THE EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ISCHEMIC ARRHYTHMIA AND THE RELATION BETWEEN EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE AND CHOLINERGIC MUSCARINE-LIKE RECEPTORS

For investigating the effect of acupuncture on ischemic arrhythmia and its mech-anism, adult albino rats with ligated anterior descending branch of coronary artery as experimentalmodel were treated with or without acupuncture, and others with imitative operation but without bothcoronary artery ligation and acupuncture treatment were used as control. It was found in acupuncturegroup that the fibrillation-liability of ischemic myocardium was efficiently decreased, the affinity ofAch-M receptors on membranes of ischemic myocardium was markedly increased, and the tolerance ofischemic myocardium to atropine was elevated in the experiment of atropine inducing fibrillation.These results indicate that acupuncture may play a therapeutic role on ischemic arrhythmia throughactivating the activity of muscarine-like receptors of cholinergic nervous system.     

Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of chromosome 12p in paraffin-embedded tissue is useful for establishing germ cell origin of metastatic tumors.

The over-representation of chromosome 12p sequences is crucial for the development of invasive testicular germ cell tumors. Testicular cancer patients may have metastatic tumors of diverse histologic types, including adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, sarcoma, or other malignancies that lack features of germ cell tumors. We sought to investigate the possible germ cell origin of such tumors using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. In all, 10 metastatic malignant somatic-type tumors from patients with histories of testicular cancer, as well as one malignant somatic-type tumor from a patient with primary mediastinal germ cell tumor were studied and included: adenocarcinoma (five cases), poorly differentiated carcinoma (one), sarcoma (four), and neuroendocrine carcinoma (one). The tumors were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization using 12p spectrum green and 12 centromeric spectrum orange probes in paraffin sections. The patients ranged in age from 27 to 55 years (mean, 43). Colon and lung cancers from patients without germ cell tumors were used as controls. Adequate signals were observed in all tumors. Gain of chromosome 12p was seen in six tumors. None of the control tumors showed 12p amplification. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for 12p amplification in routinely processed surgical specimens is a useful adjuvant diagnostic tool in confirming the germ cell origin of metastatic tumors having the histologic appearance of somatic-type neoplasms.     

Evaluation of peripheral blood involvement of mantle cell lymphoma by fluorescence in situ hybridization in comparison with immunophenotypic and morphologic findings.

Mantle cell lymphoma is non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma characterized by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation. Peripheral blood involvement of mantle cell lymphoma is usually associated with a poor prognosis and therefore, its identification is clinically important. In this study, we performed cyclin D1/IgH-probe fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on 223 peripheral blood samples: 185 from 125 mantle cell lymphoma patients, and 38 normal controls. The cutoff values for the test were established using normal controls. Flow cytometry on peripheral blood and corresponding bone marrow samples was used to evaluate this test. In all, 26% of the 185 peripheral blood samples and 27% of the 161 corresponding bone marrow samples were flow cytometry positive for mantle cell lymphoma. The mean numbers of single and- double-fusion signals and the mean number of CD5/CD19-positive cells, absolute blood lymphocyte count, and white blood cell count were significantly higher in peripheral blood and corresponding bone marrow samples with mantle cell lymphoma-positive flow cytometry. Double-fusion signals were more specific than single-fusion ones. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was far more likely to be positive for mantle cell lymphoma when the peripheral blood and the corresponding bone marrow samples had positive flow cytometry results or morphology (P<0.01). Our study indicates that cyclin D1/IgH-fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis could be used to determine the presence and character of circulating mantle cell lymphoma cells in peripheral blood, thus enhancing our ability to evaluate leukemic mantle cell lymphoma and minimum residual disease.     

肝癌切除术后辅助肝动脉栓塞化疗的价值

关于原发性肝癌的现有各种治疗手段如外科治疗、微创治疗（肝动脉栓塞化疗、微波射频消融治疗、无水酒精瘤内注射）、放射治疗、化学治疗、免疫治疗和中医中药治疗，都有一定的疗效，但至今仍以手术切除为最有效的治疗方法。近20年来，通过亚临床期肝癌的发现、早期切除、肝癌术后复发的再切除和不能切除肝癌的缩小后再切除、多学科的有序的综合治疗等方法，在一定程度上提高了术后生存率。由于肝癌有早期就容易出现肝内转移的特性，大部分肝癌在手术时已存在有肝内转移灶，所以术后余肝残留肿瘤的机会很大，术后复发率高。     

