经颅直流电刺激对精神分裂症伴迟发性运动障碍患者空间工作记忆的影响

目的探讨经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)对精神分裂症伴迟发性运动障碍(TD)患者空间工作记忆的影响。方法选取2017年6月至2018年1月来源于苏州市广济医院、苏州市社会福利总院、太仓市精神卫生中心、南充市第六人民医院四家精神专科医院的38例住院精神分裂症伴TD患者,随机分为试验组(21例)和对照组(17例)。研究期间,两组患者均接受常规药物治疗,试验组予以tDCS治疗,采用的电流为2 mA,刺激部位为左侧背外侧前额叶皮质及对侧眶上缘;对照组相应地予以伪tDCS治疗。在基线期、治疗15次结束后及2周后进行随访,采用剑桥神经心理自动化成套测试(CANTAB)中的空间工作记忆(SWM)模块分别对两组患者进行认知测评。结果在完成15次治疗后,试验组SWM指标分析中的总错误数[31.00(28.50,49.00)]、平均第一次响应时间(4盒子)[3289.500(1871.750,5018.000)ms]、平均第一次响应时间(6盒子)[2862.500(2128.500,4672.250)ms]、平均第一次响应时间(8盒子)[3328.500(2611.250,5120.750)ms]与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组SWM指标分析中的策略分[19.00(17.00,20.00)]低于对照组[21.00(19.50,23.00)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在2周后的随访中,两组的SWM各指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论tDCS可能对精神分裂症患者使用策略的能力有即刻改善效应。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疑似病例隔离病区转出流程设计与应用

目的:为了防止新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疑似患者隔离病区发生确诊患者和双阴患者及其与医护人员之间的交叉感染。方法:从医生、护士、工勤人员、患者4个方面设计隔离区疑似病例转出流程图。结果:405例病例、医生、护士及后勤人员之间均无交叉感染发生。结论:各班各岗责任明确,有效避免了交叉感染,更好地保障大家安全,为临床抗击COVID-19疫情提供参考。     

国家援鄂医疗队对新型冠状病毒肺炎ICU的护理人力管理

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间国家援鄂医疗队护理人力管理策略,提升护理管理效率。方法借鉴突发事件卫生应急指挥决策系统,以"应急保障-应急基础-应急行动"为护理人力管理思路,构建科学有效且实用性强的ICU护理人力管理模式。结果国家援鄂ICU护理团队共135人,建立7个护理小组,实施弹性管理;开展递进式培训、临床教学30次。共收治新型冠状病毒肺炎危重症患者109例,其中机械通气患者75例。结论国家医疗队为应对突发的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情,迅速组建ICU护理团队,形成了"应急保障-应急基础-应急行动"护理人力管理模式,通过采取"集权式"和"小组式"相结合的网格式管理,保证了新型冠状病毒肺炎危重症患者救治工作的顺利开展。     

开设医学生物化学综合性实验的探索

生物化学综合性实验涉及知识面广、实验技术多、时间长且环环相扣,具有一定的难度。为了保证综合性实验的顺利进行,河北医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室从教学准备和教学实施等方面采取如下措施：建专项实验室;教师课前集体备课和预实验;实验准备教师带教;运用多媒体教学手段;学生课前提交实验预习报告,以小组为单位完成实验等,从而达到开设综合性实验的预期目的。     

胸腔镜下肺部手术后发生广泛皮下气肿的临床分析

目的 探讨胸腔镜下肺部手术后发生广泛皮下气肿的影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2015年10月-2020年10月3314例行胸腔镜下肺部手术后发生广泛皮下气肿患者的临床资料,寻找发生广泛皮下气肿的相关因素,分析皮下气肿的治疗效果.结果 术后广泛皮下气肿发生率为1.90％(63/3314).其中,肺减容、胸腔粘连、合并肺气肿和...     

血栓抽吸术在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接PCI中应用价值的系统评价

目的：评价急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（ST-segment elevation of acute myocardial infarction,STEMI）患者中应用血栓抽吸术的临床疗效。方法：通过在PubMed、CNKI、维普、万方等数据库中检索关于急性STEMI行血栓抽吸联合冠脉支架介入治疗与单纯冠脉支架介入治疗的随机对照研究文献,根据纳入/排除标准筛选文献,利用 RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入13项研究,通过血栓抽吸联合冠脉支架介入治疗与单纯冠脉支架介入治疗对比,全因死亡率无统计学差异（RR=0.85,95%CI=0.73～1.00,P=0.05）,但血栓抽吸组主要心血管不良事件（major adverse cardiovascular events,MACE）事件发生率明显低于单纯PCI组（RR=0.81,95%CI=0.68～0.97,P=0.02）。结论：对于急性STEMI的患者行血栓抽吸能减少患者MACE事件发生率,对远期生存率有着积极作用。     

