A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE ACTION OF MALE HOR MONE ON HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN-CHOLESTEROL

Plasma testosterone and estradiol are determined in 72 patients with abnormal high density lipoprotein. cholesterol (HDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol (H/T) ratio values, and in 72 randomly chosen males with normal HDLC and H/T values. The results showed that plasma testosterone levels in the groups with abnormal HDL-C and H/T were obviously lower than those in the controls. Statistically significant differences were found in all the abnormal groups in comparison with the controls (P0.20). Testosterone levels lowered further with increasing age in the groups with abnormal HDL-C and H/T., the most obvious drops were in the groups around 56 years of age (P<0.005). The data indicate that male hormone deficiency may reduce HDL-C and H.'T and facilitate the process of atherosclero_is. Therefore, it seems rational to treat such patients with male sex hormone preparations or to use the traditional Chinese medicines which strengthen Yang (maleness) in a new attempt to treat and prevent CHD.     

四种口服头孢菌素的体外抗菌活性的比较研究

本文报道口服Cefixime对900株需氧菌和厌氧菌的体外抗菌作用,并与其它口服的头孢克罗、头孢羟氨苄和头孢氨苄进行了比较。Cefixime对链球菌具较强作用,但对葡萄球菌的作用较差;对肠球菌无效。对肠杆菌科细菌的抗菌活性四者之中以Cefixime最强。Cefixime对头孢氨苄耐药株仍具高度活性,其MIC均值可降低60～1200倍以上。绿脓杆菌、硝酸盐阴性杆菌、鲁氏不动杆菌和产碱杆菌对Cefixime和其它3种头孢菌素的敏感性均较差。四者对厌氧菌的作用除厌氧球菌外其抗菌活性都很弱。Cefixime对β-内酰胺酶稳定,口服吸收良好,抗菌作用强,是一个值得进行临床研究的口服头孢菌素。     

A novel DRB1*09 allelic sequence in the Jing ethnic minority of China.

A new DRB1 allele, DRB1*0902, has been identified in an individual of the Jing ethnic minority. Its sequence was confirmed by sequencing of PCR products and clones. This allele differed by three nucleotides from DRB1*09012 at positions 157, 161 and 166, and resulted in amino acid motif substitution from VAES to DAEY.     

Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the meniscus

The meniscus is no longer considered the evolutionary remnant in the knee joint.Rather, it is now well established as an important structure that is integral to the complex biomechanics and proper functioning of the knee. The medial and lateral menisci form two crescent-shaped wedges of fibrocartilage between the femoral condyles and tibial plateaus.The knee joint biomechanics are based on a complex interaction of these intra-articular structures. The functions ascribed to the menisci include load transmission, shock absorption, stability, proprioception, joint lubrication, and joint nutrition. Load transmission generally is accepted as one of its primary functions. The menisci transmit a portion of the axial forces across the knee joint by converting this load into “hoop stresses.” This is accomplished by their unique shape, composition, and anatomic attachments. The menisci are relatively mobile structures and their motion during knee flexion also is determined by their shape and soft tissue attachments/constraints. Preservation of the meniscal functions is essential, and the authors review the basic anatomic and biomechanical concepts necessary to understand techniques for repair and restoration of these functions.     

同型半胱氨酸对胚胎海马神经元细胞的影响

目的 观察同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine，HCY)对海马神经元细胞分化和增殖的作用机理。方法 采用大鼠胚胎海马神经元细胞进行体外培养。观察不同浓度的HCY(0．01、0．1、1．0、10．0、100．0)mmol／L对细胞分化和增殖的影响。结果 随着剂量的增加．同型半胱氨酸对胚胎海马神经元细胞分化和增殖具有抑制作用，并用流式细胞术分析证明对脂质过氧化(LPO)的影响而使得神经元蛋白质含量增高。结论 同型半胱氨酸可抑制胚胎海马神经元细胞分化和增殖的影响，HCY可能在导致神经管畸形的过程起着重要作用。     

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. A report of 18 cases with stage IE disease.

During a 26-year period (1961-1987), a total of 18 patients with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity received radiation therapy at (University of California at Los Angeles) UCLA Medical Center. At the time of diagnosis and using the available diagnostic methods, none of these patients had clinically detectable disease beyond the paranasal sinuses. All 18 patients were staged IE by the Ann-Arbor system. When the patients were staged according to the AJC staging system from epithelial tumors, half presented with advanced T3-4 disease. Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma was the most common histology (eight cases) and maxillary sinus, the most common site of origin (11 cases). All nine T1-2 tumors received radiation therapy alone, while radiation and chemotherapy was used in seven of nine advanced T3-4 staged tumors. The mean follow-up was 71 months. At last follow-up, eight of nine T1-2 patients were rendered disease-free. In contrast, only four of nine T3-4 patients had long-term disease-free survival. Seventy-five percent of the failure occurred within 2 years. Radiation therapy alone achieves high local control in small tumors (T1-2), while large tumors (T3-4) require aggressive combined treatment, i.e., radiation and chemotherapy.     

In situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament and its bundles in response to anterior tibial loads

The anterior cruciate ligament has a complex fiber anatomy and is not considered to be a uniform structure. Current anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions succeed in stabilizing the knee, but they neither fully restore normal knee kinematics nor reproduce normal ligament, function. To improve the outcome of the reconstruction, it may be necessary to reproduce the complex function of the intact anterior cruciate ligament in the replacement graft. We examined the in situ forces in nine human anterior cruciate ligaments as well as the force distribution between the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of the ligament in response to applied anterioi tibial loads ranging from 22 to 110 N at knee flexion angles of 0–90°. The analysis was performed using a robotic manipulator in conjunction with a universal force-moment sensor. The in situ forces were determined with no device attached to the ligament, while the knee was permitted to move freely in response to the applied loads. We found that the in situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament ranged from 12.8 ± 7.3 N under 22 N of anterior tibial load applied at 90° of knee flexion to 110.6 ± 14.8 N under 110 N of applied load at 15° of flexion. The magnitude of the in situ force in the posterolateral bundle was larger than that in the anteromedial bundle at knee flexion angles between 0 and 45°, reaching a maximum of 75.2 ± 18.3 N at 15° of knee flexion under an anterior tibial load of 110 N. The magnitude of the in situ force in the posterolateral bundle was significantly affected by knee flexion angle and anterior tibial load in a fashion remarkably similar to that seen in the anterior cruciate ligament. The magnitude of the in situ force in the anteromedial bundle, in contrast, remained relatively constant, not changing with flexion angle. Significant differences in the direction of the in situ force between the anteromedial bundle and the posterolateral bundle were found only at flexion angles of 0 and 60° and only under applied anterior tibial loads greater than 66 N. We have demonstrated the nonuniformity of the anterior cruciate ligament under unconstrained anterior tibial loads. Our data further suggest that in order for the anterior cruciate ligament replacement graft to reproduce the in situ forces of the normal anterior cruciate ligament, reconstruction techniques should take into account the role of the posterolateral bundle in addition to that of the anteromedial bundle.     

血康口服液与他莫昔芬联合治疗免疫性血小板减少性紫癜疗效观察

联合应用血康口服液和他莫昔芬治疗成人免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)20例。疗程超过2月。15例患者的血小板(BPC)计数明显上升,有效率为75％(15/20),对于激素治疗无效者,仍有良效。对月经过多者和不适合应用激素者尤为适应。两药合用无明显副作用。治疗起效时间较快,平均13天。疗效持续时间较长,长者已达一年以上。     

我省流通领域阿莫西林制剂质量现状

目的:了解流通领域中阿莫西林制剂的质量状况。方法:在全省各市县的部分医药经营企业,抽取阿莫西林胶囊及干糖浆共54批样品,按国家药品标准进行全检后,对其检验结果进行统计分析。结果:不合格的项目有含量、胶囊剂溶出度、干糖浆粒度。该药物制剂的标示百分含量普遍偏低。结论:影响该产品质量的主要项目是含量和溶出度,含量偏低的主要原因是厂家的低限投料,应予以充分重视。     

利用生物电阻抗测量人体脂肪的研究

本文根据瘦体组织电传导远比脂肪组织强的原理，研制了人体脂肪分析仪（ＢＦＡ），采用４个电极，引出无痛信号（８００μＡ、５０ｋＨｚ）进入人体，测试电阻抗（Ｚ），编入计算机软件，运算人体脂肪量。选择３０名１８～２０岁男性青年进行测量条件试验，得出食后半小时，上午、下午检测均可，喝少量水（少于５００ｍｌ）对测量无明显影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。另选５２名受试者（男９，女４３）年龄１９～６５岁，对用ＢＦＡ测量的Ｚ、体脂百分比（％ＢＦ）和用美国ＢＣ一３００人体成分分析仪测量的电阻（Ｒ）、％ＢＦ进行了相关分析，ｒ值分别为０．９９５（Ｓ（ｙ．ｘ））＝７．９７，Ｐ＜０．０１）和０．９９６（Ｓ（ｙ．ｘ））＝０．６１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。最后，用ＢＦＡ对７９名健康人（男２２，女５７）、年龄３９．０±１１．８岁、身高１６３±７．０ｃｍ、体重６３．１±１０．２ｋｇ测量体脂，男性体脂２２．５±９．２％，女性体脂３４．７±７．２％，用体脂判断肥胖比用体重判断肥胖发生率高，特别是女人、中老年人更明显。