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43.
Respiratory symptoms and lung function following exposure in workers exposed to soft paper tissue dust 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jens Ericsson Bengt Järvholm Fredrik Norin 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1988,60(5):341-345
Summary The objective of this study was to investigate if the dust in a mill producing soft paper tissue caused respiratory symptoms or impaired respiratory function. Using a questionnaire and spirometry, 355 persons were examined. They were divided into three groups according to present exposure to dust; low (< 1 mg/m3), moderate (1–5 mg/m3) and heavy (> 5 mg/m3). There was a dose-dependent increase of symptoms from the upper respiratory tract. However, coughing and coughing with phlegm were not found to be more common among persons with heavy exposure compared to those with low exposure to the dust. There was no difference in FEV, or FVC during a work shift. Persons with long-term (> 10 years) and heavy exposure to dust seemed to have impaired respiratory function compared to those with low and/or short-term exposure to the dust. 相似文献
44.
A. Grubert K. Koch F. Fallenstein L. Spätling 《Archives of gynecology and obstetrics》1993,254(1-4):1438-1439
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
45.
The applicability of the ICD E code as a causal indicator of nonfatal injuries has been criticized. New codes have been developed to replace the ICD codes. We compared the coding reliability of the ICD E and place vs. the Nordic mechanism (M) and place codes. The mean accuracy (76 vs. 70%) (p less than 0.002) and the intercoder reliability (84 vs. 69%) (p less than 0.001) were better for the E than M code. The accuracy of the place codes was the same (83%). A short training improved (p less than 0.001) the accuracy of all four codes. The replacement of the E code with the M code would not improve the reliability of data on causes of injuries. 相似文献
46.
The KID-syndrome in Finland. A report of four cases 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
K Tuppurainen J Fr?ki S Karjalainen L Palj?rvi R Suhonen M Ryyn?nen 《Acta ophthalmologica》1988,66(6):692-698
We describe a rare syndrome in a Finnish family, in which the father and his two sons are congenitally deaf and also exhibit corneal vascularization, and hyperkeratosis of the skin of the palms, soles, elbows and knees. In addition, all 3 suffer from fungal infections of the skin and nails. We also describe a fourth, sporadic case of a 9-year-old girl with the same disease. The KID (k = keratitis, i = ichthyosis, d = deafness) syndrome is an ectodermal dysplasia that probably arises through mutation, and is transmitted as an autosomal dominant in the family described by us. 相似文献
47.
Summary
In the last decades back pain has reached dramatic proportions in industrialized countries. Disorders of the back are nowadays
the leading cause of direct and indirect health care costs. Accurate prevalence estimates are needed to serve as a basis for
health care evaluations. A review of epidemiologic studies in the general population reveals that back pain has reached a
prevalence of 40 % for current pain. 7 to 18 % are “frequently”, “often”, “daily” or “constantly” affected. 75 % of the adult
population suffers from back pain during the last year. 80 to 90 % of the adult population in industrialized countries experience
back pain ever. Gender specific differences are only present in severe, chronic forms which are more often experienced by
women. Back pain has a prevalence maximum at 50 to 64 years. Older persons display lower prevalence estimates. The prevalence
maximum in men is one decade earlier than in women. There are several potential explanations for this prevalence pattern that
are discussed in the article. Back pain can be classified by location, temporal characteristics, pain intensity and pain history.
Currently, for none of these dimensions generally accepted, uniformly employed and validated definitions are available. In
most of the industrialized countries back pain is one of the most expensive symptoms. 75–90 % of the direct and indirect health
care costs were caused by those 5–10 % of patients who are disabled. As predictors of back pain a history of back pain and
job satisfaction play by far a more important role than the extensively studied mechanical factors. For a first episode of
back pain the prognosis is favorable. If the pain persist for more than three months the prognosis is unfavorable. After six
months of absenteeism because of back pain more than half of the afflicted never return to work. Rarely back pain is present
as a single symptom. In more than 80 % back pain is associated with pain in at least one joint. It remains to be studied if
back pain may be viewed as an entity or as part of a more complex pain syndrome.
