缺氧诱导因子-1α和血管内皮生长因子在子宫内膜癌中的表达及相关性

目的:探讨HIF-1α、VEGF在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其临床意义,并分析两者的相关性。方法:采用免疫组织化学S-P方法检测11例正常子宫内膜、14例不典型增生子宫内膜、38例子宫内膜癌组织中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达。结果:HIF-1α和VEGF在子宫内膜癌和不典型增生子宫内膜组织中的阳性率明显高于正常子宫内膜,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在子宫内膜癌组织中HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达与组织病理学分级、手术病理分期无关(P>0.05);VEGF随病理组织学分级的增加、手术病理分期的进展阳性率逐渐上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HIF-1α和VEGF的表达呈正相关(r=0.429,P=0.007)。结论:在缺氧状态下,子宫内膜癌组织中HIF-1α基因被激活,过渡表达HIF-1α蛋白,并通过VEGF的上调而刺激肿瘤新生血管的生成,使肿瘤耐受缺氧,促进子宫内膜癌的转移。     

肺癌患者血栓前状态的研究

对１０４例肺癌的血小板表面α－颗粒膜蛋白、血浆血管性假血友病因子、凝血酶原、凝血酶、抗凝血酶Ⅲ进行了测定。结果分别有６６．４％、８１．７％、６２．５％的患者α－颗粒膜蛋白分子数、血管性假血友病因子及凝血酶浓度较正常升高，早晚期差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。９．６％患者抗凝血酶Ⅲ含量和活性减低。追踪观察１．５年发现，有无血栓前状态其转移率和死亡率有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。由此可见肺癌常伴血栓前状态，其程度与病期及预后密切相关。     

A field evaluation of the impact of transfer efficiency on worker exposure during spray painting

This paper presents a mathematical model to predict breathing-zone overspray concentrations produced during spray painting as a function of the overspray generation rate, ventilation and work practices. The overspray generation rate required an estimate of the spray gun transfer efficiency, which was provided by a previously developed mathematical model. These models were evaluated in the field under two different scenarios: first in a controlled environment that approximated the assumptions of models, and then under actual spray painting conditions. Results from the first test showed the model overestimated transfer efficiency, but the measured exposures and predicted exposures were not significantly different. During actual spray painting operations, all task exposures were within a factor of three of the model predictions, and there was no statistical difference between the measured and predicted values. The predicted average exposure of each worker was within the 95% confidence interval. The overall mean exposure was within one standard error of the model prediction. The current study expands on the original exposure model by including a transfer efficiency model to provide a better estimate of the overspray generation rate. The theoretical foundation between exposure and its primary determinants is established, and this knowledge can be applied to design and can evaluate optimal control interventions. Also, the general methodology presented here for developing an exposure model is applicable to operations other than spray painting.     

Postpartum endogenous Candida endophthalmitis.

Candida albicans is the most common pathogen causing intraocular fungal infection. Postpartum endogenous Candida endophthalmitis, however, is extremely rare. We report the case of a 33-year-old postpartum woman who presented with a 5-day history of decreased vision and had a positive blood culture for C. albicans. Fundus examination showed vitreous haze and multiple pre-retinal whitish lesions with indistinct borders. Systemic investigations revealed acute renal failure and cardiomegaly. After treatment with intravenous antifungal therapy, vitrectomy, and intravitreal injection of antimycotics, systemic and intraocular infections were eradicated successfully.     

Relapsing pancreatitis in a child duplication in an aberrant pancreatic lobe

An aberrant pancreatic lobe associated with an enteric duplication cyst is a rare cause of relapsing pancreatitis in childhood. We present an 8-year-old boy with relapsing pancreatitis caused by this rare congenital foregut anomaly. The computed tomography (CT) findings revealed an unusually long segment of aberrant pancreatic lobe arising from the pancreatic neck, projecting anteriorly at a distance to a cystic duodenal duplication and appearing as an inflammatory mass. There has been no previous report of this unusual appearance on CT. Appreciation of the relevant anatomy provided by CT led to the successful management of this surgically-treatable cause of relapsing pancreatitis. Accepted: 12 April 1999     

