输精管结扎兔睾丸IL-1与血浆睾酮变化的研究

为了探讨输精管结扎术后睾丸IL—1的活性、来源及其与睾酮变化的关系,同步检测了结扎6、25个月家兔辜丸匀浆上清IL—1活性和血浆睾酮含量,并进行了睾丸组织IL—lmRNA的原位杂交.结果表明:(1)睾丸组织匀浆上清IL-1活性以VG6为高,与SOG6比较有显著差异(P<0.01);(2)睾丸组织IL-1mRNA的原位杂交,VG6中IL-lmRNA的杂交信号明显强于其他各组,杂交信号主要分布在曲细精管内的 Sertoli细胞和生殖细胞,也见于间质中的某些细胞中;(3)血浆睾酮含量结扎术后6个月明显降低,与对照组比有显著差异(P<0.05),IL-1活性与血浆睾酮含量呈明显的负相关关系(r=-0.595,P<0.01).故推测,结扎早期睾丸炎症所引起的巨噬细胞活化和Sertoli细胞吞噬变性精子和残余体过程增强,可能是睾丸IL-1的主要来源.输精管结扎术后IL-1活性的一过性升高可能是睾酮含量下降的原因.IL-1可能作为旁分泌调节因子抑制Leydig细胞睾酮合成.     

Compatible leaching effect of Concha Ostreae and some commonly-used Chinese medicinal materials]

OBJECTIVE: Based on a study of Concha Ostreae, to provide some reference for the rational approach to leaching mineral drugs. METHOD: Taking the change rates of compatible leaching and value of A as targets, the compatible leaching effect of Concha Ostreae with Radix et Rhizoma Rhei Praeparata, Radix Scutellariae, Pollen Typhae and Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus was studied. RESULT: If Concha Ostreae and the above cited medicinal herbs are decocted together, the yield of extract may be reduced to a certain extent, but the target composition of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei Praeparata and Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus remains intact, only the content of Radix Scutellariae baicalin may be influenced. CONCLUSION: The relationship of technology with preparation must be taken into consideration when making choice of the proper way to leach Concha Ostreae.     

全肠外营养对早产儿营养、免疫功能及行为发育的影响

【目的】探讨全肠外营养(TPN)对早产儿营养、免疫功能及行为发育的影响。【方法】监测55例TPN治疗早产儿的营养状况、肝肾功能、血脂水平、免疫功能及矫正胎龄40周时行为发育情况，并与25例未行TPN的早产儿对照分析。【结果】TPN治疗组体重增长快、体重日增长及治疗后体重高于对照组，TPN治疗后血清蛋白、免疫球蛋白及补体水平升高，肝肾功能及血脂检查无明显异常，矫正胎龄40周时NBNA评分高于对照组。【结论】TPN能改善早产儿营养状况、促进免疫水平的提高和行为神经的发育，对早产儿的治疗有重要意义。     

海鞘类天然产物的临床研究进展

综述目前已进入临床研究阶段的海鞘类天然化合物ET-743．Didemnin B，Aplidine的研究进展。     

香菇多糖联合抗生素治疗恶性肿瘤围化疗期肺部感染120例临床观察

目的：本文观察香菇多糖对恶性肿瘤患者围化疗期肺部感染抗生素治疗的增效作用。方法：120例围化疗期发生肺部感染恶性肿瘤患者在接受抗生素治疗的同时，随机分成加用香菇多糖针和不加香菇多糖针静脉滴注两组。每组各60例。结果：接受抗生素及香菇多糖联合治疗的患者的有效率显著提高（P〈0．05）．临床症状、体征与X光胸部片改善时间大幅缩短。结论：香菇多糖对恶性肿瘤患者围化疗期肺部感染抗生素治疗有明显增效作用。     

浅析医院信息系统存在的问题与发展

本文作者根据工作经验，从不同方面总结了目前医院信息管理存在的弊端，同时论述了医院信息化系统建设在医院管理工作的重要性与发展趋势。     

压电免疫传感器两种抗体固定方法的比较研究

目的比较压电免疫传感器两种抗体固定方法的优劣,选择压电免疫传感器抗体敏感膜固定的最佳方法. 方法分别采用巯基化方法和蛋白A(SPA)固定法将抗人胰岛素单克隆抗体固定在压电免疫传感器金膜电极表面,比较不同抗体工作浓度、不同浓度标准溶液反应条件下抗体固定量、一致性以及传感器响应能力如频率变化、反应时间、检测线性范围以及反应非特异性等. 结果两种固定方法制备的压电免疫传感器其检测灵敏度、反应时间相当,但巯基化固定方法抗体固定量大、一致性好、检测线性范围较宽、非特异反应低. 结论抗体巯基化法制备的压电免疫传感器具有检测范围宽、非特异反应低等优点,是免疫传感器抗体敏感膜制备的理想方法.     

