Investigation of Adhesion Properties of Tire—Asphalt Pavement Interface Considering Hydrodynamic Lubrication Action of Water Film on Road Surface

To obtain the tire–pavement peak adhesion coefficient under different road states, a field measurement and FE simulation were combined to analyze the tire–pavement adhesion characteristics in this study. According to the identified texture information, the power spectral distribution of the road surface was obtained using the MATLAB Program, and a novel tire hydroplaning FE model coupled with a textured pavement model was established in ABAQUS. Experimental results show that here exists an “anti-skid noncontribution area” for the insulation and lubrication of the water film. Driving at the limit speed of 120 km/h, the critical water film thickness for the three typical asphalt pavements during hydroplaning was as follows: AC pavement, 0.56 mm; SMA pavement, 0.76 mm; OGFC pavement, 1.5 mm. The road state could be divided into four parts dry state, wet sate, lubricated state, and ponding state. Under the dry road state, when the slip rate was around 15%, the adhesion coefficient reached the peak value, i.e., around 11.5% for the wet road state. The peak adhesion coefficient for the different asphalt pavements was in the order OGFC > SMA > AC. This study can provide a theoretical reference for explaining the tire–pavement interactions and improving vehicle brake system performance.     

疏肝中药内服配合灌肠治疗慢性盆腔疼痛症

目的:通过与单纯灌肠疗法的近期及半年、一年复发情况的对比观察,证实内服疏肝中药在该病治疗中的有效性、重要性。方法:将70例患者随机分为两组,内服外灌组36例,以疏肝中药内服每日3次,配合每日一次中药灌肠;单纯灌肠组34例,每日中药灌肠一次。两组均以3周为一疗程,治疗二疗程。结果:内服外灌组愈显率86.1%,明显高于单纯灌肠组之52.9%。痊愈病例半年、一年后复发率内服外灌组分别为0、10%,低于单纯灌肠组10%、30%。经统计学处理,两组疗效有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:疏肝法配合灌肠治疗慢性盆腔疼痛症的疗效良好,可有效降低复发率。     

Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Ultimate-Strength Heterogeneity on Crack Propagation and Fracture Toughness in Welded Joints

The mechanical properties of dissimilar metal-welded joint materials are heterogeneous, which is an obstacle to the safety evaluation of key welded structures. The variation of stress–strain conditions at the crack tip caused by mismatch of material mechanical properties in dissimilar metal-welded joints is an important factor affecting crack propagation behavior. To understand the influence of uneven distribution of ultimate strength of the base metal and the welded metal on the crack propagation path, fracture toughness, as well as the mechanical field at the crack tip in the small-scale yield range, the user-defined field variable subroutine method is used to express continuous variation characteristics of welded joint ultimate strength in finite element software. In addition, the J-integral during crack propagation is calculated, and the effect of the ultimate strength on the J-integral and the stress field at the crack tip are analyzed. The results show that as the crack propagation direction is perpendicular to the direction of ultimate strength, the gradient of ultimate strength increases from |G_y|= 50 to |G_y|= 100 MPa/mm, the crack deflection angle increases by 0.018%, and the crack length increases by 1.46%. The fracture toughness of the material decreased slightly during crack propagation. Under the condition that the crack propagation direction is the same as the direction of ultimate strength, the crack propagation path is a straight line. As the gradient of ultimate strength increases from G_x = 50 to G_x = 100 MPa/mm, the crack propagation length decreases by 5.17%, and the slope of fracture toughness curve increases by 51.63%. On the contrary, as the crack propagates to the low ultimate strength side, the crack propagation resistance decreases, the ultimate strength gradient increases from G_x = −100 to G_x = −50 MPa/mm, and the slope of the fracture toughness curve decreases by 51.01%. It is suggested to consider the relationship between crack growth behavior and ultimate strength when designing and evaluating the structural integrity of cracks at the material interface of dissimilar metal-welded joints.     