采用单引物扩增法标记的基因芯片技术筛选乳腺原发癌与淋巴结转移癌的差异表达基因

目的比较乳腺原发癌与淋巴结转移癌的基因表达差异,筛选乳腺癌转移相关基因。方法采用单引物扩增(SPA)标记方法和含21000个人功能基因的Oligo芯片,比较10例淋巴结转移阳性乳腺癌患者的原发癌及淋巴结转移癌的基因表达差异,筛选至少5对样本中有1．5倍以上相同差异表达趋势的基因;采用实时定量RT—PCR方法对差异表达基因进行病例验证。结果SPA方法标记靶标可使用于一张芯片杂交的起始总RNA模板量减少至0．25μg;共筛选出57个基因在至少5对样本中有1．5倍以上相同的差异表达趋势,其中19个基因在转移癌中表达上调,38个基因下调,8个差异表达基因与细胞黏附和运动能力有关,14个与信号传导有关,14个与细胞生长代谢有关;实时定量RT—PCR检测30例乳腺癌原发癌与配对的淋巴结转移癌中纤维粘连蛋白(FN)的mRNA表达,转移癌中FN的mRNA表达平均相对表达量较原发癌下调3．6倍,配对t检验差异有统计学意义(t=-3．188,P=0．003)。结论(1)单引物扩增标记靶标的方法灵敏度高、重复性好。(2)以乳腺癌的淋巴结转移癌作为原发癌的转移亚克隆进行基因表达的差异比较,筛选得到的基因涉及了细胞黏附和运动能力、细胞信号传导、细胞生长代谢等与转移相关的生物学过程。(3)FN可能参与乳腺癌的转移过程,是潜在的预测乳腺癌转移和预后的分子标志。     

Intranasal immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV (SARS-associated coronavirus) induced local and serum antibodies in mice

SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) strain GZ50 was partially purified and inactivated with 1:2000 formaldehyde. In cell culture the inactivated virus blocked the replication of live virus by decreasing the TCID(5.0) of the live virus 10(3.6) to 10(4.6) times. Inactivated GZ50 was used to immunize mice intranasally either alone, or after precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG), or with CpG, or CTB as an adjuvant. The titer of serum neutralizing antibodies was up to 1:640. In mice immunized with adjuvants or PEG precipitated GZ50, specific IgA was detected in tracheal-lung wash fluid by immunofluorescence. Though serum antibodies were detected, no anti-SARS-IgA could be detected in mice immunized only with inactivated GZ50. The roles of adjuvants in intranasal immunization with inactivated. SARS-CoV is discussed.     

Laparoscopic anatrophic nephrolithotomy

Management of staghorn calculi is still a challenge. To combine the surgical principles of treatment with the minimal invasive access we performed a laparoscopic anatrophic nephrolithotomy in a female patient successfully. Patient was discharged free of stone on fifth postoperative day. No complications occurred.     

Polymorphisms of four bone mineral density candidate genes in Chinese populations and comparison with other populations of different ethnicity

 Studies on polymorphisms of candidate genes and their association with bone mineral density (BMD) have been reported in many populations, but few have been reported in Chinese populations. We investigated polymorphisms of the following five commonly used markers of four prominent BMD candidate genes with the purpose of identifying useful genetic markers for osteoporosis genetic research in Chinese: the Sp1 and RsaI polymorphisms of the collagen type 1 alpha l (Col1a1) gene, the −174G/C promoter polymorphism of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene, the Asn363Ser polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene, and the T → C polymorphism in intron 5 of the transforming growth factor β₁ (TGF-β₁) gene. We evaluated these polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP in samples of at least 124 random individuals. We compared the polymorphisms of these five markers with other populations using the χ² test and Fisher's exact two-tailed test. For the RsaI polymorphism, only three heterozygotes but no variant homozygote were identified. For the −174G/C polymorphic site, only one GC heterozygote and no CC homozygote were found. Alleles s, Ser, and A ₁ at the Sp1, Asn363Ser, and T → C marker sites that have been found to be polymorphic in other populations were not found in Chinese. Significant differences of allele and genotype frequency distributions were observed at these polymorphisms (P < 0.001) after comparing with other populations. Our results suggest that variant alleles of the five markers are absent or too rare to be useful genetic makers in Chinese, despite the fact that they have been commonly used as polymorphic markers in osteoporosis genetic research in other populations. Received: April 22, 2002 / Accepted: July 2, 2002 Acknowledgments. The study was partially supported by the Hunan Province Special Professor Start-up Fund (25000612), Chinese National Science Foundation (CNSF) Outstanding Young Scientist Award (30025025), CNSF Grant (30170504), a grant from Huo Ying-Dong Education Foundation, and a Seed Fund from the Ministry of Education of P.R. China (25000106). Some investigators (R.R.R., V.D., H.W.D.) were partially supported by grants from the Health Future Foundation of USA, grants of National Health Institute (K01 AR02170-01, R01 GM60402-01A1), grants from the State of Nebraska Cancer and Smoking Related Disease Research Program, and U.S. Department of Energy grant (DE-FG03-00ER63000/A00). We thank all the study subjects for volunteering to participate in the study. Offprint requests to: H.-W. Deng