羟基磷灰石根管充填诱导根尖形成的临床研究

目的：探讨羟基磷灰石（hydroxyapatite,HA）诱导根尖形成的性能。方法：选择90例根尖未发育完成合并牙髓病或根尖病的年轻恒牙，分3组分别充填HA糊剂，氢氧化铝糊剂（Ca(OH)2)氧化锌丁香油糊剂（ZOE）诱导根尖形成于治疗后1年、2年随访评价临床疗效。结果：HA糊剂、Ca(OH)2糊剂、ZOE糊剂3组疗效无显著性差异。结论：HA糊剂充填根管具有诱导根尖形成的能力。     

RP-HPLC法测普鲁托品在大鼠体内分布和排泄

目的　用反相高效液相色谱法 (RP HPLC)测定大鼠的尿、粪、肝和脑等组织中普鲁托品 (protopine ,Pro)的药物浓度 ,并对Pro在大鼠体内的分布和排泄过程进行研究。方法　流动相为甲醇、水和体积分数 2 0mol·L- 1 乙酸 (80∶2 0∶2 ) ,以ODS C1 8柱分离 ,紫外检测器检测 ,波长为 2 85nm ,生物样品在碱性条件下 ,经两次乙醚处理 ,可获得良好的分离效果。为全面了解Pro在大鼠体内的代谢过程 ,给大鼠尾静脉注射Pro 1 0mg·kg- 1 后 ,测定不同时间各组织中Pro的含量。结果　静脉给药后 ,Pro快速分布到肺、肾、脾、脑、小肠、心脏、脂肪、睾丸、肝脏、胃壁及骨骼肌、以肺、肾、脾、脑、肠组织中药物浓度较高 ,尤以肺组织浓度最高。药后 3h各组织中药物浓度下降 ,但睾丸中仍维持较高浓度。实验还发现 ,药后 5min即可测得尿中有原形药 ,1 2h尿中累积排泄量为给药量的 30 .2 1 % ,48h尿中累积排泄量为给药量的 36 87%。原形药经胆汁及粪排泄量不足 1 %。药后 5min及 1 5min血浆蛋白结合率均低于 5 %。结论　普鲁托品在大鼠体内广泛分布 ,部分经尿排泄 ,血浆蛋白结合率低     

异丙酚对神经元缺氧损伤的保护及其作用机制

目的　研究异丙酚对离体大鼠海马神经元缺氧损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法　以原代培养的大鼠海马神经元作为研究对象 ,建立缺氧、H2 O2 和谷氨酸损伤模型 ,用MTT法测定神经元存活率。采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜动态监测缺氧前后 ,单个海马神经元内Ca2 + 浓度和线粒体膜电位 (△Ψm)的变化。用电子自旋共振技术测定异丙酚对羟基自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用。结果　 6～ 4 8mg·L-1浓度的异丙酚可明显降低神经元缺氧损伤时的细胞死亡率 (P <0 0 1) ,作用程度均呈剂量相关 (r =0 89,P <0 0 5 ) ;2 4～ 4 8mg·L-1浓度的异丙酚可明显降低H2 O2 损伤时的细胞死亡率 (P <0 0 1) ;12～ 4 8mg·L-1浓度的异丙酚可明显降低谷氨酸损伤时的细胞死亡率 (P <0 0 1)。 3～ 4 8mg·L-1异丙酚对缺氧诱发的细胞内钙离子超载有抑制作用(P <0 0 5 ) ;12、4 8mg·L-1异丙酚能减缓缺氧引起的△Ψm降低 (P <0 0 1)。 12、4 8mg·L-1异丙酚对羟基自由基的清除率分别为 17 1%和 2 1 1% ,但对超氧阴离子自由基无清除作用。结论　异丙酚对离体培养的大鼠海马神经元缺氧性损伤具有保护作用 ,其作用机制部分与异丙酚抑制缺氧引起的 [Ca2 + ]i 异常升高、抑制线粒体膜电位的下降和清除羟基自由基有关     

特异性鲎试剂分析甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液的细菌内毒素

目的　考察甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液进行细菌内毒素检查的可行性。方法　应用普通鲎试剂及特异性鲎试剂对样品进行内毒素的定性及定量检查。结果　甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液经 6倍稀释后对普通鲎试剂的细菌内毒素检查有明显的干扰作用 ,而对特异性鲎试剂无干扰作用 ;以特异性鲎试剂检查 6批样品其细菌内毒素含量均小于 15 0 0EU·L-1,凝胶法和动态浊度法鲎试验均证实了这一点。结论　必须应用特异性鲎试剂检查甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液中的细菌内毒素以排除其干扰作用     

