大鼠肠道菌群对长梗冬青苷体外代谢的影响

摘 要 目的：探究体外孵育的大鼠肠道菌群对长梗冬青苷的代谢转化规律。方法: 将长梗冬青苷与大鼠肠道菌群在厌氧条件下共孵育,分别于0,4,8,12,24,48 h时取样,经乙酸乙酯萃取后采用HPLC法进行定性和定量分析。结果: 在与大鼠肠道菌群共孵育48 h后,90.8%的长梗冬青苷被代谢转化为M₂,M₂与铁冬青酸对照品通过HPLC分析时色谱行为一致,故确定M₂为铁冬青酸。结论:长梗冬青苷可以被体外孵育的大鼠肠道菌群代谢转化为铁冬青酸。     

钙激活中性蛋白酶抑制剂对E2诱导的乳腺癌细胞增殖效应的影响及其意义

目的观察钙激活中性蛋白酶（calcium-activated neutral protease,CANP）抑制剂对雌二醇（estradiol,E2）诱导的乳腺癌细胞增殖效应的影响,为探索乳腺癌治疗新药靶提供理论依据。方法以人乳腺肿瘤细胞系MCF-7为模型细胞,RPM1-1640培养,E2处理;MTT法分析细胞增殖,观察E2诱导乳腺癌细胞增殖;CANP特异性抑制剂calpeptin（CAL）或E2受体选择性调节剂他莫西芬（Tamoxifen,TAM）预处理模型细胞,观察CAL或TAM对E2诱导的肿瘤细胞增殖效应的影响及其差异。结果（1）E2诱导MCF-7细胞增殖呈时间和剂量依赖性。E2发挥最大作用的浓度为10^-8mol／L,最佳作用时间为24h,增殖率达18．6％（P〈0．01）;（2）TAM能显著抑制E2诱导的细胞增殖,浓度为10^-6mol／L时抑制效能最佳,抑制率达28．63％（P〈0．01）;（3）CAL也可明显抑制E2的细胞增殖效应,在CAL为10^-5mol／L时抑制率最高,达26．34％（P〈0．01）。比较CAL与TAM的细胞增抑制殖效能未见显著性差异。结论cANP抑制剂能有效抑制E2诱导的乳腺癌细胞增殖活动,因而以CANP作为乳腺癌治疗的候选药靶可能具有潜在的应用前景。     

Neural representation of phonological information during Chinese character reading

Previous studies have revealed that phonological processing of Chinese characters elicited activation in the left prefrontal cortex, bilateral parietal cortex, and occipitotemporal regions. However, it is controversial what role the left middle frontal gyrus plays in Chinese character reading, and whether the core regions (e.g., the left superior temporal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus) for phonological processing of alphabetic languages are also involved in Chinese character reading. To address these questions, the present study used both univariate and multivariate analysis (i.e., representational similarity analysis, RSA) to explore neural representations of phonological information during Chinese character reading. Participants were scanned while performing a reading aloud task. Univariate activation analysis revealed a widely distributed network for word reading, including the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, lateral temporal cortex, and occipitotemporal cortex. More importantly, RSA showed that the left prefrontal (i.e., the left middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus) and bilateral occipitotemporal areas (i.e., the left inferior and middle temporal gyrus and bilateral fusiform gyrus) represented phonological information of Chinese characters. These results confirmed the importance of the left middle frontal gyrus and regions in ventral pathway in representing phonological information of Chinese characters.     

Inhibitory effect of topiramate on Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis and its relation with AQP1 water channel

AIM: To study the effect of topiramate on tumor metastasis and its relation with aquaporin 1 (AQP1) water channel. METHODS: Lewis lung carcinoma metastatic model was used to determine the effect of topiramate on tumor growth and metastasis. Colorimetric estimation was used to investigate the action of topiramate on carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis were used to study the influence of topiramate on AQP1 water channel expression in lungs or tumor tissues of mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma.     

尼莫地平缓释胶囊相对生物利用度的研究

12例健康志愿者随机交叉口服进口尼莫地平普通片和尼莫地平缓释胶囊60mg后, 利用高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度并对其生物利用度进行了研究.尼莫地平缓释胶囊和进口片的T1/2分别为3.74±0.84 h和1.98 ± 0.59 h;Cmax分别为25.41±9.32mg·L-1和80.08±16.65 mg·L-1; Tmax分别为3.25±0.97 h和0.75±0.21 h; AUC分别为167.4±27.3 mg·h·L-1和 194.7 ± 29.7mg·h·L-1;缓释胶囊的相对生物利用度为87.07%±9. 19%.8 例健康志愿者随机交叉多剂量口服尼莫地平缓释胶囊(60 mg,bid) 和尼莫地平普通片(30 mg,qid),达稳态时测得峰浓度分别为25.81±7.12 mg·L-1 和 41.21±10.04 mg·L-1; 谷浓度分别为7.19±1.84 mg·L-1和5.59 ± 1. 62 mg·L-1;两者血药浓度的波动系数分别为1.12±0.16和1.51±0.17.     

