小鼠细胞外基质与颗粒子宫腺细胞发育的关系

采用免疫组织化学ＬＳＡＢ法对妊娠小鼠胎盘进行研究，显示Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ型胶原蛋白，纤维粘连蛋白及层粘连蛋白的分布及其在妊娠过程中的变动情况，从而了解细胞外基质与颗粒子宫腺细胞（ＧＭＧ细胞）的关系。结果表明，妊娠１６天左右大部分细胞外基质在子宫腺细胞区出现高峰，这一时期正是ＧＭＧ细胞数量最多而且分化最为成熟的时期。这一结果提示：细胞外基质与ＧＭＧ细胞增殖及分化等方面关系密切。     

低氧对大白鼠放射性肺损伤的防护作用

观察低氧对大白鼠肺放射损伤的防护效果。动物雌雄等比例分成单照组、低氧对照组和空白对照组。照射剂量为４０５０ｃＧｙ／９次／３周，照射结束后第７和第１２０天测肺组织脂质过氧化物中间产物丙二醛含量并进行超微结构观察。结果，３组丙二醛含量均值分别为１１０．９１ｎｍｏｌ／ｇ，８２．９６／ｎｍｏｌ／ｇ，８０．４ｎｍｏｌ／ｇ，经Ｆ检验３组间有显著差异，两两比较单照组与低氧组有显著差异。形态学上、毛细血管和肺泡Ⅱ型细胞损伤程度，早、晚期低氧组均较单照组轻     

Genetic Complementation of the Immortal Phenotype in Group D Cell Lines by Introduction of Chromosome 7

Human immortal cell lines have been classified into at least four (A–D) genetic complementation groups by cell-cell hybrid analysis, i.e., a hybrid derived from different groups becomes mortal. Recently we have demonstrated that introduction of human chromosome 7 suppresses indefinite division potential in the non-tumorigenic human immortalized fibroblast lines KMST-6 and SUSM-1, both assigned to complementation group D. By extending our microcell-mediated chromosome transfer, we found that chromosome 7 also suppresses division potential in the human hepatoma line HepG2 (again, assigned to group D). Chromosome 7 was thus shown to suppress indefinite growth in the above group D cell lines irrespective of their cell types, or whether they are tumorigenic or not. Since chromosome 7 had no such effect on representative cell lines derived from complementation group A, B or C, these results indicate that the senescence gene(s) commonly mutated in the group D cell lines is located on chromosome 7.     

Prevention by Methionine of Enhancement of Hepatocarcinogenesis by Coadministration of a Choline-deficient L-Amino Acid-defined Diet and Ethionine in Rats

The effects of methionine on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by Coadministration of a choline-deflcient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet and ethionine were examined. F344 male rats were divided into 4 experimental groups. Groups 1 and 2 received the CDAA diet and a choline-supplemented L-amino acid-defined (CSAA) diet, respectively. Group 3 received the CDAA diet containing 0.05% ethionine, and group 4 the CDAA diet containing 0.05% ethionine and 0.47% methionine. Animals were killed after 12 weeks of treatment. Histologically, the CDAA diet induced intracellular fat accumulation and foci. In contrast, ethionine caused not only foci, but also hyperplastic nodules, cholangiofibrosis and the proliferation of oval cells without such fat accumulation. Methionine abolished the development of all of the liver lesions induced by Coadministration of the CDAA diet and ethionine. To investigate the effects of methionine on induction of c- myc and c-Ha- ras expression, as well as generation of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHGua) and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), by Coadministration of the CDAA diet and ethionine, subgroups of 3 to 5 animals were killed at 2, 4, 8 or 11 days after the beginning of the experiment. Coadministration of the CDAA diet and ethionine markedly enhanced the level of expression of c- myc and c-Ha- ras , 8-OHGua formation and TBARS generation as compared with the CDAA or CSAA diet within 11 days, and methionine blocked these actions. These results indicate that addition of methionine prevents the induction of c- myc and c-Ha- ras expression, 8-OHGua formation and TBARS generation, as well as hepatocellular lesions, by Coadministration of the CDAA diet and ethionine in rats, and suggest a possible involvement of oxidative stress and gene expression in hepatocarcinogenesis by these agents.     

