铁路乘客乘车期间健康教育需求调查

目的调查铁路旅客乘车期间对健康教育的需求情况，为开展以列车为场所的健康教育可行性提供依据。方法选取3种车型6组列车。按照系统抽样原则，根据车厢编号随机抽取3～4节车厢，对乘客进行问卷调查，调查结果进行统计分析。结果收回有效调查问卷2204份，选择乘车期间有必要进行健康教育的为91．06％，教育需求列前3位依次是“与乘车相关的健康知识”91．42％，“预防传染病的知识”90．81％，“食品卫生与营养知识”88．96％。选择健康教育方式：51．66％的乘客选择“提供学习、宣传资料”，47．91％选择列车上广播。不同车次间乘客对健康教育内容需求差异无显著性。结论乘客对列车上开展健康教育需求很高，健康教育内容集中在与乘车相关健康知识和传染病的预防知识上，分别达到90％以上。健康教育的方式以提供学习资料和列车广播宣传为主。     

胆汁胆固醇对胆囊收缩素受体表达的影响

目的：探讨胆汁胆固醇对胆囊收缩素受体（CCK－R）表达的影响。方法 采用放射免疫分析法和受体放射配基结合法检测对照组、高胆固醇组、自然恢复组及治疗组豚鼠门静脉血CCK水平、胆囊CCK－R的最大结合容量（Bmax）和亲和力（Kd），同时观察空腹胆囊体积（FV）、胆囊胆汁量（FB）和餐后胆囊体积（RV）、胆囊胆汁量（RB）及胆囊收缩率（E％）、胆汁胆固醇浓度的变化。结果 与对照组比较，高胆固醇组豚鼠FV、FB增大（P＜0.05），RV、RB也增大，胆囊收缩率下降（P＜0.01），胆汁胆固醇浓度升高（P＜0.05），门静脉血CCK水平及CCK－R的Kd无改变，而CCK－R的Bmax下降（P＜0.01）；治疗组上述各项指标正常。结论 胆汁中的高胆固醇通过下调胆囊CCK－R表达而导致胆囊收缩功能障碍，降低胆汁高胆固醇浓度可以促进胆囊动力功能的恢复。     

无痛麻醉在拔牙术中的临床应用

目的：评价无痛麻醉技术的临床麻醉效果，寻求一种更有利于手术进行的局麻技术。方法：选择120例就诊于齿槽外科门诊需要拔牙的患者，将其随机分为对照组和实验组，每组60例。对照组施常规局麻，实施组施无痛麻醉技术，观察每组麻醉结束、术中及术后的血压、心率变化。结果：对照组与实验组对比，术中、术后观测指标的变化无显著性差异，麻醉结束后的观测指标15以下者无显著性差异，15岁以上者有显著性差异。结论：无痛麻醉技术与常规的局麻技术一样可以达到麻醉的目的，无痛麻醉可减少麻醉注射中因疼痛所引起的血压、心率的变化。     

高频超声在小儿腹股沟斜疝手术治疗中的价值

目的　探讨高频超声检测小儿腹股沟斜疝腹股沟管扩张程度对于选择手术方式的价值。　方法　回顾分析 4 88例施行单纯疝囊高位结扎手术的小儿腹股沟斜疝超声检测的腹股沟管扩张最大内径 ,分组追踪其术后斜疝复发率。　结果　腹股沟管扩张最大内径 >1.5 cm的一组病例术后复发率明显增高。　结论　高频超声检测腹股沟管扩张最大内径 >1.5 cm的小儿腹股沟斜疝有必要行斜疝修补术 ,减少复发率 ,为临床医师提供有价值的客观指标     

流式细胞术检测非小细胞肺癌患者骨髓微转移

目的　应用流式细胞术检测非小细胞肺癌患者骨髓中的微转移。方法　骨髓经Ficoll梯度离心分离单核细胞后,用细胞角蛋白 19(Cytokeratin, CK19)单克隆抗体染色,应用流式细胞仪检测。结果　检测了 96例肺癌患者骨髓,发现 25例患者骨髓中有微转移。20例肺良性病变患者、10例正常人骨髓均无微转移。肺癌患者阳性率与患者病理分期、分化程度和细胞组织学类型密切相关 (P<0. 05)。结论　应用流式细胞术检测非小细胞肺癌患者骨髓中的微转移,有助于肺癌的综合治疗。     

Breast Volume Measurement in Young Chinese Women and Clinical Applications

The authors carried out research on breast volume and body surface anatomy of 125 women. As a result, an average breast volume for Chinese women was obtained (325.36 ± 12.66 ml), and a table with several linear equations for calculating breast volume was derived. The authors applied these results to their clinical work and succeeded in making mammaplasty more precise in 178 patients.     

Dopa-responsive parkinsonism secondary to right temporal lobe haemorrahage.

A 46-year-old man developed a symmetrical parkinsonian syndrome 7 weeks after large right temporal intracerebral haemorrhage resulting from a ruptured arteriovenous malformation. His signs included bradykinesia, rigidity, start hesitation, and poor postural reflexes, without a resting tremor. He also had signs of a Parinaud's syndrome. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated changes in the right temporal lobe associated with the haemorrhage but no abnormality of the basal ganglia or midbrain. Levodopa therapy produced a dramatic improvement within a few days of commencement. We postulate that the parkinsonism resulted from midbrain compression secondary to transtentorial herniation. Although parkinsonism is a rare complication of lobar intracerebral haemorrhage, it is important to recognise as it may be potentially treatable.     

某职业学院大学新生的心理问题与分析

目的 了解某职业学院大学一年级新生的心理问题并进行有效的调适。方法 采用精神卫生调查表(CES—D)对广东科学技术职业学院2002级2000名专科第一学期新生进行调查，共发放问卷2000份，收回1988份，问卷收回率99．4％，有效问卷1984份，有效率99．7％。结果 在1984名大学新生中有599人存在程度不同的心理问题，占被告调查人数的30．19％。结论 大学新生的心理问题普遍，大学教育工作者应该对大学新生进行有针对性的心理干预和调适，提高大学新生的心理素质，以利于他们的健康成长。     

Tonsil cryptolysis usingCO2 Swiftlase

Treatment for inflammation of the tonsils has taken a variety of therapeutic forms over the years, ranging from the application of iodine and massage in the preantibiotic era to the tonsillectomy, which prevails today. The architecture of the cryptic tonsil, its clinical implications, and the rationale for a conservative, yet effective treatment modality focusing on the tonsillar crypts are addressed in this article. Also described are the procedures and results of a retrospective clinical study in which conventional tonsillectomy was compared with CO₂ SwiftLase cryptolysis. Although our observations are not based on a prospective, controlled study, the information disseminated here may be useful to otolaryngologists who routinely perform tonsillectomy in their practice, using conventional surgical dissection methods or the CO₂ laser. According to our experience with a population of 120 patients, cryptolysis offers some clear advantages, particularly when performed with the SwiftLase apparatus. The procedure can be performed safely in an ambulatory surgery or office setting under local anesthesia. The cooperative patient avoids the cost and risks of general anesthesia. Limited tissue destruction significantly reduces operative and postoperative complications, discomfort, and recovery time. To conclude, CO₂ SwiftLase cryptolysis is a safe and cost-effective method of treating tonsil pathology without unnecessary sacrifice of the organ, and undue risks and expenses to the patient.^11,12     

Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered sodium dichloroacetate in rabbits

ＰｈａｒｍａｃｏｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｓｏｆｉｎｔｒａｖｅｎｏｕｓｌｙａｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｅｒｅｄｓｏｄｉｕｍｄｉｃｈｌｏｒｏａｃｅｔａｔｅｉｎｒａｂｂｉｔｓＧｕＢｉｎ（顾斌）；ＳｏｎｇＬｉｎｇ（宋岭）；ＪｉａｎｇＹｏｎｇｐｅｉ（蒋永培）；ＷｅｎＡｉｄｏｎｇ（文...