to the control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). This study evaluated the effect of oral administration of ginseng stem–leaf saponins (GSLS) on the immune response to FMD vaccine and the gut mucosal immunity in mice. In experiment 1, mice were orally administered GSLS or not treated as a control. The animals were then immunized twice with FMD vaccine. Blood was sampled weekly within five weeks after the boost immunization for measurement of serum IgG and the isotypes. In experiment 2, mice were orally administrated GSLS or not treated as a control. After that, splenocytes were prepared from sacrificed mice for lymphocyte proliferation assay and intestinal tissues were sampled for immunohistochemistry and histological examination. The results showed that oral administration of GSLS significantly enhanced serum IgG and the isotype responses to FMD vaccine as well as the number of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and immunoglobulin A (IgA)+?cells. Therefore, GSLS may be a potent oral adjuvant and deserve further study to improve vaccination in susceptible animals.     

基于海量视频存储技术的超声动态影像工作站系统

针对当前超声影像面临的问题及制约因素，详细介绍了基于海量存储技术的超声影像工作站系统构成及特点，并全面分析了该新型工作站系统的主要功能和应用效果。