妊娠期肝内胆汁瘀积症红细胞膜ATP酶及离子变化

测定２４例正常未孕妇女，３８例正常孕妇及３４例妊娠期肝内胆汁瘀积症患者细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶活力和红细胞内离子浓度。结果ＩＣＰ患者红细胞膜Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋ＡＴＰ酶、Ｃａ＾＋＋ＡＴＰ酶及Ｍｇ＾＋＋ＡＴＰ酶活力明显低于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＩＣＰ患者红细胞内Ｎａ＾＋，Ｃａ＋＋明显高于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

供瘤动脉栓塞并瘤内硬化剂注射治疗颌面部血管畸形

１９９０年１１月～１９９３年１１月采用选择性供瘤动脉栓塞加瘤内消痔灵注射治疗颌面部大型海绵状血管瘤和蔓状血管瘤３０例，随访６个月～３年，２７例治愈。治疗失败、自动放弃治疗和因并发症死亡各１例。并就其机制、适应证、并发症的预防及复发问题等进行讨论。     

豚鼠耳蜗外毛细胞的共聚焦图像

建立了用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察豚鼠耳蜗外毛细胞生理变化及细胞形态的方法。以荧光染料Ｆｌｕｏ－３作胞内Ｃａ￣（２＋）指示剂，用共聚焦显微镜观察了乙酰胆碱（ＡＣｈ）、ＡＴＰ、高钾引起的外毛细胞（ＯＨＣ）胞内Ｃａ￣（２＋）浓度的变化。三种物质均引起Ｃａ￣（２＋）升高，但升高的幅度、时相及所在细胞部位不同。高钾还引起ＯＨＣ短缩、偏折。利用共聚焦显微镜“光学切片”的特性，对Ｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｉｎ荧光素染色的活的ＯＨＣ形态及碘化吡啶（ＰＩ）染色的细胞核形态进行了三维重建。讨论了共聚焦显微镜在ＯＨＣ生理及形态学研究中的应用前景。     

2468例阴道镜检查与病理学诊断结果分析

用阴道镜活检２４６８例妇科门诊患者，在异常阴道镜图像中，白色上皮、腺口白环、白斑、点状血管、异形血管、镶嵌、明显癌及非典型增生的检出率分别为５．６％、１０．４％、１６．０％、１６．０％、１７．４％、２０．３％和７９．２％。腺口白环的癌及非典型增生的检出率为１０．４％。阴道细胞涂片中的Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ级涂片中癌的检出率分别为２１．７％、６５．５％和９２％。涂片的级别与异常阴道镜图像有明显的关系。     

连续切片的计算机三维重建及立体视觉

本文利用计算机三维重建技术重建颞骨连续切片,恢复其内结构如迷路、面神经、鼓索神经、听骨链、肌腱等的原有三维形态,通过调色、移去部分结构、旋转使结构间关系更清晰。应用立体镜及立体图对方法产生重建结构的立体影像,强化了对所研究结构的三维形态及其空间关系的理解。结果证明此方法是形态学、体视学、计算机科学综合所形成的一个新的有力的解剖工具。     

激光扫描共聚焦显微镜的原理与生物学应用

激光扫描共聚焦显微镜在光学显微镜基础上结合了激光和计算机图象处理技术，把光学显微镜的分辨率提高了３０－４０％，其光学切片性能使观察组织、细胞的三维结构成为可能。本文简要介绍了共聚焦显微镜的历史和成象原理，着重介绍了其在生物学领域的应用，如样品的三维定量测量及活细胞的动态信号监测，并结合新兴的光生物学技术，如光镊、笼锁化合物的解笼锁、细胞分选、光漂白后的荧光恢复，探讨了激光共聚焦显微镜在激光细胞生物学的应用前景