Analysis of simple sequence repeats in the Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici genome and the development of microsatellite markers

Understanding the genetic structure of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is essential for the establishment of efficient disease control strategies. It is becoming clear that microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), play an important role in genome organization and phenotypic diversity, and are a large source of genetic markers for population genetics and meiotic maps. In this study, we examined the G. graminis var. tritici genome (1) to analyze its pattern of SSRs, (2) to compare it with other plant pathogenic filamentous fungi, such as Magnaporthe oryzae and M. poae, and (3) to identify new polymorphic SSR markers for genetic diversity. The G. graminis var. tritici genome was rich in SSRs; a total 13,650 SSRs have been identified with mononucleotides being the most common motifs. In coding regions, the densities of tri- and hexanucleotides were significantly higher than in noncoding regions. The di-, tri-, tetra, penta, and hexanucleotide repeats in the G. graminis var. tritici genome were more abundant than the same repeats in M. oryzae and M. poae. From 115 devised primers, 39 SSRs are polymorphic with G. graminis var. tritici isolates, and 8 primers were randomly selected to analyze 116 isolates from China. The number of alleles varied from 2 to 7 and the expected heterozygosity (He) from 0.499 to 0.837. In conclusion, SSRs developed in this study were highly polymorphic, and our analysis indicated that G. graminis var. tritici is a species with high genetic diversity. The results provide a pioneering report for several applications, such as the assessment of population structure and genetic diversity of G. graminis var. tritici.     

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Protect Mouse Models from Autoimmune Arthritis via Controlling Inflammatory Response

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported to participate in immune suppression and autoimmune disorders. However, its role in autoimmune arthritis remains to be determined. We explored whether adoptive transfer of MDSCs in vivo would block joint inflammation and histological damage using collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) models. CD11b⁺ Gr-1⁺ MDSCs were isolated from the single cells from the spleens of CIA mice on day 41 or AIA mice on day 35. MDSCs (2?×?10⁶) were then transferred to AIA and CIA mice via tail vein before arthritis establishment at indicated time points. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was injected as control. Arthritis was evaluated by severity score and histology. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17 and IL-10 in the serum and joints were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The number of Th17 cells and macrophages in draining lymph nodes and joint tissues was assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Adoptive transfer of MDSCs significantly reduced the clinical score of arthritis, alleviated joint inflammation and histological damage both in AIA and CIA models compared with PBS-treated control groups. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-10 in the serum and joints were down-regulated by transfer of MDSCs. In addition, adoptive transfer of MDSCs significantly reduced the number of Th17 cells and macrophages in draining lymph nodes and joint tissues. Altogether, we demonstrate that adoptive transfer of MDSCs prevented autoimmune arthritis in mouse models of RA through inhibiting Th17 cells and macrophages. These new findings provide insights into the inhibitory functions of MDSCs and MDSCs may be used as a cell-based biotherapy in RA.     

预见性护理对儿童白癜风自体表皮移植患者围术期感染发生率的影响

 目的:研究预见性护理对儿童白癜风自体表皮移植患者围术期感染发生率的影响。方法：将2017年9月-2018年9月在我院进行白癜风自体表皮移植手术患儿(72例)随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各36例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施预见性护理措施。比较两组患儿术后至创口愈合期间的换药次数和创口愈合时间、围术期感染发生率以及患儿家属满意度。结果：对照组术后至创口愈合期间的换药次数为（6.02±0.60）次、创口愈合时间为（9.74±0.91）d,观察组术后至创口愈合期间的换药次数为（5.35±0.48）次、创口愈合时间为（8.78±0.75）d,观察组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为5.23、4.89,P值均＜0.05）。对照组围术期感染率为30.56%,观察组围术期感染率为8.33%,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（ X²=5.68,P＜0.05）。观察组家属对护理服务中护理人员态度、护理技术、护理专业度的满意度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2.33、2.29、2.45,P值均＜0.05）。结论：儿童白癜风自体表皮移植患者实施预见性护理效果明显,值得临床推广应用。     

