pH Sensitivity of non-synaptic field bursts in the dentate gyrus

Under conditions of low [Ca(2+)](o) and high [K(+)](o), the rat dentate granule cell layer in vitro develops recurrent spontaneous prolonged field bursts that resemble an in vivo phenomenon called maximal dentate activation. To understand how pH changes in vivo might affect this phenomenon, the slices were exposed to different extracellular pH environments in vitro. The field bursts were highly sensitive to extracellular pH over the range 7.0-7.6 and were suppressed at low pH and enhanced at high pH. Granule cell resting membrane potential, action potentials, and postsynaptic potentials were not significantly altered by pH changes within the range that suppressed the bursts. The pH sensitivity of the bursts was not altered by pharmacologic blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), non-NMDA, and GABA(A) receptors at concentrations of these agents sufficient to eliminate both spontaneous and evoked synaptic potentials. Gap junction patency is known to be sensitive to pH, and agents that block gap junctions, including octanol, oleamide, and carbenoxolone, blocked the prolonged field bursts in a manner similar to low pH. Perfusion with gap junction blockers or acidic pH suppressed field bursts but did not block spontaneous firing of single and multiple units, including burst firing. These data suggest that the pH sensitivity of seizures and epileptiform phenomena in vivo may be mediated in large part through mechanisms other than suppression of NMDA-mediated or other excitatory synaptic transmission. Alterations in electrotonic coupling via gap junctions, affecting field synchronization, may be one such process.     

胸腰段后髓动脉的起源及其临床意义

目的:为选择性脊髓血管造影和椎管内显微外科提供解剖学资料。方法:采用尸体标本30例,于节段性动脉内逐一注入红色乳胶,在完整脊髓上解剖观察。结果:每例脊髓胸腰段的后髓动脉数目5～13支,平均8.4支。后髓动脉起始情况分3型10亚型,其中后髓动脉与前髓动脉由同一肋间后动脉发出仅34支(13.5％)。胸下部及腰部后髓动脉呈典型“发卡”样折曲。后髓动脉平均外径0.37±0.12mm。约1/3标本在T_(11)～L_3间有1支后髓动脉较粗(>0.5mm),它是脊髓后下部血供的主要来源。结论:多数后髓动脉单独起始,较大的后髓动脉应引起注意。     

抗轮状病毒卵黄免疫球蛋白的蛋白酶水解及被动免…

用婴幼儿轮状病毒抗原免疫产卵母鸡，制备出抗婴幼儿轮状病毒鸡卵黄免疫球蛋白（抗－ＨＲＶＩｇＹ）同时研究抗－ＨＲＶＩｇＹ的抗人类胃酸屏障能力，抗消化道蛋白酶的酶解以及临床使用的安全性和效果，研究结果表明：抗－ＨＲＶＩｇＹ具有一定的抗胃酸屏障能力和抗消化道蛋白酶酶解作用，抗－ＨＲＶＩｇＹ安全无毒，对婴幼儿轮状病毒感染具有被动免疫保护作用。     

Bronchial epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma

Epithelial-myoepithelial tumor is extremely rare as a pulmonary neoplasm. Only 20 cases have been reported to date, of which 14 were malignant. We report a case of intrabronchial epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma in a 73-year-old man with a history of heavy smoking. The tumor was well-circumscribed and caused distal airway obstruction. Histologically, the tumor showed glandular and solid architecture. The glands were composed of an inner layer of epithelial cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells. The solid areas consisted of spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for p53 and c-Kit (CD117). Focal atypia and increased mitotic activity were present, but no vascular invasion or nodal metastasis was identified.     

Impact of Dissection after Drug-Coated Balloon Treatment of De Novo Coronary Lesions: Angiographic and Clinical Outcomes