脑卒中患者吞咽障碍恢复不良影响因素的Meta分析

目的 系统分析脑卒中患者吞咽障碍恢复不良的影响因素。方法 系统检索中国知 网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase 数据库,收集 建库至 2022 年 12 月发表的脑卒中患者吞咽障碍恢复不良影响因素相关研究,使用 RevMan 5.4.1 软件 对纳入文献进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入 22 篇文献,4 248 例患者。Meta分析结果显示,年龄≥ 70 岁 （OR=1.53,95%CI：1.29～1.80）、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分≥ 8 分（OR=2.36,95%CI： 1.53～3.63）、改 良 Rankin 量 表（mRS）评 分 ＞ 0 分（OR=1.71,95%CI：1.40～2.09）、双 侧 卒 中（OR=4.85, 95%CI：2.62～8.97）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）水平≥3 mg/L（OR=3.70,95%CI：2.46～5.56）、认知障碍（OR=6.23, 95%CI：0.98～39.58）、误吸（OR=4.47,95%CI：3.28～6.11）、气管插管（OR=2.70,95%CI：1.58～4.63）是脑 卒中患者吞咽功能恢复不良的危险因素（P＜ 0.05）;体重指数＞ 18.5 kg/m2 （OR=0.76,95%CI：0.67～0.86）、 Barthel 指数（BI）＞ 60 分（OR=0.37,95%CI：0.22～0.62）、功能独立性测评（FIM）评分＞ 20 分（OR=0.96, 95%CI：0.94～0.99）是脑卒中患者吞咽功能恢复不良的保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论 高龄、高NIHSS评分、 双侧卒中、低体重指数、高 mRS 评分、低 BI、低 FIM 评分、高 LDL 水平、合并认知障碍、误吸、气管插管是 脑卒中患者吞咽障碍恢复不良的危险因素,临床可结合影响因素完善吞咽障碍患者的管理措施。     

Simplified Chinese Version of the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score in Evaluating Patients with Metastatic Spinal Tumor: A Cross‐Cultural Adaptation and Validation

ObjectiveTo translate the original English version of the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) into simplified Chinese, adapt it cross‐culturally, validate its psychometric properties in measuring spinal instability in patients with metastatic spinal tumors in the Chinese mainland, examine the reliability and validity to demonstrate its accuracy and applicability in clinical practice.MethodsPatients diagnosed with metastatic spinal disease between January 2016 and January 2020 were recruited. The number of participants was advised to be at least 50 for appropriate analysis of reliability, construct validity, as well as ceiling or floor effects, and recruitment of 100 patients was advised for internal consistency analysis. The study was conducted in two phases: first, the SINS was translated into simplified Chinese; second, the factor structure, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, validity, and floor and ceiling effects of the SC‐SINS were assessed. The internationally recognized cross‐cultural adaptation guidelines were followed. Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach''s alpha. Test–retest reliability was examined among the patients with a 4‐week interval. The validity of the Chinese version of SINS (SC‐SINS) was assessed by examining its relationship with Kostuik classification. Principal component analysis was conducted to confirm the factor structure of each subscale.ResultsA total of 160 participants (88 males and 72 females) were enrolled. No major difficulties occurred in the forward and backward translations of SINS. The internal consistency of SC‐SINS was excellent (Cronbach''s α =0.857, ranging from 0.68 to 0.85). Test–retest reliability was also excellent with a value of 0.89, ranging from 0.86 to 0.95. Validity analyses indicated that the SC‐SINS was positively and significantly correlated with Kostuik classification. The correlation between “Posterolateral Involvement of Spinal Elements” and “1‐2 Partial Damage” was the highest with a correlation value of 0.792. The correlation between “Pain” and “1–2 Partial Damage” was the lowest with a value of 0.341. All items showed principal component coefficients greater than 0.4. The values of Factor 1 ranged from 0.523 to 0.681; Factor 2 ranged from 0.591 to 0.731; Factor 3 ranged from 0.613 to 0.754; Factor 4 ranged from 0.461 to 0.711; Factor 5 ranged from 0.513 to 0.701; and Factor 6 ranged from 0.501 to 0.668. In addition, neither floor nor ceiling effects were seen in the SC‐SINS.ConclusionThe SC‐SINS demonstrated high internal consistency and test–retest reliability, which has been proven valid and reliable to measure spinal stability in patients from the Chinese mainland with metastatic spinal tumor.     

医疗器械生物学评价——实验动物保护要求

2006版“医疗器械生物学评价-动物保护要求“国际标准规定了在用于评价医疗器械的材料或医疗器械本身的生物相容性的动物试验中,爱护动物和使用动物的最基本要求.目的在于:为进行医疗器械生物学评价的委托者,设计者以及进行试验或从动物试验进行推测、评价的科研人员,提供尊重生命的通用性要求;也推荐并提供以下指南:促进今后进一步“减少(reduction)“应用动物全部的数量;“精致(refinement)“在动物中减少或除去痛苦或苦恼的试验方法;以及其他的合乎科学、有效的不需要动物的方法来“代替(replacement)“动物试验.该标准适用于在除人类之外的脊椎动物体上进行医疗器械或材料的生物相容性试验.