相似文献
48.
From 1980 to 1990 152 patients underwent Fontan operation at our institution. The following patient groups amenable for Fontan operation were identified: 1) patients with tricuspid atresia (n=82, 54.0%); 2) patients with single ventricle (n=31,20.3%), 3) patients with a wide variety of “complex”, non correctable cardiac malformations (n=39, 25.7%). Actuarial survival rate was 83.8±3.1% (mean±SEM) at 10 years. Follow up revealed, that more than 90.0% of the patients feel better than before operation, about 50.0% are without cyanosis, more than 70.0% are in sinus rhythm, and 90.0% of the patients are socialized according to their age. Considering the poor prognosis of these patients without an operation, the Fontan procedure offers a sufficient palliative method in the therapeutic approach up to now. 相似文献
49.
Life satisfaction in patients with chest pain subsequently diagnosed as coronary heart disease – connection through depressive symptoms? 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Valkamo M. Koivumaa-Honkanen H.-T. Hintikka J. Niskanen L. Honkalampi K. Viinamäki H. 《Quality of life research》2003,12(8):1099-1105
The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with life dissatisfaction in symptomatic patients (n = 144) with chest pain subsequently diagnosed as coronary heart disease (CHD) by coronary angiography. Life dissatisfaction was assessed with a four-item life satisfaction scale (LS), depression with the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and other psychiatric symptoms with the symptom check list (SCL). DSM-III-R Axis I and Axis II psychiatric diagnoses were performed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview. All assessments took place one day before angiography. Twenty-four per cent of CHD patients were dissatisfied with their lives. Life dissatisfaction was associated with being unmarried. Dissatisfied patients had Axis I mental disorders and Axis II personality disorders more frequently than others. Psychiatric and depressive symptoms according to the SCL and BDI, respectively, were also higher among dissatisfied patients. In multiple logistic regression analyses, mental disorders were related to life dissatisfaction when age, sex, employment status, New York Heart Association class, duration of chest pain symptoms and work load were controlled in the model. Married subjects had a lower probability of being dissatisfied with their lives than other subjects (Odds Ratio, OR: 0.23). When BDI scores were included in the model, the only factor independently associated with life dissatisfaction was the severity of depressive symptoms (OR: 1.81). To conclude, life dissatisfaction is not primarily determined by the severity of CHD but by the existence of depressive symptoms. 相似文献
50.
Schlu?folgerungen Unser Motto in der Chirurgie sollte hei?en: „An erster Stelle steht die Qualit?t, erst sekund?r kommen die Kosten.“ In diesem
Sinne verstehen wir auch die vorgelegte Arbeit vonKriwanek et al. (1). Durch den Gebrauch von wiederverwendbaren Instrumenten (oder Kombinationen davon) konnten die Kosten der LC um
50 bis 70% reduziert werden. Die Qualit?t für den Chirurgen litt jedoch unter dem reinen Gebrauch von wiederverwendbaren Instrumenten.
Deshalb erachten es die Autoren für sinnvoll, eine Kombination zwischen Wegwerfinstrumenten und wiederverwendbaren Instrumenten
anzuwenden. Damit entsteht unter leichter Erh?hung der Kosten keine Qualit?tseinbu?e und demzufolge ein maximaler Nutzen für
die Patienten (nicht jedoch für die Spital?konomen). Jede Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse unterliegt jedoch einem stetigen Flu? und
ver?ndert sich demzufolge auch mit der Einführung neuer Produkte und Technologien von Seite der Industrie. Interessant für
die gesamte Laparoskopie wird es jedoch dann, wenn solche Kosten-Nutzen-Analysen auf andere Gebiete wie z. B. die Therapie
der Leistenhernie oder der Gallengangssteine übertragen werden. Diese Ergebnisse werden die weitere Zukunft der laparoskopischen
Chirurgie wesentlich beeinflussen. Deshalb gilt es für uns Chirurgen, eine Sensibilit?t für ?konomische Aspekte zu entwickeln
und Kosten-Nutzen-Analysen für das eigene Spital (wie hier gezeigt) zu erarbeiten. 相似文献