Efficacy of preoperative intracavitary brachytherapy and surgery in patients with stage ⅠB2 and ⅡA bulky cervical cancer

Objective To analyze the outcomes of preoperative intracavitary brachytherapy plus sur-gery in patients with stage ⅠB2 and ⅡA bulky cervical cancer. Methods From January 2001 to January 2007, 77 patients with stage ⅠB2 and ⅡA bulky cervical cancer were included. The diameter of primary tumor was greater than 4 cm. Preoperative intracavitary brachytherapy with the total dose of 20-30 Gy (0.5 cm below the vaginal mucosa) was delivered by 2-3 fractions, one fraction per week. After an interval of 10-14 days, the efficacies of radiotherapy were evaluated and radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphade-nectomy was performed. Then the treatment complications, clinicopathological characteristics, survival and recurrence were analyzed. Results The tumor shrinkage was observed in all the patients after intracavitary brachytherapy. The CR, PR and SD were 5% (4/77), 36% (28/77) and 58% (45/77), respectively. Radical hysterectomy was successfully performed in all patients. The complications of the combined therapy were mild and only 5 patients had grade Ⅱ or less hematological or gastrointestinal toxicities. The 5-year o-verall survival rate and pelvic recurrence rate were 83% and 12%, respectively. Conclusions Preoperative intracavitary brachytherapy of 20-30 Gy plus surgery is effective in the treatment of stage ⅠB2 and ⅡA bulky cervical cancer without increasing the treatment complications.     

内抑素(endostatin)对移植大肠癌新生血管密度影响的动物实验研究

目的：探讨内皮细胞生长抑素（内抑素endostatin）对裸鼠大肠血管生成的影响及其作用机理，为endostatin的临床应用提供理论依据。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测肿瘤新生血管密度，对用药过程中瘤 体积进行测量，对endostatin抑制肿瘤的效果进行分析。结果：endostatin能够抑制裸鼠大肠癌肿瘤血管生成，减轻肿瘤的血管密度。结论：endostatin通过抑制血管形成抑制肿瘤的生长。     

甲状腺功能对磺胺嘧啶在大鼠体内药动学的影响

目的: 测定不同甲状腺功能状态时大鼠血液中磺胺嘧啶钠(SD)的浓度,研究甲状腺功能状态对其药代动力学的影响.方法: 采用分光光度计比色法测定技术.结果: 甲亢组大鼠磺胺嘧啶在体内消除加速,峰浓度下降,AUC减少,消除t1/2缩短.甲减组大鼠则消除减慢,峰浓度增高,AUC增大,消除t1/2延长.结论: 甲状腺功能提高时,大鼠对磺胺嘧啶的代谢能力明显增加,消除加速;而甲状腺功能降低则相反.     

中药银杏叶提取物治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床研究

中药银杏叶提取物的主要成分是总黄酮与内脂。我们使用4家药厂制作的3种制剂（含量相等）来治疗冠心病心绞痛，通过观察346例患者服药4周后心绞痛的发作变化，加用相关药物的减停情况，以及心电图ST变化等指标，综合评估银杏叶提取物的临床疗效。结果：其症状总有效率为91．33％，心电图总有效率为73．99％，未见毒副反应。说明银杏叶提取物对心绞痛有良效。     

HPLC法测定黄芪炮制品中黄芪甲甙含量

建立了测定黄芪甲甙的ＨＰＬＣ法，采用Ｃ_１８柱，流动相为乙腈水（１∶２．３），检测波长为２０３ｎｍ。用此法对黄芪６种炮制品中黄芪甲甙的含量进行了对比研究。     

Salbutamol or mist in acute bronchiolitis

Abstract Background : The role of bronchodilators in the treatment of bronchiolitis remains controversial.
Methods : A double-blind, placebo controlled trial was performed to evaluate the clinical response to nebulized salbutamol. One hundred and fifty-six infants aged between 7 weeks and 24 months who had had an episode of wheezing and other signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis were randomized to three groups as follows: (i) nebulized salbutamol was administered to 52 patients in group I at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg in 2 mL saline; (ii) saline was nebulized to 52 patients in group II and (iii) in group III 52 patients received mist in a tent. All three groups were administered oxygen during the procedures. Treatment was repeated with the same agent after 30 min if the respiratory score was 5 or more. Respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation and presence of cyanosis, wheezing, retractions were recorded before and after each treatment.
Results : The decrease in the respiratory score was 5.2 ± 1.8, 0.82 ± 2.4 and 1.7 ± 1.3 in group I, II and III, respectively. The decrease in group I was significantly higher than in the other groups. Heart rate was similar between groups. Oxygen saturation decreased in group I without reaching statistical significance.
Conclusions: Salbutamol was shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis.