小儿再发性腹痛的病因学分析

目的 分析小儿再发性腹痛的病因以及相关的因素为临床选择辅助检查及诊断提供依据或参考。方法 268例再发性腹痛患儿选人调查对象,对其进行病因学调查,调查内容包括年龄、性别、季节、诱因、部位等8个因素,进行分析。选择相关的辅助检查确定病因。结果 有52例有器质性疾病(19．4％),以慢性胃炎居首位。与发作有关的因素有季节、年龄、情绪反应。结论 小儿再发性腹痛绝大多数属于功能性疾病,只有少数由器质性原因引起,但仍应引起足够重视,谨慎的选择辅助检查,避免漏诊。     

Monitoring of biological responses of tumor cells after irradiation with99mTc-MIBI — Anin vitro study

Summary To explore the possibility to employ^99mTc-MIBI to monitor biological response of tumor cells after irradiation and to observe the relation between the radiation doses and the uptake levels of^99mTc-MIBI in tumor cells, the cells were irradiated with a single dose of 2 Gy, 10 Gy and 20 Gy respectively. The uptake of^99mTc-MIBI in each dosage group was determined before and 24, 48, 72 h after irradiation respectively. Apoptosis index (AI), plating efficiency (PE) of tumor cells was simultaneously determined. There was a positive correlation between uptake levels of^99mc-MIBI and AI(r = −0.91,P< 0.05). A negative correlation was noted between the uptake levels and PE (r = −0.86,P< 0.05). It is suggested that^99mTc-MIBI may be used as a tracer to monitor the change of viability state of tumor cells after being irradiated with different doses.     

间质胶原酶在实验性肺高压氧血管重建中表达的动态改变

目的 探讨间质胶原酶基因表达在肺动脉高压肺血管重建中的作用。方法 利用野百合碱（monocrotaline,MCT)诱导的大鼠肺高压动物模型,经导管介入测定大鼠肺动脉平均压力,逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）检测不同时间点大鼠肺组织间质胶原酶mRNA相对表达水平。结果 实验第三周肺动脉平均压力已明显升高,以第四周为最高,而大鼠肺组织间质胶原酶mRNA表达水平以实验第二周最为明显,第三、四周表达水平下调,但仍高于对照组。结论 MMP－1基因表达异常参与了肺高压肺血管重建过程,其早期基因过度表达有助于细胞外基质屏障的降解,对肺血管重建可能起了触发作用。     

还原型谷胱甘肽治疗尿毒症贫血的初步探讨

目的　观察外源性还原型谷胱甘肽对尿毒症贫血的治疗效果。方法　将 42例尿毒症贫血患者随机分为两组。两组患者均给予重组人红细胞生成素 (r- Hu EPO) 30 0 0 U,每周两次皮下注射 ,疗程 12周。治疗组患者同时静脉给予外源性还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 12 0 0 mg,每周两次 ,疗程 12周。于治疗前和治疗后抽静脉血测定血红蛋白 (Hb) ,红细胞 (RBC)和红细胞压积 (HCT)水平。结果　 r- Hu EPO治疗后两组患者 HB,RBC和 HCT水平均显著上升 (P<0 .0 1)。 GSH治疗组 Hb,RBC和 HCT水平与对照组比较上升明显 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,治疗组 Hb,RBC和HCT的上升幅度高于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　外源性还原型谷胱甘肽能显著提高 r- Hu EPO治疗肾性贫血的疗效 ,GSH可能是治疗尿毒症贫血的有效药物。     

Bibliometric Analysis of the Top-Cited Articles on Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundUnicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has been proven to be an effective surgical technique for unilateral compartment osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the top 100 cited articles in the field of UKA research.MethodsPublications on UKA from 1980 to 2020 in the Web of Science database were retrieved. The characteristics of the top 100 cited articles were analyzed, including information of publications and citations, level of evidence, and research interests.ResultsThe number of publications and citations increased over time. The majority of the highly cited articles were from the Nuffield Orthopedic Centre (Oxford, England) and the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (Boston, USA). Long-term outcome of UKA and comparison between UKA and TKA gathered most research interests. The most frequently occurring keywords were “survival” and “revision.” Since 2012, “life quality” and “robotics” have been used. There was no level I evidence, and most studies provided level IV evidence.ConclusionThere was a rising trend in publications and citations in the field of UKA research, the majority of them were from a few centers, and were low-level evidence. Most studies focused on the long-term outcomes of UKA; in recent years, patient satisfaction and navigation surgery have become new research trends.     