Comparative analysis of transient receptor potential channel 5 opposite strand-induced gene expression patterns and protein-protein interactions in triple-negative breast cancer

In patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), high tumour mutation burden and aberrant oncogene expression profiles are some of the causes of poor prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to identify aberrantly expressed oncogenes, since they have the potential to serve as therapeutic targets. Transient receptor potential channel 5 opposite strand (TRPC5OS) has been previously shown to function as a novel tumour inducer. However, the underlying mechanism of TRPC5OS function in TNBC remain to be elucidated. Therefore, in the present study TRPC5OS expression was first measured in tissue samples of patients with TNBC and a panel of breast cancer cell lines (ZR-75-1, MDA-MB-453, SK-BR-3, JIMT-1, BT474 and HCC1937) by using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Subsequently, the possible effects of TRPC5OS on MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assays after Lentiviral transfection of MDA-MB-231. In addition, potential interaction partners of TRPC5OS were explored using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS. Gene expression patterns following TRPC5OS overexpression were also detected in MDA-MB-231 cells by using High-throughput sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were then used to systematically verify the potential interactions among the TRPC5OS-regulated genes. The potential relationship between TRPC5OS-interacting proteins and gene expression patterns were studied using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) analysis. TRPC5OS expression was found to be significantly higher in TNBC tumour tissues and breast cancer cell lines compared with luminal tumour tissues and ZR-75-1. In addition, the overexpression of TRPC5OS significantly increased cell proliferation. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that 5,256 genes exhibited differential expression following TRPC5OS overexpression, including 3,269 upregulated genes and 1,987 downregulated genes. GO analysis results indicated that the functions of these differentially expressed genes were enriched in the categories of ‘cell division’ and ‘cell proliferation’ regulation. KEGG analysis showed that the TRPC5OS-regulated genes were associated with processes of ‘homologous recombination’ and ‘TNF signalling pathways’. Subsequently, 17 TRPC5OS-interacting proteins were found using LC-MS/MS and STRING analysis. The most important protein among interacting proteins was ENO1 which was associated with glycolysis and regulated proliferation of cancer. In summary, data from the present study suggest that TRPC5OS overexpression can increase TNBC cell proliferation and ENO1 may be a potential target protein mediated by TRPC5OS. Therefore, TRPC5OS may serve as a novel therapeutic target for TNBC.     

高压液相色谱分析法在β-地中海贫血筛查中的应用

目的研究高压液相色谱分析法（HPLc）在β-地中海贫血筛查中的应用价值。方法对350例婚检、产检人员的血样分别运用HPLC、琼脂糖凝胶电泳及碱变性方法测定HbA2、HbF。结果HPLC与Hb电泳测定HbA2,两者相关回归分析的结果,y=0．362＋0．861x,相关系数为0．89,t检验：P〉0．05;HPLC与抗碱实验测定HbF,两者相关回归分析的结果显示,y=0．138＋0．951x,相关系数为0．98,t检验：P〉0．05。结论高压液相色谱分析法（HPLC）可以替代血红蛋白电泳及抗碱方法应用于筛查β-地中海贫血。     

青蒿治疗对四例HIV感染者免疫功能和微量元素的影响观察

艾滋病（AIDS）是人类有史以来最引人关注的一种疾病,目前尚无彻底治愈的方法。故如何降低发病率和死亡率,延长感染者的生命显得十分重要。高效联合抗逆转录酶（HAART）是临床上治疗AIDS的最有效手段,可以有效地抑制体内病毒的复制,进而重建其免疫系统。但HAART也有其局限性,它不能彻底清除体内艾滋病病毒（HIV）,同时有不容忽视的毒副作用,部分感染者会出现不同程度的耐药。     

Generative Design and Integrated 3D Printing Manufacture of Cross Joints

The integrated process of design and fabrication is invariably of particular interest and important to improve the quality and reduce the production cycle for structural joints, which are key components for connecting members and transferring loads in structural systems. In this work, using the generative design method, a pioneering idea was successfully realized to attain a reasonable configuration of the cross joints, which was then consecutively manufactured using 3D printing technology. Firstly, the initial model and generation conditions of a cross joint were constructed by the machine learning-based generative design algorithm, and hundreds of models were automatically generated. Then, based on the design objective and cost index of the cross joint, three representative joints were selected for further numerical analysis to verify the advantages of generative design. Finally, 3D printing was utilized to produce generative joints; the influences of printing parameters on the quality of 3D printing are further discussed in this paper. The results show that the cross joints from the generative design method have varied and innovative configurations and the best static behaviors. 3D printing technology can enhance the accuracy of cross joint fabrication. It is viable to utilize the integrated process of generative design and 3D printing to design and manufacture cross joints.