Research progress on accelerator-based stereotactic body radiotherapy

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has become an important radiotherapy technology. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the mechanical properties of the linear accelerator (LINAC), LINAC-based SBRT is gradually emerging. In this article, the history, technological progress, radiation physics, clinical application of LINAC-based SBRT were elaborated, aiming to promote the development of LINAC-based SBRT.     

Analysis of Risk and Burden of Dysentery Associated with Floods from 2004 to 2010 in Nanning,China

This study aimed to examine the association between floods and the morbidity of dysentery and to quantify the burden of dysentery due to floods in Nanning, China. A generalized additive mixed model was conducted to assess the relationship between monthly morbidity of dysentery and floods from 2004 to 2010. The years lived with disability (YLDs) of dysentery attributable to floods were then estimated based on the WHO framework of the burden of disease study for calculating the potential impact fraction. The relative risk (RR) of floods on the morbidity of dysentery was 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18–1.75). The models suggest that a potential 1-day rise in flood duration may lead to 8% (RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04–1.12) increase in the morbidity of dysentery. The average attributable YLD per 1,000 of dysentery caused by floods were 0.013 in males, 0.005 in females, and 0.009 in persons. Our study confirms that floods have significantly increased the risk and the burden of dysentery in the study area. Public health action should be taken to prevent and control the potential risk of dysentery after floods. Vulnerable groups such as males and children should be paid more attention.     

Five Year Trends in the Utilization of Robotic Bariatric Surgery Procedures,United States 2015–2019

Purpose

Robotic approaches have been steadily replacing laparoscopic approaches in metabolic and bariatric surgeries (MBS); however, their superiority has not been rigorously evaluated. The main goal of the study was to evaluate the 5-year utilization trends of robotic MBS and to compare to laparoscopic outcomes.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of 2015–2019 MBSAQIP data. Kruskal-Wallis test/Wilcoxon and Fisher’s exact/chi-square were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Generalized linear models were used to compare surgery outcomes.

Results

The use of robotic MBS increased from 6.2% in 2015 to 13.5% in 2019 (N= 775,258). Robotic MBS patients had significantly higher age, BMI, and likelihood of 12 diseases compared to laparoscopic patients. After adjustment, robotic MBS patients showed higher 30-day interventions and 30-day readmissions alongside longer surgery time (26–38 min).

Conclusion

Robotic MBS shows higher intervention and readmission even after controlling for cofounding variables.

Graphical Abstract

     

软组织损伤引起慢性疼痛的治疗

目的：综述运动系统软组织损伤引起慢性疼痛的各种治疗方法的研究进展。资料来源：应用计算机检索Medline1980—01／2006—04与运动系统软组织损伤引起慢性疼痛的治疗相关文章，检索词“Soft tissue injury，pain．chronic，comprehensive therapy”，并限定文章语言种类为“English”；同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1994—01／2006-04期间的相关文章，检索词“软组织损伤、慢性疼痛、治疗方法”，并限定语言种类为中文。同时手工查阅相关书籍。资料选择：对资料进行初审，所选文献内容符合：①软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛药物治疗的研究。②软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛微创治疗的研究。③软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛运动疗法的研究。④软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛心理治疗的研究。⑤软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛其他疗法的研究。排除重复性研究的文献。资料提炼：共收集到40篇关于软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛治疗方法的文献，均为全文，23篇符合纳入标准，排除17篇重复性研究。同时录入书籍3本。资料综合：软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛的产生是生理、心理及社会因素复杂结合的结果，个体表现差异较大，目前尚无特效治疗方法，常用的治疗方法有：药物治疗、微创治疗、运动疗法、心理治疗、物理疗法及其他疗法。结论：对于软组织损伤引起的慢性疼痛的治疗必须以整体的观点对其进行合理的评估和个体化治疗，才能收到良好的效果。     

胃食管反流病与功能磁共振技术

随着对胃食管反流病研究的深入,大脑和食管感觉及胃排空的相互作用越来越受到重视,功能磁共振成像技术,有助于进一步了解胃食管反流病的发病机制。     

高海拔地区精神分裂症患考临床特征分析

目的:了解高海拔环境对精神分裂症的影响。方法:对106例高海拔地区精神分裂症患者(高海拔组)的临床特征、疗效、药物副作用进行调查,与同期106例平原精神分裂症患者(平原组)对照。结果:高海拔组临床症状以幻觉、疑病妄想、夸大妄想、紧张冲动行为及焦虑、抑郁等精神症状出现频率较高,而对照组以被害妄想、情感淡漠等精神症状出现频率较高(P<0.01或P<0.05);入院时高海拔组总体病情较重(P<0.01);两组间疗效无显著性差异;高海拔组药物不良反应多于平原组。结论:高海拔地区精神分裂症患者临床特征、总体病情严重程度、药物不良反应与平原地区有一定区别,可能与高海拔环境有关。     

积极主动为贫困人口服务--上海市北站医院平价病房的案例调查

目的:对上海市一所国有民营医院的平价病房进行案例调查,了解运行状况、经验及存在问题。方法:相关人员访谈和现场观察。结果:该院设立了14张床位的平价病房,收治对象是低保户、特困户及经济困难的外来务工人员。对医保病人和自费病人设定不同的减免优惠方案,包括减免50.0%的床位费和10.0%的护理、检查、治疗及手术等劳务费用(药费除外)。以收治急性病为主,住院时间原则上不超过2周。出院病人总费用的实际减免率约为6.0%￣10.0%。结论:创办平价病房的方向应予肯定。是民营机构委托管理医院的一种公益性(非营利性)的表现,对其他公立医疗机构具有促进作用。     

血小板第4因子对放射损伤小鼠骨髓基质细胞周期的影响

目的探讨血小板第4因子（platelet factor 4,PF4）对5.0 Gy γ射线全身照射小鼠的骨髓基质细胞（bone marrow stromal cells,BMSCs）的保护作用,进一步探讨PF4对造血的辐射防护机制.方法30只雄性小鼠随机分为3组：①放射组,②PF4保护组,③对照组.小鼠照射前分别于26和20 h腹腔内注射PF4,每次剂量50 μg/kg.于照射后3 d取骨髓细胞体外培养,分别计数培养后3、7和14 d的骨髓基质细胞集落（CFU-F）;在培养后10 d流式细胞仪检测细胞周期.结果3组中,照射组3 d的CFU-F数量与PF4保护组差异无统计学意义,7和14 d的CFU-F数量PF4保护组较照射组明显增加.流式细胞仪检测结果表明3组中照射组G0＋G1期细胞明显高于其余两组,S,G2＋M期细胞明显低于其余两组.结论PF4对照射小鼠的骨髓基质细胞有保护作用,促进造血重建.