不同腔内方法治疗膀胱结石的疗效观察

目的：研究Punch碎石钳碎石和U100激光碎石治疗膀胱结石的安全性及有效性，并进一步比较两种碎石方法的有效性差异。方法：回顾性分析82例膀胱结石患者临床资料，其中Punch碎石钳碎石43例，U100激光碎石39例。结果：碎石成功率U100激光组（97．2％）较碎石钳组（62．8％）显著性增高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。直径在2．5cm以上结石，U100激光组较碎石钳组碎石效率及成功率均明显增高，差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：对直径1．5cm以下结石，Punch碎石钳与U-100激光在碎石效果方面差异无统计学意义。对直径2．5cm以上结石，推荐首选U-100激光。U100激光碎石联合TURP是治疗BPH并膀胱结石的安全、有效的方法。     

原代成纤维细胞和纤维肉瘤细胞自分泌转化生长因子β1浓度检测及对转化生长因子β1增殖的调节

背景：体外实验常采用外源性转化生长因子β1刺激来观察细胞增殖变化，易忽略细胞本身自分泌转化生长因子β1的影响。 目的：检测原代成纤维细胞和纤维肉瘤细胞(L929)自分泌转化生长因子β1的浓度和细胞增殖的变化。 方法： Elisa试剂盒检测原代成纤维细胞和纤维肉瘤细胞各时相点细胞内和培养上清中生长转化因子β1水平。 结果与结论：纤维肉瘤细胞内转化生长因子β1浓度随培养时间延长而升高，原代成纤维细胞内转化生长因子β1浓度随培养时间延长而降低；两种细胞培养上清转化生长因子β1浓度均随时间而上升，但纤维肉瘤细胞显著高于原代成纤维细胞 (P < 0.01)，峰值时达到原代成纤维细胞的20倍；两种细胞增殖曲线在72 h内均随时间而显著增高(P < 0.01)，同一时间点比较，纤维肉瘤细胞明显高于原代成纤维细胞。提示自分泌转化生长因子β1具有促进细胞增殖的作用，不同的自分泌水平可能是影响原代成纤维细胞这种正常细胞和纤维肉瘤细胞肿瘤细胞对于外源转化生长因子β1反应不同的重要原因。     

色彩在护理管理中的运用

南丁格尔曾说过"自然能够治病,我们必须借助自然的作用,在一座医院建筑的设计中首先要满足的条件就是符合其用途,实用是美学的基础".由于医院风格形成的种种历史原因的影响,奠定了医院白色的色彩基调.如今,人们对色彩的认知水平随着生活水平提高而提高,以单调的白色代表医院的神圣纯洁已经不能满足现代人视觉体验,反而带来冷漠恐惧的感受.最新的研究结果表明,人类对事物的辨认首先是色彩的感觉,其后是对于形的辨认[1].如青、蓝、紫色等给人冷的感觉,红、橙、黄色则带有暖感,寒病病人则宜于暖色调环境[2].因此,色彩在护理管理中有很大的应用价值.     

Prognostic value of PRL-3 overexpression in early stages of colonic cancer

Aims:  High expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL-3) has been implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis, indicating a close link between PRL-3 and cancer development. The aim was to investigate the significance of PRL-3 expression in the prognosis of colonic cancer.
Methods and results:  Expression of PRL-3 protein in tissue slides obtained from surgical resection of primary colonic cancer was measured by immunohistochemistry using a specific anti-PRL-3 monoclonal antibody. Archived tissue specimens from 273 colonic cancers and 236 matched specimens of adjacent normal colonic mucosa with a median follow-up of 57 months were examined. Multivariate analysis showed that PRL-3 was an independent prognostic marker for disease-free survival [DFS; hazard ratio (HR) 1.538, P  = 0.035]. More importantly, the expression of PRL-3 showed significant negative correlation with DFS ( P  = 0.018) in patients in the early stages (stage I and II). Patients with high levels of PRL-3 expression in the adjacent normal mucosa also had a significant worse survival rate (DFS 0.0% versus 74.4%, P  = 0.001), and PRL-3 expression remained an independent prognostic marker for DFS (HR 3.0, 95% confidence interval 1.7, 5.3, P  < 0.001).
Conclusions:  PRL-3 may predict poor survival and act as a promising biomarker for individualized therapy for patients with colonic cancer, especially for those diagnosed at an early stage.     

Prevalence and characteristics of psoriatic arthritis in Chinese patients with psoriasis

Background The prevalence and clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in patients with psoriasis vary widely in different countries and studies on Chinese population are rarely reported. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of PsA in a Chinese population of patients with psoriasis. Methods A large cross‐sectional observational study was conducted in our outpatient dermatology department and consecutive psoriatic patients were evaluated for PsA according to Classification of Psoriatic arthritis (CASPAR) criteria. Demographic and medical parameters were recorded. Results Among 1928 patients with psoriasis, 112 patients (5.8%) had PsA, of which 92% was newly diagnosed. Oligoarthritis (48.2%) was the most common manifestation pattern, followed by spondylitis (26.8%), polyarthritis (19.6%) and classic distal interphalangeal (DIP) arthritis (5.4%). Enthesitis was present in 26.8% and dactylitis in 13.4% of the patients. Compared with patients without PsA, patients with PsA had more severe skin disease (mean PASI 9.7 vs. 6.0), higher frequency of nail changes (46.4% vs. 21.0%) and scalp involvement (90.2% vs. 76.4%). Conclusion The findings are consistent with a low prevalence of PsA among patients with psoriasis in Asia and confirm a high percentage of undiagnosed cases with active arthritis among PsA patients in dermatologist’s office. Dermatologists should screen for PsA in their patients, especially those with risk characteristics and early signs.     

Hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D resistant rickets due to a mutation causing multiple defects in vitamin D receptor function

Hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the vitamin D receptor (VDR). We studied a young Saudi Arabian girl who exhibited the typical clinical features of HVDRR, but without alopecia. Analysis of her VDR gene revealed a homozygous T to C mutation in exon 7 that changed isoleucine to threonine at amino acid 268 (I268T). From crystallographic studies of the VDR ligand-binding domain, I268 directly interacts with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)] and is involved in the hydrophobic stabilization of helix H12. We recreated the I268T mutation and analyzed its effects on VDR function. In ligand binding assays, the I268T mutant VDR exhibited an approximately 5- to 10-fold lower affinity for [(3)H]1,25(OH)(2)D(3) compared with the wild-type (WT) VDR. The I268T mutant required approximately a 65-fold higher concentration of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) to be equipotent in gene transactivation. Both retinoid X receptor heterodimerization and coactivator binding were reduced in the I268T mutant. Analogs of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) have been proposed as potential therapeutics for patients with HVDRR. Interestingly, in protease sensitivity assays, treatment with the potent vitamin D analog, 20-epi-1,25(OH)(2)D(3), stabilized I268T mutant proteolytic fragments better than 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). Moreover, 20-epi-1,25(OH)(2)D(3) restored transactivation of the I268T mutant to levels exhibited by WT VDR treated with 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). In conclusion, we describe a novel mutation, I268T, in the VDR ligand-binding domain that alters ligand binding, retinoid X receptor heterodimerization, and coactivator binding. These combined defects in VDR function cause resistance to 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) action and result in the syndrome of HVDRR.     

血水草杀螺成分-血水草生物碱(ECA)的提取

目的 从血水草中提取杀螺有效成分—血水草生物碱(ECA)。方法 采用70％乙醇渗漉提取，用减压浓缩、酸解、盐析等方法纯化，提取ECA原粉。结果 ECA原粉的提取率为1.009％．结论 本提取方法可靠，设备及工艺流程简单，提取条件易控制，且成本低，便于开发应用。     

未发现多囊样卵巢的多囊卵巢综合征的临床特征

选择2004年9月至2006年10月在本中心就诊的多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者876例,根据B超检查分为两组:多囊样卵巢组800例,无多囊样卵巢组76例.结果 发现无多囊样卵巢组多毛评分、睾酬、胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白明显高于多囊样卵巢组,差异有统计学意义.无多囊样卵巢组一级亲属中糖尿病、高血压病史的患病率明显增高.     

辣椒素对胃动力的影响及其机制

辣椒素(capsaicin,CAP)药理作用广泛,其对胃动力的影响已引起消化学者的关注.多数研究认为小剂量的CAP可促进胃动力,一定剂量范围的CAP可调节胃动力,而大剂量CAP对胃动力可能有抑制作用.CAP对胃动力的作用机制可能与CAP受体(vanilloid receptor subtype l,VRl)、P物质(SP)、乙酰胆碱、神经激肽A、生长激素释放肽和钙离子等有关.CAP可能成为一种有前景的胃动力新药.     

Isolation and biological analysis of tumor stem cells from pancreatic adenocarcinoma

AIM： To explore the method of isolation and biological analysis of tumor stem cells from pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line PANC-1. METHODS： The PANC-1 cells were cultured in Dulbecco modified eagle medium F12 （1：1 volume） （DMEM-F12） supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum （FBS）. Subpopulation cells with properties of tumor stem cells were isolated from pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line PANC-1 according to the cell surface markers CD44 and CD24 by flow cytometry. The proliferative capability of these cells in vitro were estimated by 3-[4,5-dimehyl-2-thiazolyl]-2, 5-diphenyl- 2H-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） method. And the tumor growth of different subpopulation cells which were injected into the hypodermisof right and left armpit of nude mice was studied, and expression of CD44 and CD24 of the CD44^＋CD24^＋ cell-formed nodules and PANC-1 cells were detected by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex （ABC） immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS： The 5.1%-17.5% of sorted PANC-1 cells expressed the cell surface marker CD44, 57.8% -70.1% expressed CD24, only 2.1%-3.5% of cells were CD44^＋ CD24^＋. Compared with CD44-CD24- cells, CD44^＋CD24^＋ cells had a lower growth rate in vitro. Implantation of 104 CD44 CD24 cells in nude mice showed no evidenttumor growth at wk 12. In contrast, large tumors were found in nude mice implanted with 103 CD44^＋CD24^＋ cells at wk 4 （2/8）, a 20-fold increase in tumorigenic potential （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. There was no obvious histological difference between the cells of the CD44^＋CD24^＋ cell-formed nodules and PANC-1 cells. CONCLUSION： CD44 and CD24 may be used as the cell surface markers for isolation of pancreatic cancer stem cells from pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line PANC-1. Subpopulation cells CD44^＋CD24^＋ have properties of tumor stem cells. Because cancer stem cells are thought to be responsible for tumor initiation and its recurrence after an initial response to chemotherapy, it may be a very promising target for new dr