全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9200篇 |
免费 | 443篇 |
国内免费 | 225篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 176篇 |
儿科学 | 148篇 |
妇产科学 | 89篇 |
基础医学 | 1694篇 |
口腔科学 | 133篇 |
临床医学 | 914篇 |
内科学 | 1780篇 |
皮肤病学 | 213篇 |
神经病学 | 555篇 |
特种医学 | 536篇 |
外科学 | 1124篇 |
综合类 | 43篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 344篇 |
眼科学 | 256篇 |
药学 | 982篇 |
中国医学 | 93篇 |
肿瘤学 | 786篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 64篇 |
2022年 | 241篇 |
2021年 | 363篇 |
2020年 | 182篇 |
2019年 | 205篇 |
2018年 | 271篇 |
2017年 | 210篇 |
2016年 | 262篇 |
2015年 | 414篇 |
2014年 | 520篇 |
2013年 | 565篇 |
2012年 | 792篇 |
2011年 | 767篇 |
2010年 | 453篇 |
2009年 | 398篇 |
2008年 | 546篇 |
2007年 | 669篇 |
2006年 | 508篇 |
2005年 | 449篇 |
2004年 | 317篇 |
2003年 | 289篇 |
2002年 | 232篇 |
2001年 | 213篇 |
2000年 | 205篇 |
1999年 | 176篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 61篇 |
1996年 | 44篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 45篇 |
1990年 | 33篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有9868条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Jong-Sun Yoo Yun-Jung Lee Kyeong Eun Hyung Joo Won Yoon Ik Hee Lee So-Young Park Kwang Woo Hwang 《The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology》2012,16(6):463-468
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by dysregulation of the immune system in the pancreatic islets, which eventually leads to insulin-producing pancreatic β-cell death and destabilization of glucose homeostasis. One of the major characteristics of T1D pathogenesis is the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages that result in destruction or damage of pancreatic β-cells. In this study the inflammatory microenvironment of T1D was simulated with RAW264.7 cells and MIN6 cells, acting as macrophages and pancreatic β-cells respectably. In this setting, peroxiredoxin-1, an anti-oxidant enzyme was knocked down to observe its functions in the pathogenesis of T1D. RAW264.7 cells were primed with lipopolysaccharide and co-cultured with MIN6 cells while PRX-1 was knocked down in one or both cell types. Our results suggest that hindrance of PRX-1 activity or the deficiency of this enzyme in inflammatory conditions negatively affects pancreatic β-cell survival. The observed decrease in viability of MIN6 cells seems to be caused by nitric oxide production. Additionally, it seems that PRX-1 affects previously reported protective activity of IL-6 in pancreatic β cells as well. These results signify new, undiscovered roles for PRX-1 in inflammatory conditions and may contribute toward our understanding of autoimmunity. 相似文献
72.
Jong-Sun Yoo Yun-Jung Lee Joo Won Yoon Kyeong Eun Hyung Kwang Woo Hwang 《The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology》2012,16(5):349-353
Activated T cells express inhibitory receptors such as CTLA-4 that can downregulate immune responses. Blockade of or genetic deficiency in CTLA-4 can result in autoimmunity. Therefore, strategies to increase the inhibitory function of CTLA-4 may be attractive in settings of undesirable T cell responses such as autoimmunity or transplant rejection. We have tested the hypothesis that transgenic constitutive expression of CTLA-4 can further attenuate immune responses when compared with normal inducible expression. Our results indicate that transgenic expression of CTLA-4 in mouse T cells (CTLA-4-Tg T cells) results in reduced cell cycle progression and increased apoptosis of TCR-stimulated T cells. CTLA-4-Tg T cells display reduced T cell proliferation in an in vivo model of graft versus host disease (GVHD). These results further our understanding of how CTLA-4 can be manipulated to inhibit immune responses and may help development of new therapeutic strategies for clinical settings of autoimmunity and transplantation. 相似文献
73.
Yoo C Ryu MH Ryoo BY Beck MY Chang HM Lee JL Kim TW Kang YK 《Investigational new drugs》2012,30(4):1703-1708
A pharmacokinetic study in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) suggested that imatinib plasma concentration may decrease following long-term exposure. We assessed changes in imatinib plasma trough levels (C(min)) during long-term treatment. Follow-up (FU) imatinib C(min) was measured in 65 patients who received the same dose of imatinib for at least 9 months after previous (initial) tests. After exclusion of 7 patients who had been treated with imatinib for over 2 years at the time of initial testing, 58 patients were included in this analysis. The median intervals from initiation of imatinib to initial testing and from initial to FU testing were 5.5 months (range, 0.5-24.0 months) and 13.0 months (range, 9.6-17.9 months), respectively. Mean inter- and intra-subject variability values were 47.7% and 20.9%, respectively, at initial measurements, and 45.2% and 19.4%, respectively, at FU. Mean FU imatinib C(min) (1,370 ± 661 ng/mL) was significantly higher than mean initial C(min) (1,171 ± 573 ng/mL; p = 0.003). Compared with initial C(min), FU C(min) was decreased in 22 patients and increased in 36, with median changes of 13% and 32%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between the ratio of FU to initial imatinib C(min) and that of albumin (r = -0.39, p = 0.003). During long-term treatment, imatinib C(min) did not decrease significantly but remained stable or increased in most patients. Changes in imatinib C(min) were associated with changes in albumin concentration. Monitoring of imatinib C(min) only for concerns about time-dependent increases in imatinib clearance is not necessary. 相似文献
74.
Jae Won Chang Jae Won Choi Bum Hei Lee Ju Kyeong Park Yoo Seob Shin Young-Taek Oh 《Nutrition and cancer》2013,65(3):400-407
Numerous studies' attempts to improve radiation-induced oral mucositis have not produced a qualified treatment yet. Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on radiation-induced damage in an in vivo rat model. After 20 Gy of irradiation, rats were divided randomly into the following 4 groups: control, KRG only, radiotherapy (RT) only, and RT + KRG group. The rats were monitored in terms of survival rate, activity, mucositis grade, oral intake, and body weight. The tongue, buccal mucosa, and submandibular gland (SMG) were harvested, and the weight of the SMG was analyzed. The samples then underwent hematoxylin and eosin, TUNEL, and immunohistochemical staining. Radiation-induced severe oral mucositis and SMG injury led to poor oral intake and delayed healing, resulting in the death of some rats. We found that survival rate, oral intake, and body weight increased. Moreover, rats treated with KRG showed less severe mucositis and decreased histologic changes of the oral mucosa and SMG. Furthermore, we showed that the protective effects of KRG were caused by inhibition of the apoptotic signal transduction pathway linked to caspase-3. In conclusion, KRG protects the oral mucosa and SMG from radiation-induced damage by inhibiting caspase-mediated apoptosis in rats. 相似文献
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
Purpose. To assess the effectiveness of strengthening exercises of the lower limbs on improvement of muscle strength and gait function.Method. Those included were diagnosed as spastic diplegic or hemiplegic type of cerebral palsy (CP) and verified as grade 2 or 3 of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Participants were divided into an experimental group (n = 9) or a control group (n = 8). The experimental group completed a 5-week strengthening program and the control group took part in conventional physical therapy. Muscle tone and strength of lower limb, Gross Motor Function Measure, lateral step up, squat to stand, and three dimensional gait analysis were tested at pre-training, post-training, and 6 week follow up.Results. Maximal hip extensor strength, and number of squat to stand were significantly increased at post-training and 6 weeks follow up in the experimental group compared with the control group. GMFM score D and E significantly improved in the experimental group at post-training. The experimental group demonstrated significant increase of gait speed and stride length and decrease of double support phase at post-training and 6 weeks follow up.Conclusions. Strengthening exercises could be a useful method to improve gait function of patients with spastic CP. 相似文献