基于数据挖掘不寐食疗药膳组方规律研究

目的：对不寐食疗药膳的组方规律进行研究,以期为不寐患者的个性化饮食调护和不寐食疗药膳产品开发提供理论依据和指导。方法：系统整理《中国药膳大辞典》中关于不寐的古今食疗药膳,建立数据库,对食疗药膳原料的四气五味及归经进行频数统计,并运用中医传承计算平台（V3.0版）进行关联规则和聚类分析。结果：对278首不寐食疗药膳进行统计,原料使用频次最多的前5种为龙眼肉、大枣、枸杞子、酒、莲子。原料以性平、温,味甘为主,主要入于肝、肾、脾经。常用的药食组合为龙眼肉和枸杞子,龙眼肉和酒,聚类出5个核心类方。结论：《中国药膳大辞典》收录的不寐药膳组方遵循补虚泻实、平调阴阳的治疗原则,通过调燮五脏,达到形神共治的目的。原料以补益、安神之品为主,辅以收涩、清热、化痰、活血化瘀之类,其配伍注重补益气血,以扶正祛邪。     

Protective effect of pinocembrin from Penthorum chinense Pursh on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury via regulating HMGB1/TLR4 signal pathway

Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (HIRI) is of common occurrence during liver surgery and transplantation. Pinocembrin (PIN) is a kind of flavonoid monomer extracted from the local traditional Chinese medicine Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense). However, the effect of PIN on HIRI has not determined. We investigated the protective effect and potential mechanism of PIN against HIRI. Model mice were subjected to partial liver ischemia for 60 min, experimental mice were pretreated with PIN orally for 7 days, and H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage model in AML12 hepatic cells was established in vitro. Histopathologic analysis and serum biochemical levels revealed that PIN had hepatoprotective activities against HIRI. The variation of GSH, SOD, MDA, and ROS levels indicated that PIN treatments attenuated oxidative stress in tissue. PIN pretreatment obviously ameliorated apoptosis, and restrained the expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 in vivo. In vitro, compared with H₂O₂ group, the contents of ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptotic cells, and Bcl-2 protein were decreased, while the Bax protein expression was increased. Moreover, HMGB-1 small interfering RNA test and western blotting showed that PIN pretreatment reduced HMGB1 and TLR4 protein levels. In conclusion, PIN pretreatment effectively protected hepatocytes from HIRI and inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway.     

Neoadjuvant combination of pazopanib or axitinib and programmed cell death protein-1-activated dendritic cell-cytokine-induced killer cells immunotherapy may facilitate surgery in patients with renal cell carcinoma

BackgroundRadical/cytoreductive nephrectomy or nephron-sparing surgery may be thought to be not safe or unfeasible in some renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients in which tumor is locally advanced or highly complicated. Neoadjuvant therapy may reduce the volume of the tumor, thus facilitates surgery. The aim the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant combination of pazopanib or axitinib and PD-1-activated dendritic cell-cytokine-induced killer (PD-1/DC-CIK) cell immunotherapy in those patients.MethodsData from 16 RCC patients who received neoadjuvant pazopanib (Group P, n=9) or axitinib (Group A, n=7) plus PD-1/DC-CIK cells immunotherapy were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 9 participants that were potential candidates for radical/cytoreductive nephrectomy (RN/CN) had locally advanced tumor and 5 participants with partial nephrectomy (PN) absolute indications had highly complicated tumors. The efficacy outcomes were based on volume changes of the primary tumor, lymph nodes, and tumor thrombus in 13 participants with complete computed tomography (CT) imaging. The treatment-related toxicities and surgical complications were also reported.ResultsWith a median of 2.1 months treatment, the overall volume of the tumors decreased by a median of 42.30% [interquartile range (IQR): 19.37–66.78%]. Specifically, the median reduction of tumor volume was 88.77 and 15.50 cm³ in group P and group A, respectively (P=0.014). However, participants in Group P were more likely to experience grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) than those in Group A (44.4% vs. 0). Finally, all participants were candidates for appropriate surgery after neoadjuvant therapy (as assessed by the surgeon), and 10 participants accepted surgery, including 5 PN, 4 RN/CN, and 1 lymph node dissection. A solitary participant had Clavien grade IV acute renal failure required dialysis and another had grade II lymphatic leakage.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant combination of pazopanib or axitinib and PD-1/DC-CIK cells immunotherapy was well-tolerated and could effectively reduce the volume of tumors in locally advanced or highly complicated RCC patients.