成人下凳骨第三磨牙阻生关系的研究

目的 观测成人下颌骨第三磨牙的阻生关系。方法 根据吴氏《人类骨骼测量方法》中规定的年龄估计及性别鉴定的标准,观测成人颌骨的形态结构。结果 302个下颌骨标本的观察结果为,男女混合阻生率为10.60％,女性阻生率高于男性,肉眼见无第三磨牙萌出者106例,经X线拍片验证,5例有埋没牙存在,故实际第三睡缺如率为33.44%。从测量数据可见阻生组（无第三磨牙组）的第二磨牙后间隙、下颌斜长、下颌体长及髁突间宽均较正常组小。结论 无第三磨牙可能是人类进化过程中,下颌骨与牙齿均衡退化的结果,而阻生是人类进化从有第三磨牙向第三磨牙演化的过渡阶段。     

颈上交感神经节和单涎酸神经节苷脂联合移植抗帕金森病的实验研究

目的：观察颈上交感神经节（SCG）和单涎酸神经节苷酯（GM1）联合植入帕金森病（PD）大鼠脑内的抗PD效果及移植物的存活情况。方法：将用酶消化法制成的同种大鼠SCG细胞悬液和GM1立体定向植入PD大鼠损毁侧尾壳核内,比较单纯细胞移植组,联合移植组,上清液组和非移植组间及移植前,后诱发旋转行为的变化,移植6个月后移植区行组织学检查（HE,TH染色）。结果：两个实验组中的PD大鼠移植后的旋转行为较移植前和对照组明显改善,其中尤以联合移植组的旋转行为减少最为明显,而两个对照组的改善不明显,脑切片组织学观察可见实验组移植区内有存活良好的TH阳性细胞,联合移植组中的阳性细胞数目明显多于单纯细胞移植组。结论：1．GM1可提高SCG细胞在受体脑内的存活率,2．同种成年大鼠SCG细胞植入PD大鼠脑内可以存活,并可纠正PD大鼠的异常旋转行为。     

Clinical observation on effect of shuanghuang shengbai granule on chemotherapy induced myelpsuppression in tumor patients and on ultrastructure of bone marrow in mice

To observe the leucocyte increasing effect of Shuanghuang Shengbai Granule (SHSBG) in tumor patients treated by chemotherapy and the bone marrow microenvironment protecting effect in mice.

Methods  

Patients of non-small-cell pulmonary, mammary, gastric or intestinal cancer, who were ready for receiving re-treatment of chemotherapy, were enrolled and divided into 4 groups randomly. The 28 cases in SHSBG group A received chemotherapy combined with SHSBG; the 27 in the SHSBG group B received chemotherapy alone at first, and SHSBG was added when their peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count lowered to <4×10⁹/L; the 33 in control group A and 24 in control group B were treated by the method similar to that applied to SHSBG group A and B respectively but with Rubidate instead of SHSBG. Experimental study of electron microscopic observation on bone marrow ultrastructure in mice was also conducted.     

Outcomes and factors associated with early mortality in pediatric postcardiotomy veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Mortality and morbidity of children received veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) support after cardiac surgery remain high despite remarkable advances in medical management and devices. The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes and risk factors of applying VA‐ECMO in the surgical pediatric population. We retrospectively analyzed 85 consecutive pediatric patients (aged <18 years) who received postcardiotomy VA‐ECMO from January 2010 to December 2018. Median (IQR) age at ECMO implantation in this cohort was 12.7 (6.4, 43.2) months, median weight was 8.5 (6.0, 12.8) kg, mean ECMO duration was 143.2 ± 81.6 hours and mean hospital length of stay was 48.4 ± 32.4 days. Seventy‐five patients (88.2%) were indicated for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock. The successful ECMO weaning rate was 70.6% and in‐hospital mortality was 52.9%. The most common diagnosis was transposition of great arteries (n = 18, 21.2%), while acute kidney injury occurred most often (n = 64, 75.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, and nosocomial infection were positively correlated with in‐hospital mortality. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis presented that thrombocytopenia significantly increased the 180‐day mortality in patients with successful weaning. Therefore, multiple factors had adverse effects on prognosis. Patient selection and procedures from ECMO implantation to weaning need to be closely monitored and performed in a timely manner to improve outcome.     

Off-clamp Retroperitoneoscopic Tumour Evacuation for Sporadic Renal Angiomyolipomas with High RENAL Nephrometry Scores: A Novel Surgical Technique and Its Outcomes

