Rib-vertebral angle asymmetry in idiopathic, neuromuscular and experimentally induced scoliosis

The concave and convex rib-vertebral angle (RVA) at levels T2–T12 was measured on AP radiographs of 19 patients with right convex idiopathic thoracic scoliosis and 10 patients with major thoracic right convex neuromuscular scoliosis. The difference between the angles on the concave and the convex sides, the RVAD, was calculated. The RVAs were also measured on radiographs from three animal groups in which spinal curves had been induced experimentally in a variety of ways. Group 1 comprised 16 rabbits that had been subjected to selective electrostimulation of the latissimus dorsi, the erector spinae and the intercostal muscles. Group 2 comprised four dead rabbits whose spines had been subjected to manual bending. Group 3 comprised eight rabbits that had undergone mechanical elongation of one rib. In both the idiopathic and the neuromuscular group, the convex RVA was smaller than the concave RVA between levels T2 and T8, with a maximal difference between T4 to T5. From T9 to T12 the concave RVA was smaller than the convex. The RVA in relation to the scoliotic segment, i.e. the apex level of the curve and the two neighbouring vertebrae above and below this level, showed similar results. With increasing Cobb angle the RVADs increased linearly with the greatest difference at the second vertebra above the apex. In the three experimental groups the pattern of the RVADs between T6 to T12 was basically similar to the findings of the clinical study. From the results of these clinical and experimental studies, it is concluded that the typical pattern of the RVAs on the concave and convex sides seems to be independent of the underlying cause of the spinal curvature. It is likely that the RVADs result from a passive mechanical adaptation of the ribs to the lateral curvature of the spine.     

Experimental studies on preventive effects of API0134 on vessel reocclusion after thrombolysis

Summary 24 model rabbits with femoral arterial thrombosis were divided into two grocps: the treatment group consisting of 12 rabbits which received API₀₁₃₄. and the control group composed of another 12 rabbits. 2 hours after recanalization by urokinase thrombolysis, reocilusion occurred only in 1/12 vessel (8%) with incomplete occlusion in the treated group, but in 8/12 (67%) with complete occlusion in the control group as assessed by angiograsphy. Pathological examination of specimen taken 24 hours after thrombolysis showed that 6/12 (50%) of the treated group gave the evidence of thrombus occlusion, and milder intimai injury and less adhered blood cells than in the control group, 83% of which had thrombus occlusion. In comparision with the control group, the function of platelet in the treated group demonstrated lower platelet aggregation rate (PAgR) and plasma thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂) level, higher prostacyclin (PGI₂) and plasminogen activator (PA) activity as well as lower plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity. From the above it may be concluded that the preventive effect of API₀₁₃₄ on reocclusion might be due to inhibition of platelets aggregation and promotion of fibrinolysis.     

健侧颈7移位治疗臂丛神经根性撕脱伤最佳时间选择的实验研究

健侧颈７移位治疗臂丛神经根性撕脱伤手术分第一阶段（健侧颈７移位到移植神经），第二阶段（移植神经另一端移植修复患侧神经），二次手术间隔多少时间才能获得最好的神经再生？选用ＳＤ大鼠及健侧颈７移位的实验模型，按二次手术间隔时间的不同（０、１、２、３、４、８、１６周）分成７组，在第二次术后１２周，进行电生理测定肌张力恢复率及组织切片的形态学观察，结果证实二次手术最佳间隔时间为４～８周．此结果可提供临床参考．     

气相色谱用于肠通透性监测的研究

作者采用国产气相色谱及９２０２微机数据处理系统，对临床患者和实验动物肠通透性改变进行监测。该方法以甘露醇（Ｍ）和乳果糖（Ｌ）为探针，用气相色谱检测尿中糖分泌率及Ｌ／Ｍ比值。结果显示，测定标准品Ｍ和Ｌ随进样量增加而呈线性改变，与国外学者报道一致。比较不同浓度进口与国产乳果糖，证明二者在研究肠通透性方面高度相关（ｒ＝０．９９）。检测急性胰腺炎并发感染动物的尿标本，发现乳果糖大量排出，Ｌ／Ｍ值明显增加。作者认为，气相色谱为一行之有效的方法用于肠通透性监测，有助于临床上对内源性感染及脓毒症的早期诊断。     

腹部CTA检查的质量保证

目的:探讨螺旋CT血管造影(Spiral CT angiography,SCTA)技术,以期提高SCTA造影的质量。材料与方法:采用Somatom Plus 4螺旋CT扫描系统对10例病人行腹部SCTA检查。扫描技术和造影剂参数按病变范围和性质而定,三维重建采用最大强度投影法(MIP)或表面阴影显示法(SSD)或弯曲平面重建法(CPR)。结果:SCTA检查技术能可靠地显示血管形态和病变,评价腹部肿瘤与邻近血管关系。结论:SCTA是无创伤性的血管成像术,在很大范围可替代创伤性的血管造影。     