国际听力学研究最新文献导读:助听器与听力康复

目的:介绍近期以英文为主的国际听力学文献,以国际会议、主要杂志编辑部推荐的文章为主,使读者能够基本了解国外本专业的发展趋势。本文侧重以助听器选配、验证以及听力康复为主。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline和听力学主要杂志(EarandHearing、TheHearingJournal等),检索时间为2003-2005年,检索词限定为“audiology,hearingaid,auralrehabilitation,hearingscience”,并限定语言种类为英文,对于耳外科学等相关领域则基本不予涉及。资料选择:对所检索到的文献进行初审,选取影响力比较大的作者、涉及面比较广泛的文章,而且作者以往同类文章较多或被引用次数较多者。选文时,参考主要杂志编辑部推荐或特邀的作者的综述类文章,同时参考以往重要国际会议专题报告人选的文章。以有利于读者在短时间内了解听力学研究整体概况,然后根据需要查找相关文献。资料提炼:供查找文献94余篇,筛选出37篇用以综述。资料综合:助听器和听力康复从业者涉及医学、商业、工业制造、研究等多个领域,本文选择了与临床使用为主的研究文章37篇,从不同角度介绍助听器选配、验证以及听力康复前沿的发展动态。结论:听力学在专业人员的努力下,借助于生物、医学、电子、声学、教育和计算机等专业的发展,近年来取得了飞速发展,许多观念需要更新。     

对高等学校创收收入管理的思考

随着我国教育体制改革的推进,高等学校的资金来源也发生了较大变化,创收收入成为高校收入中的很大一部分,高校的各个基层单位的创收收入也在不断增加,对于这部分资金的管理,有着十分重要的现实意义。目前的创收收入管理比较松散,存在很多弊病。需要通过纳入学校财务统一管理、严格创收分配支出管理、制定创收分成比例、定期检查等办法加强管理,使这部分资金得到合理利用,促进高校的教育、教学的发展。     

保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌改良根治手术中的应用

目的探讨乳腺癌改良根治手术中保留肋间臂神经的可行性和方法。方法乳腺癌患者78例，其中49例在改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经．29例未保留肋间臂神经。结果49例保留肋间臂神经的患者中，46例术后腋窝及上臂感觉良好．3例出现感觉障碍，但在短时间内恢复。未保留肋间臂神经的29例患者均出现不同程度的腋窝及上臂感觉障碍。经随访无1例出现局部复发。结论乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经可以预防术后腋窝及上臂感觉障碍的发生，不增加局部复发的风险，应成为乳腺癌改良根治手术的标准组成部分。     

脑心通对颈动脉粥样硬化症患者临床症状及IMT的影响

目的：观察脑心通胶囊对颈动脉粥样硬化症患者临床症状及颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）的影响。方法：对照组102例单用尼莫地平20mg，每日3次；治疗组102例在对照组基础上加脑心通胶囊2粒（0．8g），每日3次。总疗程3个月，比较两组治疗前后临床症状及IMT情况。结果：治疗组临床症状缓解总有效率93．14％，IMT明显改善，均优于对照组。结论：脑心通治疗颈动脉粥样硬化症有效。     

卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤患者保留生理功能的治疗

卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤多发于青少年,在中国和亚洲其他地区,其发病率远高于西方国家,占全部卵巢恶性肿瘤的5%～20%.卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤主要包括无性细胞瘤、未成熟畸胎瘤、内胚窦瘤、胚胎癌、原发性绒癌以及混合性生殖细胞肿瘤,前三者最常见.由于该疾病大多数生长迅速、恶性程度高、预后差且多发于年轻妇女甚至是幼女而受到临床医生的高度重视.在有效的化疗方法使用前,卵巢内胚窦瘤及未成熟畸胎瘤手术治疗后的存活率仅为7.1%和27%,而且过大的手术范围不仅使患者丧失了生育功能,更因为卵巢的切除而影响第二性征的发育,严重影响患者今后的生存质量.随着联合化疗的应用和不断改进,卵巢恶性生殖细胞肿瘤的存活率逐渐提高,达到87%～97.3%.与卵巢其他恶性肿瘤有所不同的是,该病的治疗方案需根据临床期别、病理组织学特征、患者年龄及生育要求等综合考虑.