甲状腺手术中喉返神经显露的意义

目的阐明甲状腺手术中显露喉返神经（recurrent laryngeal nerve,RLN）的优点。方法在452例不同类型的甲状腺手术中显露喉返神经,手术前后喉镜检查声带运动情况。结果共显露喉返神经748根,暂时性喉返神经损伤14例（占1．88％）,永久性损伤2例（占0．27％）。结论甲状腺手术中显露喉返神经可有效防止其损伤并有利于手术疗效。     

光电子纤维鼻喉镜下鼻腔鼻窦手术的护理配合

总结1 204例光电子纤维鼻喉镜下鼻腔鼻窦手术的护理配合要点,提出配合护士需要熟练使用所涉及的各种仪器设备,术前充分准备、术中默契配合是手术成功的重要保证.     

新冠肺炎辅助治疗策略研究进展

为了遏制新冠肺炎(COVID-19)全球大流行趋势,挽救更多生命,迫切需要开发出针对COVID-19的有效治疗手段.研究显示,COVID-19和一些常见疾病具有相同或类似的病理特征,针对这些病理特征的辅助治疗策略可能有助于COVID-19患者的预后.本文分析了不同辅助治疗策略的原理,为下一步临床实验提供方向和参考.     

Primary intravascular large B cell lymphoma of the endometrium

Primary intravascular large B cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) of the endometrium is extremely rare. So far, only 5 cases have been reported in the English literature. We now report a new case of endometrial IVLBCL which exhibited distinct clinicopathological characteristics and meaningful laboratory tests, and also review the literature. A 66-year-old woman showed symptoms of chronic cough and choking sensation for 4 months. Following three days of vaginal bleeding she presented for examination and diagnosis. The percentage of monocytes in the blood was double that of normal levels. There was a polyp in the endometrium, which showed a number of medium–large lymphoid cells in dilated capillaries. Immunohistochemically, the lymphoid cells were immunoreactive to CD20, CD79a, Mum-1 and Foxp-1 with 85% cells immunoreactive to Ki-67. IVLBCL of the endometrium is rare and the clinical diagnosis is very difficult. Unexplained fever of old people and abnormal laboratory tests such as obvious abnormal monocyte distribution in the blood should alert the clinical doctor to the possibility of IVLBCL. A correct diagnosis mainly depends on pathological tests and immunohistochemical labeling. The prognosis of IVLBCL is poor and few patients survive longer than one year.     

超声心动图在隐源性脑卒中合并卵圆孔未闭患者中的应用

目的 为了探讨超声心动图多技术对不明原因的缺血性脑中患者是否合并卵圆孔未闭的诊断.方法 选择98例不明原因缺血性脑卒中患者,经胸超声心动图、右心声学造影、食道超声心动图等联合技术诊断检查.结果 经胸超声心动图诊断卵圆孔未闭并探及左向右分流7例,经胸超声心动图右心声学造影发现右向左分流,诊断卵圆孔未闭69例,其中7例经食道超声心动图检查,明确卵圆孔未闭6例,1例未探及卵圆孔未闭.结论 超声心动图联合技术可提高缺血脑卒中患者合并卵圆孔未闭的检出率,量化分流程度,为介入封堵卵圆孔提供依据.     

男护士职业发展需求量表的研制

目的初步编制适用于男护士的职业发展需求量表。方法查阅国内外文献,明确职业发展需求的内涵及量表的理论框架,通过访谈法,发展条目池,经专家评定和预试验对条目进行删选,形成正式问卷,以福州和厦门两地17所医院的160名男护士为调查对象评价量表的信效度。结果探索性因素分析得到27个条目共7个因子,分别为职业生涯管理策略需求、职业探索与规划需求、职业生涯路径需求、学习与培训需求、职业生涯咨询需求、专业权威需求、人际关系需求,可解释变异69.771%,内容效度为0.993;总量表内部一致性系数为0.915,重测信度为0.764。结论该量表具有较理想的信度和效度,适合在各级各类医院的男护士中使用,通过该量表可以准确评价男护士的职业发展需求,为制定科学有效的管理策略提供依据。