儿科治疗药物监测技术的研究进展

治疗药物监测是临床药学工作的重要内容,在儿科临床医疗中发挥着重要的作用。近年来伴随着仪器科学的进步,大量新技术、新方法涌入到该领域中,使得监测品种逐渐增多,监测质量不断提高,极大地促进了治疗药物监测工作的发展。文中通过查阅国内外近期相关文献,考察儿科常见几种治疗药物监测技术的最新进展,并结合本院实践经验提出意见。     

Influence of the Addition of Dispersible Color Powder and Polyacrylic Emulsion on the Durability of Cement Mortar

Cement mortar can be colored using color additive technology to give colorful facades to the surfaces of buildings, and to beautify the environment. In this study, weight ratios of color powder/cement at 1:80, 1:40, and 1:27, and polyacrylic emulsion/cement at a ratio of 1:5 were added as pigments to cement mortar; the fresh properties, slump, slump flow, hardened properties, compressive strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, durability, surface electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of the colored cement mortar were then examined. The results showed that adding color powder/cement at 1:80 and polyacrylic emulsion/cement at 1:5 gives the best water/cement (W/C) ratio, which equals 0.5; this can effectively improve the hardness and durability of colored cement mortar. At 28 days of aging, the strength of the various colored cement mortars was maintained at 33.1–36.8 MPa. The acrylic-based emulsion significantly improved the flexural strength of the specimen. At 91 days of aging, all of the cement mortars exceeded the control group, with an anti-bay strength of 19.9–21.7 MPa, and the strength increased with aging. Adding appropriate amounts of inorganic color powder and mixing water can effectively enhance the fresh and hardened properties and durability of the colored cement mortar, while polyacrylic emulsion may significantly improve the test pieces and flexural strength, which increases with age. Moreover, natural α-Fe₂O₃ (rust layer) is formed on the surface of the colored cement mortar samples through the addition of inorganic color powder that contains Fe(III) ion; this prevents the intrusion of noxious ions and thus increases the durability. All of the test pieces of colored cement mortar in this study had a surface resistance of over 20 kΩ-cm on the seventh day of the test period, meaning good surface compactness. In addition, because the thermal conductivity of the added inorganic color powder was higher than that of cement, the thermal conductivity was significantly improved.     

Constructing Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Based on Carbon Nitride Nanosheets and Graphene Quantum Dots for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Although graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNs) with atomic thickness are considered as promising materials for hydrogen production, the wide band gap (3.06 eV) and rapid recombination of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs impede their applications. To address the above challenges, we synergized atomically thin CNs and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which were fabricated as 2D/0D Van der Waals heterojunctions, for H₂ generation in this study. The experimental characterizations indicated that the addition of GQDs to the π-conjugated system of CNs can expand the visible light absorption band. Additionally, the surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPV) confirmed that introducing GQDs into CNs can facilitate the transport of photoinduced carriers in the melon chain, thus suppressing the recombination of charge carriers in body. As a result, the H₂ production activity of the Van der Waals heterojunctions was 9.62 times higher than CNs. This study provides an effective strategy for designing metal-free Van der Waals hetero-structured photocatalysts with high photocatalytic activity.     

异种(牛)脱细胞真皮基质-游离空肠复合体构建实验研究

目的 研究异种(牛)脱细胞真皮基质-游离空肠复合体的构建技术,以期解决游离空肠移植重建长段气管术后肠腺分泌的问题。 方法 选择10只杂种犬,制备去上皮游离空肠段,将剪成合适大小的异种(牛)脱细胞真皮基质覆盖于游离空肠基底膜表面,并用覆膜镍钛合金支架支撑固定,将构建好的复合体移至腹膜外与腹部皮肤之间,分别于术后7 d、14 d、1个月、3个月和6个月后取出,查看复合体的生长情况。 结果 10只实验犬中,有1只因肠粘连和伤口感染死亡而未能完成实验,余9只实验犬术后存活良好。术后7 d、14 d肉眼观察和病理检查,在游离空肠内表面均见有异种(牛)脱细胞真皮基质成分,表面黏膜层可见部分鳞状上皮化生;术后1个月、3个月、6个月肉眼和病理检查均未再发现异种(牛)脱细胞真皮基质成分,游离空肠内表面几乎全部化生为复层鳞状上皮。 结论 合适大小的异种(牛)脱细胞真皮基质覆盖在去上皮游离空肠内表面,可以促进游离空肠内表面的鳞状上皮化生,抑制肠腺分泌。覆膜镍钛记忆合金支架有一定的弹性,可以很好的对异种(牛)脱细胞真皮基质-去上皮游离空肠复合体起到支撑固定作用。     

0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液治疗干眼症的实验研究

目的观察0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液对干眼症的治疗效果。方法将新西兰兔24只随机分为4组,空白组、阴性对照组、0.05%环孢素A滴眼液组、0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液组,每组6只。利用东莨菪碱诱导干眼模型,造模成功后开始实验干预:阴性对照组不予处理;0.05%环孢素A滴眼液组及0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液组分别给与相应滴眼液,3次/天,共持续28天。在干预第1、2、3、4周分别进行Schirmer I(SIT)试验、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色(CFS)检测。并于干预结束后光镜下观察结膜组织的病理学改变。结果与空白组相比,造模后各干预组泪液分泌量明显减少、泪膜破裂时间显著缩短(P<0.05)。与阴性对照组相比,干预后同时段0.05%环孢素A滴眼液组及0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液组泪液分泌量增加、泪膜破裂时间延长,干预第1周改善效果最为明显,且0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液组效果更为显著(P<0.05)。造模后结膜上皮结构紊乱,杯状细胞反应性增多、胞浆丰富,固有层炎性细胞浸润增多。0.05%环孢素A滴眼液组及0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液组干预4周后,结膜上皮形态排列结构趋于规则,杯状细胞数量减少、胞浆丰富,固有层炎性细胞浸润减少,且0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液干预效果更为显著。结论0.05%环孢素A纳米粒滴眼液能够有效改善干眼症状,且效果优于传统的0.05%环孢素A滴眼液。