BackgroundPartial nephrectomy or angioembolisation is commonly used for sporadic renal angiomyolipomas (RAMLs) with high RENAL scores, but there is a risk of reduced renal function, postoperative complications, and recurrence.ObjectiveTo describe a new technique for off-clamp laparoscopic evacuation of sporadic RAMLs with high RENAL scores that promotes maximal renal function maintenance and low postoperative complication and lesion recurrence rates.Design, setting, and participantsA retrospective cohort of patients undergoing off-clamp laparoscopic evacuation for sporadic RAMLs with RENAL scores ≥9 from January 2013 to June 2018 was included.Surgical procedureWe highlighted the curettage, suction, packing, and binding (CSPB) technique, a new off-clamp retroperitoneoscopic evacuation technique for sporadic RAMLs.MeasurementsDemographics, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative outcomes were assessed.Results and limitationsA total of 141 cases were included. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) tumour size was 7 (6.2–8.2) cm. The median (IQR) RENAL score was 10 (9–11). The median (IQR) operative time was 80 (65–125) min, with a median (IQR) estimated blood loss of 130 (90–362.5) ml. Conversion to neither open surgery nor standard laparoscopy occurred. The warm ischaemia time was zero for all cases. Postoperatively, 13 minor complications (Clavien grade 1) were recorded. No blood transfusions were reported. The glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly from preoperative period to 12-mo follow-up. Recurrence did not occur at the median follow-up period of 48 (36–60) mo. The retrospective design and lack of a control group are limitations of this study.ConclusionsOff-clamp retroperitoneoscopic tumour evacuation using the CSPB technique is feasible, safe, and effective for treating complex sporadic RAMLs.Patient summaryWe report a curettage, suction, packing, and binding technique for off-clamp retroperitoneoscopic evacuation of sporadic renal angiomyolipomas that leads to complete lesion clearance, excellent renal function preservation, and minimal perioperative complications.     

Skin angiography assisted mastectomy in secondary breast angiosarcoma: Complete clinical response after neoadjuvant immunotherapy

Radiation-induced breast angiosarcoma, or secondary angiosarcoma (SAS), is a rare entity with a high risk of metastatic recurrence. Herein, we describe the use of intraoperative fluorescence-based skin angiography to guide surgical resection following a novel immunotherapy-based regimen for SAS resulting in a complete pathological response.     

Culture-Expanded Autologous Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

BackgroudOutcomes of traditional treatment for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) are not always satisfactory. Hence, cell-supplementation therapy has been attempted to facilitate necrotic-tissue regeneration. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) transplantation is potentially advantageous over bone marrow-derived MSC implantation, but its outcomes for ONFH remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine 2-year radiological and clinical outcomes of culture-expanded autologous ADMSC implantation for ONFH.MethodsEighteen hips with necrotic lesions involving ≥ 30% of the femoral head were included. ADMSCs were harvested by liposuction and culture expanded for 3 passages over 3 weeks. With a 6-mm single drilling, ADMSCs were implanted into the necrotic zone. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) at screening and 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was the change in the size of necrotic area on MRI. Secondary outcomes were changes in clinical scores and radioisotope uptake on SPECT/CT. Conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) was defined as the endpoint.ResultsPreoperatively, the necrotic lesion extent was 63.0% (38.4%–96.7%) of the femoral head. The mean Harris hip score was 89.2, the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score was 5.6, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis index (WOMAC) was 79.4. Three patients underwent THA and 1 patient died in an accident. Finally, 11 patients (14 hips) were available for ≥ 2-year follow-up. At the last follow-up, no surgery-related complications occurred, and 14 of 17 hips (82%) were able to perform daily activities without THA requirement. There was no significant decrease in lesion size between any 2 intervals on MRI. However, widening of high signal intensity bands on T2-weighted images inside the necrotic lesion was observed in 9 of 14 hips (64%); 11 of 14 hips (79%) showed increased vascularity on SPECT/CT at 2 years postoperatively. No significant differences were observed between preoperative and 24-month mean Harris hip score (89.2 vs. 88.6), WOMAC (79.4 vs. 75.7), and UCLA score (5.6 vs. 6.2).ConclusionsOur outcomes suggest that culture-expanded ADMSC implantation is a viable option for ONFH treatment without adverse events.     

腹膜透析治疗小儿先天性心脏病术后急性肾功能衰竭

目的：探讨腹膜透析（ＰＤ）对小儿先天性心脏病（先心病）术后急性肾功能衰竭（ＡＲＦ）的治疗效果。方法：对３６例先心病术后ＡＲＦ行ＰＤ治疗患儿的临床资料作回顾性调查。结果：全组经ＰＤ治疗后的病死率为３０．６％,其中单纯ＡＲＦ的病死率１２．５％,显著低于合并其他系统器官衰竭组的４５％（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＰＤ３～３０ｄ内肾功能恢复,其中１～２ｄ内血Ｋ＾＋恢复正常,２～５ｄ内血碳酸氢根（ＨＣＯ３＾－）恢复正常,４～６ｄ内血尿素氮下降４９．２％,血肌酐下降４２．６％。结论：对小儿先心病术后ＡＲＦ及早进行ＰＤ具有较好的治疗效果。     

不同来源精子单精子卵胞浆内注射治疗不育症

目的：采用不同来源精子行单精子卵胞浆内注射术（ＩＣＳＩ）治疗不育症并进行疗效对比观察,方法：女性行常规超促排卵和经阴道超声引导下取卵。比较采用精液、附睾和睾丸精子行ＩＣＳＩ后的卵子损伤率、受精率、卵裂率、胚胎质量和临床妊娠率。结果：５３对不育夫妇共行６２仆ＩＣＳＩ周期。２７例临床妊娠,周期临床妊娠率为４３．５％,分别有３６、１２和１４个周期采用精液、附睾和睾丸精子,三组的卵子损伤率、受精率、卵裂率     

Nasotracheal enterococcal carriage and resistomes: detection of optrA-, poxtA- and cfrD-carrying strains in migratory birds,livestock, pets,and in-contact humans in Spain

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases - This study determined the carriage rates and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes of enterococci from...