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X Dong M He X Song B Lu Y Yang S Zhang N Zhao L Zhou Y Li X Zhu R Hu 《Diabetic medicine》2007,24(12):1482-1486
AIMS: Our aim was to assess performances of the Cockcroft-Gault and simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formulae in estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in Chinese diabetic populations and their association with vascular risks. METHODS: A total of 1009 patients with Type 2 diabetes were categorized into low estimated GFR groups (GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) and control groups by the two equations. The performances of these formulae were assessed at different stages of kidney function. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy or albuminuria were compared among the groups. The ability of these formulae to identify established vascular risk markers using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were also compared. RESULTS: The prevalence of low estimated GFR was 32.7% with the Cockcroft-Gault formula and 5.2% with the MDRD formula, respectively. In low estimated GFR subjects by the MDRD formula, IMT was significantly thicker than those by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (1.2 mm vs. 1.0 mm; P < 0.05), with a higher prevalence of albuminuria (78.4 vs. 52.8%, P < 0.05) and diabetic retinopathy (46.5 vs. 30.5%; P < 0.05). The Cockcroft-Gault formula gave a specificity of 71.7% and a sensitivity of 37.0%, and the MDRD formula gave a specificity of 96.6% and a sensitivity of 7.9% in estimating low GFR relevant for established vascular risks. CONCLUSIONS: These formulae performed differently in Chinese diabetic populations. The simplified MDRD formula is minimally superior to the Cockcroft-Gault formula for its high specificity and positive predictive values in estimating low GFR relevant for vascular risks. 相似文献
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Rapid growth in biomedical research coupled with dramatic advancement in biotechnology has significantly improved our understanding of the molecular basis involving cancer development and progression. This improvement has led to the discovery of new molecular markers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis as well as new molecular targets for cancer treatment and intervention. Continuous emergence of some new developing area in molecular profiling, new therapeutic agents, tissue microenvironment and systems biology have made significant progress in clinical oncology. Clinical research and investigation that focus on these new developments have begun to show exciting results that indicate future promises in improving patient management and survival. 相似文献
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The influence of chronic administration of a dry cleared extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (DCEG) containing flavonoids on the behavioral status and learning of intact and ovariectomized adult female rats has been
studied. The DCEG preparation was administered in low (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and high (5.0 mg/kg, i.p.) daily doses over a period
of 14 days and the results were evaluated on the passive avoidance situation model and in the open field test. It was established
that the chronic administration of DCEG in both low and high doses produced correction of the passive avoidance performance
in ovariectomized female rats. The administration of DCEG in a low dose also positively influenced the structure of purposeful
behavior of females with deficiency of estrogens.
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Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 39, No. 8, pp. 27 – 29, August, 2005. 相似文献
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卫生保健课程是以贯彻"预防为主"的方针、实现"健康为人人,人人为健康"的一门重要学科。笔者根据数年的教学实践,结合学生的课堂调查结果,总结卫生保健课程教学中常见的误区,以期同行在教学中避免走进误区,更好地为教学服务。 相似文献
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