Extracerebral anatomic blind spots in computed tomography (CT) head: a pictorial review of non-traumatic findings

CT head has been increasingly performed in the Emergency Department for patients presented with trauma, acute neurological or psychological symptoms. Most of the emergency physicians and radiologists have undergone dedicated training and are capable of identifying and interpreting life-threatening cerebral pathologies. However, as most attention is directed to the brain, the extracerebral non-traumatic pathologies on CT head can easily be overlooked, and some of them harbour clinically significant pathologies. We categorise the extracerebral anatomic landmarks, illustrate and describe the representative pathologies from each category. The purpose of this article is to increase awareness and familiarity on the non-traumatic extracerebral pathologies, with the aim of achieving comprehensive interpretation of CT head.     

Preparation and distribution of 5-fluorouracil 125I sodium alginate-bovine serum albumin nanoparticles

ＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＮａｎｏｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅ（ＮＰ）ｉｓａｎｃｏｌｏｉｄａｌｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｉｏｎｓｙｓｔｅｍ,ｗｉｔｈｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒｓｒａｎｇｉｎｇｆｒｏｍ１０ｎｍｔｏ１０００ｎｍ．Ｔｈｅｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｅｘｉｓｔｍａｉｎｌｙｉｎｔｈｅｏｒｇａ...     

靶向化疗:基因治疗研究的新热点

１原文要点作者应用逆转录病毒感染法将目的基因Ｇ１ＣＥＡＣＤＮａ及ｐＣＤ２分别转导入高分泌ＣＥＡ的大肠癌细胞系（Ｌｏｖｏ）中,再分别接种到裸鼠皮下,成瘤后腹腔给予５ＦＣ（５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ）治疗,疗程４０ｄ,结果显示含Ｇ１ＣＥＡＣＤＮａ及ｐＣＤ２逆...     

Male reproductive effects of solvent and fuel exposure during aircraft maintenance.

Few studies have addressed the effects of mixed, low-level exposures to complex mixtures on a man's reproductive potential. In this prospective study, each subject was evaluated before first exposure and at 15 and 30 weeks after exposures had begun. A total of 50 men working on aircraft maintenance at an Air Force installation were included in the study. In addition, eight unexposed men were concurrently sampled. Industrial hygiene (IH) sampling and expired breath samples were collected for jet fuel as measured by total napthas, benzene--a component of jet fuel, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methyl ethyl ketone, xylenes, toluene, and methylene chloride. Sperm production, structure, and function (sperm concentration, sperm motion, viability, morphology, morphometrics, and stability of sperm chromatin) were evaluated. Exposures were low. All mean IH measures were below 6 ppm, which is less than 10% of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard for all chemicals except benzene. Sheet metal workers had the highest mean breath levels for both total solvents (24 ppb) and fuels (28.3 ppb). For most sperm measures, mean values remained in the normal range throughout the 30 weeks of exposure. When jobs were analyzed by exposure groups, some adverse changes were observed. The paint shop group had a significant decline in motility of 19.5% at 30 weeks. Internal dose measures, however, did not show a significant association with spermatogenic changes.     

Survey on the knowledge of age-related macular degeneration and its risk factors among Singapore residents

Purpose:  To assess the awareness of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and its risk factors among Singapore residents.
Methods:  A cross-sectional questionnaire-based telephone survey was conducted to ascertain the awareness of AMD with regards to knowledge of the disease entity and possible risk factors among Singapore residents. A Singapore residential telephone directory was used to identify potential households by choosing the first and last entries on randomly selected pages. Respondents included individuals from households with landline telephone connection who were willing to participate in the study after a brief introduction about the study. Verbal consent was sought before proceeding with the interview. Interpreters were used for respondents whose ability to converse in English was limited. Prior to commencement of the study, the protocol was reviewed and approved by Ethics committee of the Domain Specific Review Board.
Results:  The interviewers contacted 796 subjects from different households, of which 520 participated (response rate, 65.3%). The age of the respondents ranged from 18 to 85 (median 41) years. Only 38 (7.3%) of them were aware of AMD, the majority of whom had completed secondary or higher education. Two hundred (38.5%) and 191 (36.7%) of the respondents considered age and smoking, respectively, to be risk factors for AMD.
Conclusions:  The awareness of AMD among Singapore residents is low. AMD awareness needs to be improved by educational programmes designed for this specific purpose.     

双波长比值光谱法测定银黄口服液中绿原酸和黄芩苷含量

目的：应用双波长比值光谱法对银黄口服液中绿原酸和黄芩苷含量测定进行研究。方法：依据绿原酸和黄芩苷的比值光谱特征,选择266和342nm作为测定波长。结果：绿原酸线性范围2－20ug/ml,回收率98。9,RSD为1．58％;黄芩苷线性范围2－16ug/ml,回收率100．4％,RSD为1．32％,结论：本法为一种灵敏,准确和简便的分析方法,可在其他中药制剂中推广应用。     

乌头碱对大鼠心肌细胞钙通道阻滞作用的单通道分析

用膜片钳法,在培养的Wistar大鼠心室肌细胞上记录了L型钙通道的单通道活动。乌头碱50μg·ml^-1能显著阻断L型钙通道的活动,使其开放时间缩短、关闭时间延长、开放概率下降。与对照组比较,有显著性统计学差异(P<0.01)。而对通过L型钙通道的钡离于流幅值无明显影响。