PurposeDissection after plain balloon angioplasty is required to achieve adequate luminal area; however, it is associated with a high risk of vascular events. This study aimed to examine the relationship between non-flow limiting coronary dissections and subsequent lumen loss and long-term clinical outcomes following successful drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment of de novo coronary lesions.Materials and MethodsA total of 227 patients with good distal flow (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade 3) following DCB treatment were retrospectively enrolled and stratified according to the presence or absence of a non-flow limiting dissection. The primary endpoint was late lumen loss (LLL) at 6-month angiography, and the secondary endpoint was target vessel failure (TVF, a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and target vessel thrombosis).ResultsThe cohort consisted of 95 patients with and 132 patients without a dissection. There were no between-group differences in LLL (90.8%) returning for angiography at 6 months (0.05±0.19 mm in non-dissection and 0.05±0.30 mm in dissection group, p=0.886) or in TVF (6.8% in non-dissection and 8.4% in dissection group, p=0.799) at a median follow-up of 3.4 years. In a multivariate analysis, the presence of dissection and its severity were not associated with LLL or TVF. Almost dissections (93.9%) were completely healed, and there was no newly developed dissection at 6-month angiography.ConclusionThe presence of a dissection following successful DCB treatment of a de novo coronary lesion may not be associated with an increased risk of LLL or TVF (Impact of Drug-coated Balloon Treatment in de Novo Coronary Lesion; {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT04619277","term_id":"NCT04619277"}}NCT04619277).     

糖尿病患者膳食营养分析

目的 :探讨糖尿病患者膳食营养状况 ,提出改善糖尿病患者膳食结构的策略。方法 :对 2 2 5例糖尿病患者连续调查 3天膳食供给情况 ,建立数据库输入计算机 ,用SPSS软件进行分析。结果 :热能摄入量不符合要求者占77 3% ;蛋白质供给量不足者占患者总数的 75 6% ;47 6%的糖尿病患者脂肪摄入量超过标准 ;5 5 1%的糖尿病患者碳水化合物的摄入量不符合要求 ;膳食纤维摄入不足者占患者总数的 94 2 % ;维生素和无机盐中 ,除铁、核黄素和抗坏血酸供给量尚可 ,其余均不足。结论 :糖尿病患者膳食是不合理的 ,必须按照膳食治疗方案调节膳食     

端粒酶及nm23的表达与胃腺癌预后的关系探讨

目的 :探讨端粒酶和nm2 3癌基因蛋白表达与胃癌根治术后复发及预后的关系。方法 :采用端粒酶原位分子杂交技术及免疫组化S P法分别对 4 5例原发性胃腺癌组织中端粒酶的活性及nm2 3进行检测 ,并结合内镜及随访资料进行分析。结果 :胃腺癌端粒酶阳性表达率及nm2 3低表达率在有淋巴结转移组显著高于无淋巴结转移组 ;在术后 5年内复发者中显著高于无复发者。虽然随着胃腺癌分化程度的降低及浸润深度的增加 ,端粒酶活性及nm2 3低表达呈增强趋势 ,但其差异无统计学意义。结论 :胃腺癌组织中端粒酶的活性表达及nm2 3的低表达与淋巴结转移及术后复发显著相关 ,两者的表达变化对判断胃癌术后复发及预后判断有重要临床意义     

Safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound neurosurgery for Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

Neurosurgical Review - Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) neurosurgery is a new option for medication-resistant Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its safety and...     

Minority Race and Ethnicity is Associated With Higher Complication Rates After Revision Surgery for Failed Total Hip and Knee Joint Arthroplasty

BackgroundRacial and ethnic disparities in access to hip and knee total joint arthroplasty (TJA) and postoperative outcomes have wide-reaching implications for patients and the health care system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ethnicity on clinical outcomes and complications following revision hip and knee TJA.MethodsA single-institution, retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of 4424 revision hip and knee TJA patients was evaluated. Student’s t-test and chi-squared analysis were used to identify significant differences in patient demographics and clinical outcomes between Caucasians and various ethnic minorities, including African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians.ResultsWhen compared with white patients, African American patients demonstrated a significantly higher BMI (P = .04), ASA score (P = .04), length of hospital stay (P = .06), and postoperative infection rates (P = .04). Hispanics demonstrated a significantly higher BMI (P = .04), when compared with white patients, alongside a significantly higher risk for postoperative infection (P < .01). African American demonstrated a significantly higher ASA score (P = .02; P = .03), when compared with Hispanics and Asians, alongside a significantly increased length of stay (P = .01) and higher risk for postoperative infection (P = .02).ConclusionThe study findings demonstrate an underutilization of revision TJA by ethnic minority groups, suggesting that disparities in access to orthopedic surgery increase from primary to revision surgery despite higher failure rates of minority ethnic groups reported after primary TJA surgery. In addition, inferior postoperative outcomes were associated with African Americans and Hispanics, when compared to white patients, with African Americans demonstrating the highest risk of postoperative complications.