新生鼠股骨破骨细胞存在位置的确定及其噬骨能力验证

目的:确定新生鼠体内破骨细胞的存在位置,观察分离纯化后的破骨细胞形态结构,并检测其噬骨能力。方法:实验于2006-07/11在沈阳医学院中心实验室完成。①市售新鲜成年牛股骨皮质,临用前锯成1cm宽条,磨片机磨成厚50μm的1cm×1cm骨片,乙醇浸泡,晾干,紫外线照射消毒骨片的两面,放于DMEM培养基中4℃备用。②选取新生大鼠10只,处死取其后肢股骨,于中间位置截成两段,多聚甲醛固定,甲苯胺蓝染色确定体内破骨细胞的存在位置,并进行形态结构观察。③另选取新生大鼠6只,处死取其四肢长骨,刮取骨髓腔内及干骺端表面直至骨干成为极微小的碎片,机械分离破骨细胞,胰蛋白酶 乙二胺四乙酸联合消化。④吉姆莎染色观察细胞形态结构,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色检测破骨细胞酶活性,扫描电镜观察破骨细胞形态结构,通过破骨细胞在骨片上的陷凹情况验证噬骨能力。结果:①鼠后肢股骨行甲苯胺兰染色,大量破骨细胞位于靠近干骺端骨小粱的骨陷凹中,核呈深蓝色,核大且多。②分离培养的破骨细胞数量较少,体积大,胞浆丰满,细胞突起延展,细胞核呈圆形或椭圆形,积聚在细胞中央或排列在细胞周边。胰蛋白酶 乙二胺四乙酸联合消化后可使混杂的单核基质细胞脱落,培养皿上大部分为多核巨细胞,破骨细胞纯化率达80%。③抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色后的破骨细胞呈阳性表达,胞质内酶活性部位为红橙色。④成熟破骨细胞体积大,细胞突起延展,细胞周围出现伪足。破骨细胞在牛皮质骨片上培养时产生骨陷凹,吸收陷窝大部分呈梅花瓣形或腊肠形。结论:新生鼠体内破骨细胞多位于靠近干骺端骨小粱的骨陷凹中,具有噬骨能力,可使牛皮质骨片产生骨陷凹。为体外分析破骨细胞生物特性、骨吸收功能及骨组织工程应用提供丰富的细胞来源。     

Radioprotective activity of Gentiana lutea extract and mangiferin

Radioprotective/sensitizing actions of Gentiana lutea aqueous-ethanol extract and mangiferin on radiation-induced effects on different types of cells were investigated. The study focused on the decreasing survival of normal human immunocompetent cells, the survival of the malignant cells in vitro, and the survival of ex vivo irradiated cells before and after consumption of the extract by healthy volunteers. The in vitro experiments showed that mangiferin could inhibit cytotoxic action of ionizing irradiation (doses of 6 and 8 Gy) only on normal resting human PBMC, not stimulated for proliferation. Orally consumed G. lutea extract showed the potential to reduce the cytotoxic effect of x-ray irradiation on normal human immunocompetent cells PBMC of some healthy people, without changing the susceptibility of malignant cells to be destroyed by irradiation. Since the radioprotective effect was individually dependent, further clinical studies are needed.     

Development of human peripheral hearing revealed by brainstem auditory evoked potentials

Development of human peripheral hearing from birth to 6 years was investigated by recording brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs). The threshold of BAEPs decreased rapidly during the first 3 months after birth (2.7dB/week during the neonatal period, 2.6dB/month at 1-3 months), after which further decrease occurred more slowly but continued through 1 year of age (0.26 dB/month at 3-12 months). A few days after birth, the threshold was 18 dB higher compared to the adults, and progressively decreased to 10, 5 and 2 dB at 1, 3 and 12 months, respectively. The latencies of waves I and V decreased as a function of age at a rate of 0.01 and 0.05 ms/week during the neonatal period, 0.02 and 0.10ms/month at 1-3 months and 0.014 and 0.076 ms/month at 3-12 months, respectively. Adult latency value was attained by 2 and 4 years for waves I and V, respectively. These findings suggest that although the ear is reported to be almost adult-like at birth, the immaturity in neural functional properties limits auditory sensitivity during early childhood. It appears that human peripheral hearing threshold decreases rapidly through the third postnatal month and thereafter continues to improve slowly through early childhood. It is postulated that the first 3 months after birth are likely to be a critical period in postnatal development of human peripheral hearing.     

Radioimmunoimaging of venous thrombi using iodine-131 monoclonal antibody

Murine monoclonal antibody (Mab) specific for the NH2-terminal region of human fibrin, but not cross-reactive with fibrinogen, was used in radioimmuno-imaging of fresh, induced venous thrombi in three dogs. Iodine-131-labeled Mab was injected intravenously, with iodine 125-labeled polyclonal murine gamma-G globulin (IgG) simultaneously injected as a control. Images were strongly positive at 24 and 48 hours in all three animals, with thrombus-to-blood and thrombus-to-muscle ratios of 8.4 and 228.0, respectively, for I-131-labeled Mab; these ratios for control IgG were 1.2 and 13.0. Radioimmunodetection of thrombi in vivo is feasible in dogs and may have clinical application since Mab is specific to human fibrin.     

瑞格列奈治疗 2型糖尿病 68例疗效观察

目的 :观察瑞格列奈降低 2型糖尿病人的空腹血糖 ,餐后 2h血糖的作用。方法 :2型糖尿病人 68例 ,随机分为治疗组 3 4例 (男 1 8,女 1 6)及对照组 3 4例 (男 1 7,女 1 7)。采用瑞格列奈 0 .5mgpotid× 4周。结果 :能有效降低 2型糖尿病人的空腹血糖 ,餐后 2h血糖的作用。有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,尚能降低糖化血红蛋白 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :瑞格列奈能有效降低 2型糖尿病人的空腹血糖 ,餐后 2h血糖 ,降低血脂及糖化血红蛋白 ,且无明显副作用。     

幽门螺杆菌与胃食管反流病

胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux diseaase,GERD)是胃、十二指肠内容物反流入食管引起的胸骨后烧灼感、疼痛等症状及组织损害,常伴食管炎,是一种常见的胃肠动力障碍性疾病,在上消化道疾病中占较大比例。迄今其病因、发病机制尚未完全明确。研究证实,幽门螺杆菌(Helicohacterpylori,Hp)是慢性胃炎、胃十二指肠溃疡的主要致病因子,且与胃癌、胃粘膜相关淋巴组织(mucosaassotiated lymphoid tissue, MALT)淋巴瘤密切相关,但Hp与GERD的关系尚存在较大争议。现就Hp与GERD的关系作一综述。     

缩血管活性因子内皮素在缺血性心脏病中的作用及中医药干预效应

目的:总结内皮素在缺血性心脏病中的病理生理意义。方法:应用计算机检索维普、万方和中文生物医学期刊(光盘)数据库2000-01/2006-12相关缺血性心脏病及内皮素方面的文献,检索词“缺血性心脏病,内皮素”,限定文献语言种类为中文。同时计算机检索Medline数据库2000-01/2006-12相关缺血性心脏病及内皮素方面的文献,检索词“ischemic heart disease,endothelin”,限定文献语言种类为English。对资料进行初审,选取包括缺血性心脏病及内皮素方面的文献,开始查找全文。纳入标准:内皮素在缺血性心脏病中的作用及中医药的干预效应。排除标准:内皮素在其他疾病中的作用。结果:共检索到200余篇关于缺血性心脏病及内皮素方面的文献,最终纳入29篇符合标准的文献。内皮素是极强的缩血管活性因子,在缺血性心脏病中具有重要的病理生理意义,中医药从缺血性心脏病的发病机制及病理环节着手,进行干预,大量研究资料表明,中医药在保护内皮细胞功能、治疗缺血性心脏病方面疗效肯定,在目前寻找和研究新型有效的内皮素受体拮抗剂具有广阔的发展前景。结论:内皮素在心血管疾病中具有重要意义,但其治疗缺血性心脏病保护内皮功能的具体机制还有待进一步探讨。     

Humoral immunoreactivity to gliadin and to tissue transglutaminase is present in some patients with multiple myeloma

Background

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal B-cell disorder with many immunological disturbances. The aim of this work was to assess whether some of food antigens contribute to the imbalance of immune response by screening the sera of MM patients for their immunoreactivity to food constituent gliadin, to tissue transglutaminase-2 (tTG-2) and to Ro/SSA antigen. Sera from 61 patients with MM in various stages of disease, before, or after some cycles of conventional therapy were analyzed by commercial Binding Site ELISA tests. The control group consisted of 50 healthy volunteers. Statistical analysis of data obtained was performed by Mann Whitney Test.

Results

The higher serum IgA immunoreactivity to gliadin was found in 14/56 patients and in one of control people. The enhanced serum IgG immunoreactivity to gliadin was found in only two of tested patients and in two controls. The enhanced IgA immunoreactivity to tTG-2 was found in 10/49 patients' sera, while 4/45 patients had higher serum IgG immunoreactivity. The enhanced serum IgG immunoreactivity to RoSSÀ antigen was found in 9/47 analyzed MM patients' sera. Statistical analysis of data obtained revealed that only the levels of anti-tTG-2 IgA immunoreactivity in patients with MM were significantly higher than these obtained in healthy controls (P < 0.02)

Conclusion

Data obtained showed the existence of the enhanced serum immunoreactivity to gliadin, tTG-2 and Ro/SSA antigens in some patients with MM. These at least partially could contribute to the immunological imbalance frequently found in this disease.