Long-term results of Grice subtalar arthrodesis in children

Talipes valgus, mostly resulted from poliomyelitis, of 44 feet in 43 children, aged 4 to 12 years, were treated by Grice extra-articular arthrodesis of the subtalar joint, and on 36 of them tendon transfer was done as well at the same time. The result in all of them, after a period of 15.3 years (ranging 5 to 23 yrs.), was found satisfactory in 32 feet (72.7%), and unsatisfactory in 12 (27.3%). Eight of the latter were found to be due to secondary varus deformity, a consequence of imbalance of muscle power following medial transfer of peroneal tendon (s). It is emphasized that in correcting foot deformity, slight valgus is receptible while over correction (varus) must be avoided. It is also found that after subtalar stabilization, traumatic osteoarthritis of midtarsal and ankle joints developed more frequently in patients who had better limb function than in those whose limbs had functioned much less.     

Amorphous oxide--a platform for drug delivery.

Usually, a drug is loaded onto the metallic surface of a medical device by applying a polymer layer containing the drug. Unfortunately, polymer coatings on the metallic surface may exhibit numerous problems after implantation, such as late thrombosis, inflammation, and restenosis. Current research was conducted to investigate whether a suitable oxide layer can be used as a polymer-free platform for drug loading, especially for cardiovascular stents. The loading of heparin onto, as well as eluting of heparin from, the amorphous oxide film on the 316LVM stainless steel wire was confirmed by experimental studies using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and activated clotting time (ACT). Evidence shows that amorphous oxide can be an ideal substitute for the polymer coating of drug-loaded stents to minimize metallic corrosion, inflammation, late-thrombosis, and restenosis.     

Baclofen intoxication: report of four cases and review of the literature.

Four cases of baclofen intoxication are reported, with a review of 33 cases from the literature. Analysis of these 37 cases suggests that there are two types of baclofen intoxication syndrome. Patients with acute intoxication present with four major clinical manifestations: encephalopathy (disturbance of consciousness and/or seizure), respiratory depression, muscular hypotonia, and generalized hyporeflexia. Patients with chronic intoxication present with hallucinosis, impaired memory, catatonia, or acute mania. The acute intoxication syndrome has a faster onset, shorter duration, more severe clinical manifestations, and higher incidence of seizures than the chronic intoxication syndrome. Baclofen intoxication, although it may cause grave encephalopathic manifestations and electroencephalographic findings, has a benign outcome if actively managed.     

HBV_2患者血清HBsAg的氨基酸组成分析

将２例ＨＢＶ＿２患者血清ＨＢｓＡｇ纯化，分析了ＨＢＶ＿２的ＨＢｓＡｇ氨基酸组成，并与分子量为６３０１９８道尔顿ＨＢＶ＿１的ＨＢｓＡｇ三种多肽氨基醚组成比较。实验发现，ＨＢＶ＿２与ＨＢＶ＿１的ＨＢｓＡｇ的氨基醚组成有较大区别，且区别指数均在１３以上。提示ＨＢＶ＿１和ＨＢＶ＿２的ＨＢｓＡｇ在一级结构上存在较大差异；ＨＢＶ＿２可能系一新的乙型肝炎病毒，也可能系由于ＨＢＶ＿１Ｓ区核苷酸突变所致的变异株。     

叶内型肺隔离症致咯血的栓塞治疗

目的探讨叶内型肺隔离症患者咯血的栓塞治疗效果。方法结合文献复习，回顾性分析6例叶内型肺隔离症患者血管造影表现，并对畸形动脉行栓塞治疗。结果6例叶内型肺隔离症患者血管造影显示畸形动脉7支，表现为粗大、迂曲的体循环血管影；在毛细血管期可见隔离肺叶染色及引流静脉早显；静脉期显示引流静脉（肺静脉）。6例患者均进行畸形血管栓塞治疗，临床止血总有效率100％，随访1a均未复发。结论畸形血管栓塞术对叶内型肺隔离症致咯血的治疗，安全有效。     

弥漫性轴索损伤病人的护理

弥漫性轴索损伤（diffuse axonal injury，DAI）是以胼胝体、脑十等中线部位局灶性病变及脑白质广泛性轴索损伤为主，以原发昏迷时间长而又缺乏神经定位体征为其临床特征的一组原发性弥散性脑损伤。在重型颅脑损伤中占20％，病死率高达42％～62％。最常见于车祸颅脑损伤病人，也可见于高处坠落伤者。病人多合并其他部位损伤，特点为伤情重、变化快、并发症和休克发生率高，且病死率高。护理时矛盾多，易顾此失彼，影响临床治疗效果。为更好地总结对该类损伤病人的救治，     

肺表面活性蛋白A在皮质类固醇调节哮喘小鼠树突细胞共刺激分子表达中的作用

目的 研究皮质类固醇激素调节小鼠哮喘模型树突细胞表面共刺激分子表达的机制，以及肺表面活性蛋白A（SP-A）在其调节中的作用。方法 BALB/c小鼠30只，分为3组：哮喘组，采用卵蛋白（OVA）致敏和激发；对照组，以生理盐水代替OVA；治疗组，每次OVA激发后10min，腹腔注射地塞米松01mg。用免疫组化法检测SP-A在肺内的表达情况。采用Leica DM Snk软件进行图像采集，并用Qwin软件计算小气道内棕色区域面积，取平均值，进行统计分析。分离培养脾脏树突细胞，用流式细胞仪（FACS）检测树突细胞表面共刺激分子CD80的表达变化。结果 哮喘组肺组织表现为嗜酸性细胞及淋巴细胞浸润为主的炎症变化，治疗组和对照组无此变化。哮喘组的SP-A表达明显低于对照组和治疗组（P〈0．01），CD80的表达率明显高于治疗组（P〈0.01）；哮喘组小气道内SP-A表达与树突细胞CD80阳性率呈负相关（r=-0．907，P〈0．01）。结论 皮质类固醇对小鼠哮喘模型的肺表面活性蛋白有明显的保护作用，可通过激发肺表面活性蛋白抑制树突细胞表面共刺激分子CD80的表达。     

Transdermal permeation-enhancing activities of some inorganic anions

Effects of sodium salts of various monovalent inorganic anions on transdermal permeation of salicylic acid were investigated. In in-vitro experiment using a Franz-type diffusion cell and excised mouse skin, the permeation-enhancing activities of the sodium salts of inorganic anions were roughly proportional to lyotropic Hofmeister swelling abilities of the anions; F^?<SO₄ ^2?<Cl^? <ClO₄ ^?<NO₃ <SCN^? <Br <I^?, i.e. l, Br and SCN increased the flux of drugs through the mouse skin, while F^?, SO₄ ^2?, Cl^?, ClO₄ ^? and NO₃ ^? decreased or did not affect the flux. In invivo experiment using the rabbit as the test animal, the plasma concentration of salicylic acid of the rabbit to which 10%-salicylic acid ointment containing 5%-Nal or NaBr was applied was significantly higher than that of the rabbit to which the ointment without the electrolytes was applied. The amounts of sterol leached out of stratum corneum sheet when the sheet was immersed in aqueous solutions of Nal, NaBr, or NaSCN were much more than that of stratum corneum immersed in aqueous solutions of the other inorganic anions. The FTIR/ATR spectroscopy showed that the peaks at 2853 cm^?1 and 2924 cm^?1 in the IR absorption spectrum of the stratum corneum sheet of the mouse were shifted to higher frequencies by the anions which enhanced the transdermal drug permeation, while not shifted by the anions which did not have any permeation-enhancing activities or have permeation-reducing activities. These results suggest that sodium salts of some anions such as iodide, bromide and thiocyanate enhance transdermal permeation of salicylic acid through swelling and perturbation of the skin structure by these anions.