ACEI/ARB对经皮冠脉介入诊疗后对比剂肾病影响的系统评价

目的:评价血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)或血管紧张素受体阻滞剂(angiotensin receptor blockers,ARB)在接受冠状动脉造影(coronary angiogram,CAG)或经皮冠脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗患者中对对比剂肾病(contrast induced nephropathy,CIN)的影响。方法:在Pub Med、The Cochrane library、维普、知网、万方数据库中搜索从建库到2014年8月的与ACEI/ARB和对比剂肾病相关的文献。根据纳入/排除标准选择文献,评价纳入文献的质量,提取资料采用Stata 11.0软件进行数据Meta数据分析,采用Begg’s法和Egger’s法评估发表偏倚。结果:11项随机对照研究纳入分析,在接受冠脉造影或介入治疗的患者中,与对照组相比,术前使用ACEI/ARB不增加CIN的发生风险,差异无统计学意义(RR=0.78,95%CI=0.53~1.15,P=0.22)。亚组分析显示,治疗时间≥2周组(RR=0.78,95%CI=0.37~1.62,P=0.50)和<2周组(RR=0.79,95%CI=0.50~1.24,P=0.30)均不影响CIN的发生风险。但ACEI/ARB的使用明显降低术后72 h时CIN的发生风险(RR=0.44,95%CI=0.23~0.87,P=0.02);在平均造影剂用量≤150 ml组,CIN的风险也明显降低(RR=0.57,95%CI=0.33~0.99,P=0.046)。结论:目前尚无证据表明经皮冠状动脉介入诊疗术前使用ACEI/ARB会增加术后CIN的风险。     

Fully Bio-Based Adhesive from Tannin and Sucrose for Plywood Manufacturing with High Performances

Fully bio-based adhesives are beneficial to reduce the dependence of the wood adhesive industry on synthetic resins based on petrochemical resources and enhance the market competitiveness of adhesives. A fully bio-based wood adhesive composed of tannin and sucrose was developed and successfully used in the preparation of plywood. Effects of the preparation technology on the bonding strength and water resistance of plywood were investigated, and the properties of the adhesive were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in this study. The results showed that: (1) Compared with other biomass adhesives, tannin–sucrose adhesive had the characteristics of high-solid content and low viscosity, which had the potential to prepare particleboard and fiberboard. (2) A proper mass ratio of tannin to sucrose was key to obtaining a tannin–sucrose adhesive with better properties. (3) The optimum preparation process of tannin–sucrose adhesive for plywood was as follows: hot-pressing temperature of 210 °C, hot-pressing time of 1.2 min/mm, m(tannin):m(sucrose) of 60:40 and adhesive loading of 160 g/m². Under these conditions, the water-resistant bonding strength of the plywood was 0.89 MPa, which met the strength requirements of the Type II standard of plywood in GB/T 17657-2013. (4) The hot-pressing temperature played a decisive role in the tannin–sucrose adhesive, and the good performance of the plywood was maintained when the temperature was 210 °C or above. Thus, the prepared tannin–sucrose adhesive had high-bonding strength, good water resistance and thermal stability.     

Advanced Nanomedicine for High-Risk HPV-Driven Head and Neck Cancer

The incidence of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-driven head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is on the rise globally. HR-HPV-driven HNSCC displays molecular and clinical characteristics distinct from HPV-uninvolved cases. Therapeutic strategies for HR-HPV-driven HNSCC are under investigation. HR-HPVs encode the oncogenes E6 and E7, which are essential in tumorigenesis. Meanwhile, involvement of E6 and E7 provides attractive targets for developing new therapeutic regimen. Here we will review some of the recent advancements observed in preclinical studies and clinical trials on HR-HPV-driven HNSCC, focusing on nanotechnology related methods. Materials science innovation leads to great improvement for cancer therapeutics including HNSCC. This article discusses HPV-E6 or -E7- based vaccines, based on plasmid, messenger RNA or peptide, at their current stage of development and testing as well as how nanoparticles can be designed to target and access cancer cells and activate certain immunology pathways besides serving as a delivery vehicle. Nanotechnology was also used for chemotherapy and photothermal treatment. Short interference RNA targeting E6/E7 showed some potential in animal models. Gene editing by CRISPR-CAS9 combined with other treatments has also been assessed. These advancements have the potential to improve the outcome in HR-HPV-driven HNSCC, however breakthroughs are still to be awaited with nanomedicine playing an important role.