四肢带表浅静脉干的局部皮瓣在创伤修复中的应用

设计4种带表浅静脉干的局部皮瓣用于修复四肢创面14例,获得了满意的效果。该皮瓣所包含的一条浅静脉干,不仅有利于静脉回流,且其血流对皮瓣亦有营养作用。因此,该皮瓣容易成活,长宽比值可大于传统任意型皮瓣。并具有操作简便,不损伤主要动脉等优点。文中介绍了皮瓣的设计及手术方法,并对该皮瓣的血液循环特点、适应证及供区选择等进行了讨论。     

过敏性紫癜的心肌损害

目的观察儿童过敏性紫癜并心肌损害的发生率及临床特点。方法回顾性分析93例过敏性紫癜患儿并心肌损害的临床资料，对其发生率、临床表现及其他系统损害的关系和预后进行分析。结果497例过敏性紫癜患者中有93例（18．71％）有心肌受损，主要表现为心肌酶学异常和（或）心电图异常。所有病例应用肾上腺皮质激素治疗后均治愈。结论过敏性紫癜合并心肌损害是临床较常见的表现，早期识别并及时应用激素治疗及对症处理可避免严重并发症的发生，提高治疗效果。     

应用低严格度—单引物聚合酶链反应对问号钩体中国参考株的…

Ｇ１、Ｇ２引物是对问号钩体具有特异性引物。分别用Ｇ１或Ｇ２单引物对问号钩体中国参考株进行前４个低严格度循环的ＰＣＲ扩增，扩增带谱显示赖型、犬型、致热型、秋季型、澳洲型、临海型、乌尔夫型、溶血型为一类，而爪哇型、拜伦型、波摩那型、七日热型、巴叶赞型塔拉索夫型、曼耗Ⅱ型是不与以上赖型等血清型本为一类，双曲钩体ａｔｏｃ型及伊利尼细丝体伊利尼型的扩增带谱与问号钩体截然不同。应用苯酚法提取的高纯度钩体ＤＮＡ     

PCR微板杂交检测生殖器疱疹病毒感染

以 PCR扩增生殖器疱疹病毒 DNA,然后用特异性 DNA探针微孔板检测疱疹病毒扩增产物 ,同时用普通 PCR检测同样的标本。结果 4 3例病例组中 ,PCR微板杂交 35 (83% )例阳性 ,8例 (17% )阴性 ;普通 PCR37(86 % )例阳性 ,6 (14 % )例阴性 ,二者无显著性差异 ;对照组 PCR微板杂交 19例 2例阳性 ,17例阴性。同时 ,普通 PCR则有 5例阳性 ,14例阴性。PCR微板杂交具有快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、抗污染能力强的优点 ,适用于检测可疑 HSV感染 ,具有临床使用价值     

Genome-wide scan identified QTLs underlying femoral neck cross-sectional geometry that are novel studied risk factors of osteoporosis.

A genome-wide screen was conducted using a large white sample to identify QTLs for FNCS geometry. We found significant linkage of FNCS parameters to 20q12 and Xq25, plus significant epistatic interactions and sex-specific QTLs influencing FNCS geometry variation. INTRODUCTION: Bone geometry, a highly heritable trait, is a critical component of bone strength that significantly determines osteoporotic fracture risk. Specifically, femoral neck cross-sectional (FNCS) geometry is significantly associated with hip fracture risk as well as genetic factors. However, genetic research in this respect is still in its infancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To identify the underlying genomic regions influencing FNCS variables, we performed a remarkably large-scale whole genome linkage scan involving 3998 individuals from 434 pedigrees for four FNCS geometry parameters, namely buckling ratio (BR), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), and section modulus (Z). The major statistical approach adopted is the variance component method implemented in SOLAR. RESULTS: Significant linkage evidence (threshold LOD = 3.72 after correction for tests of multiple phenotypes) was found in the regions of 20q12 and Xq25 for CT (LOD = 4.28 and 3.90, respectively). We also identified eight suggestive linkage signals (threshold LOD = 2.31 after correction for multiple tests) for the respective geometry traits. The above findings were supported by principal component linkage analysis. Of them, 20q12 was of particular interest because it was linked to multiple FNCS geometry traits and significantly interacted with five other genomic loci to influence CSA variation. The effects of 20q12 on FNCS geometry were present in both male and female subgroups. Subgroup analysis also revealed the presence of sex-specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FNCS traits in the regions such as 2p14, 3q26, 7q21 and 15q21. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings laid a foundation for further replication and fine-mapping studies as well as for positional and functional candidate gene studies, aiming at eventually finding the causal genetic variants and hidden mechanisms concerning FNCS geometry variation and the associated hip fractures.