Suitability of Nansha Mangrove Wetland for High Nitrogen Shrimp Pond Wastewater Treatment

To investigate mangroves of different land use types in Nansha county, China, we analyzed the corresponding N₂O and CH₄ emissions, water temperature, salinity, acidity and alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, and organic matter at five sites. The removal rates of NO₂⁻, NO₃⁻, and NH₄⁺ in mangrove wetlands were 43.6%, 41.2%, and 65.0%; however, CH₄ and N₂O emissions of mangrove affected by shrimp ponds are 2–3 times and 3–9 times more high than other wetlands. These results showed that, although mangrove wetlands can significantly reduce N, P, and other nutrient elements in shrimp pond wastewater, they can also significantly increase N₂O and CH₄ emissions. This indicates that mangrove wetlands should be used with caution for the treatment of shrimp pond wastewater.

     

A synthetic bandwidth method based on frequency-domain back projection for stepped-frequency SAR

For the drawbacks of the synthetic bandwidth method based on time-domain back projection, a novel synthetic bandwidth method based on frequency-domain back projection is proposed in this article for stepped-frequency synthetic aperture radar to improve the computation efficiency and to realize the automatic spatial spectra cutting. To give a direct and clear comprehension for wideband synthesizing in the spatial image space, the bandwidth and centre frequency for spatial image are defined for the first time. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

RNA-Seq analysis and comparison of the enzymes involved in ionone synthesis of three cultivars of Osmanthus

Abstract

To comprehend the molecular mechanisms that control the differences in the composition of Osmanthus essential oils, the RNA-seq data and differentially expressed genes in different cultivar Osmanthus were studied. cDNA libraries of “jinqiugui,” “baijie,” and “rixianggui” were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq ^TM 2000. All of the enzymes involved in ionone synthesis were verified. DEGs were revealed and their enriched pathways were analyzed. A total of 20 DEGsencoding four enzymes that were potential candidates involved in ionone biosynthesis, as well as ispH, GPPS, ZDS, and CCD. It provided a way for Osmanthus oil monomer material to be synthesized in vitro.     

Sense-antisense gene-pairs in breast cancer and associated pathological pathways

More than 30% of human protein-coding genes form hereditary complex genome architectures composed of sense-antisense (SA) gene pairs (SAGPs) transcribing their RNAs from both strands of a given locus. Such architectures represent important novel components of genome complexity contributing to gene expression deregulation in cancer cells. Therefore, the architectures might be involved in cancer pathways and, in turn, be used for novel drug targets discovery. However, the global roles of SAGPs in cancer pathways has not been studied. Here we investigated SAGPs associated with breast cancer (BC)-related pathways using systems biology, prognostic survival and experimental methods. Gene expression analysis identified 73 BC-relevant SAGPs that are highly correlated in BC. Survival modelling and metadata analysis of the 1161 BC patients allowed us to develop a novel patient prognostic grouping method selecting the 12 survival-significant SAGPs. The qRT-PCR-validated 12-SAGP prognostic signature reproducibly stratified BC patients into low- and high-risk prognostic subgroups. The 1381 SAGP-defined differentially expressed genes common across three studied cohorts were identified. The functional enrichment analysis of these genes revealed the GABPA gene network, including BC-relevant SAGPs, specific gene sets involved in cell cycle, spliceosomal and proteasomal pathways. The co-regulatory function of GABPA in BC cells was supported using siRNA knockdown studies. Thus, we demonstrated SAGPs as the synergistically functional genome architectures interconnected with cancer-related pathways and associated with BC patient clinical outcomes. Taken together, SAGPs represent an important component of genome complexity which can be used to identify novel aspects of coordinated pathological gene networks in cancers.