Cultured chinese-hamster ovary cells lack a transferable x-radiation resistance factor

We determined if we could transfer X-radiation resistance from CHO AA8 cells to their radiosensitive, mutant V3 cells by several methods. These methods include co-incubating the two cell lines for three days before irradiation, adding heavily-irradiated AA8 to V3 cells following irradiation of the latter and then co-incubating these cells for at least eight days during the colony-forming assay and lastly, adding conditioned medium from unirradiated, subconfluent AA8 cells to V3 cultures and incubating for two days before irradiation. None of these procedures enhanced the clonogenic survival of the V3 cells to a single dose of 4 Gy X-radiation. Adding heavily-irradiated V3, instead of AA8, cells did not increase the clonogenic survival of the 4 Gy-irradiated V3 cells either, indicating that there was no autocrine mode of action. Moreover, adding conditioned medium from a related CHO cell line, K1, to its own radiosensitive, mutant 5-11 and incubating for two days before irradiation did not enhance clonogenic survival of the latter to a single dose of 3 Gy X-radiation. We therefore conclude that it is unlikely that CHO cells have the X-radiation resistance factor that has been reported in some mouse melanoma cell lines by other investigators.     

Predicting the viability of grafted livers in rats through a rapid and sensitive metabolic indicator assessed by 31P-NMR spectroscopy

The present study was undertaken to clarify whether a correlation exists between the hepatic ratio of the -phosphorous moiety of ATP (-ATP) to inorganic phosphate (Pi), measured by ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 1 h after the reestablishment of portal blood flow, and the survival rate of rats following liver transplantation. This ratio was compared with the arterial ketone body ratio [AKBR (acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate)], which is accepted as a reliable indicator of liver viability. After the transplantation of fresh livers, the 1-week survival rate was 92% and the -ATP/Pi ratio was 64% of the normal level. When the liver grafts were subjected to warm ischemia for 25 min or 45 min prior to harvesting, the 1-week survival rate decreased to 43% and 0%, respectively, and the -ATP/Pi ratio dropped to 31% and 18% of the normal level, respectively. On the other hand, the AKBR was about 25% of the normal level after transplantation of fresh livers, while it was 37% and 48% after transplantation with 25 min and 45 min of warm ischemia, respectively. However, 4h after the reestablishment of portal blood flow, the AKBR correlated with the -ATP/Pi ratio in both the fresh graft group and the 45-min warm ischemic damage group. These results show that the -ATP/Pi ratio provides an accurate evaluation of a graft viability even at an extremely early stage following liver transplantation, and should prove useful for the early diagnosis of primary graft nonfunction after liver transplantation.     

120年来中国卫生检疫

回顾了中国国境卫生检疫自１８７３年以来１２０多年间各个时期的历史进程,着重阐述了新中国成立后,特别是改革开放以来,国境卫生检疫事业在中国共产党的方针政策指引下,组织建设、业务建设、思想建设各方面的迅速发展。检疫机构从１７个海港发展到海陆空全方位的１９２个国境口岸（１９９２年底止）,检疫业务从检疫查验扩大到疾病监测、媒介控制、进口食品监督检验等多项内容。为防止传染病传人和传出,改善国境口岸和交通工具的卫生面貌,做出重要的贡献。国境卫生检疫是国家卫生大门的一个坚强岗哨并已成为预防医学的一个重要学科。其成长与壮大,是我国卫生防疫事业的对外窗口,更是国际卫生保健合作重要的一环。     

An outline of spreading of Western mediciine into Yantai in modern age

At the turn of the last century, side by side with the infiltration of religious culture from Western countries, western medicine spread into Yantai. The religious force, headed by American Presbyterian Mission, carried out charitable activities in the process of preaching and laid down the foundation for western medicine rooted in Yantai by establishing schools, education and training followers. They cultivated local physicians by first setting up clinics which had later transformed into hospitals. These are their major measures for building bases for spreading Christianity by foreigners. The Temple Hill Hospital set up by the American physician Oscar F. Hills in Yantai was a successful example of mutual promotion of missionary and medical activities which pushed forward the spreading and development of western medicine in Yantai.     

106例肺切除术分析

1982年3月～1994年12月,我们为各类肺部疾病进行肺切除术106例。术中、术后发生并发症23例次占21．6％,术后30日内死亡2例占1．8％．文内着重对支气管胸膜瘘、血胸、肺血管损伤大出血、癌栓脱入对侧肺支气管、肺静脉癌栓脱入股动脉及心跳聚停等并发症的防治及紧急处理进行了讨论。此外,作者认为,肺叶切除术目前在大多数病例仍是肺癌外科的“标准术式”,但在心肺功能允许并由于技术或肿瘤学原因非行全肺切除术才能达到根治性切除时,就要果断地行全肺切除,心包外处理肺血管有困难时,要毫不迟疑地采取心包内途径。     

生脉散对小鼠多能造血干细胞（CFU－S）影响的实验研究

生脉散系著名古方,广泛用于多种疾病所致“气阴两虚”证。采用符合该证的实验性骨髓抑制及贫血小鼠,以脾集落法等项技术观察生脉散对小鼠血发生的影响。将对照组与实验组进行比较,结果显示：生脉散可刺激多能造血干细胞增殖（Ｐ＜０．０５）,骨髓有核细胞增生（Ｐ＜０．０５）,白细胞增生（Ｐ＜０．０１）,对Ｈｂ及红细胞作用不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５）．结合其他学者的工作,推测生脉散的“益气养阴”作用与影响血发生功能有关。     

Preliminary evaluation of pelvic vascular bed isolation chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical carcinoma

ＰｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｅｌｖｉｃｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｂｅｄｉｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎｃｈｅｍｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｃｅｒｖｉｃａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａＪｉａｎｇＳｅｎａｎｄＰｏｓｔｇｒａｄｕａｔｅ...     

职业人群不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用

目的 探索不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症的关系,以及高血压、血脂异常的效应修饰作用,为预防高尿酸血症提供理论依据。方法 采用横断面调查研究设计,基于2021年10-12月来自四川省、贵州省28个地级市和重庆市33个区（县）中国铁路成都局集团有限公司的西南职业人群队列基线数据,通过问卷调查、体格测量及实验室生化检测收集研究对象的人口学特征、行为生活方式、慢性非传染性疾病患病情况。不健康行为生活方式得分根据吸烟、饮酒、膳食模式、体力活动和低体重/超重状况进行评分,分值越高不健康行为生活方式越多。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不健康行为生活方式评分、吸烟状况、饮酒状况等与高尿酸血症的关系,采用分层分析探索高血压等疾病对不健康行为生活方式与高尿酸血症之间关系的修饰效应。结果 共纳入11 748名研究对象,高尿酸血症患病率为34.4%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,现在吸/既往吸烟、现在饮/既往饮酒及BMI异常是高尿酸血症患病的危险因素,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险呈现累积效应,随着得分的升高,高尿酸血症患病风险升高,OR值由1.64（95%CI：1.34~2.00）上升至2.89（95%CI：2.39~3.50）。分层分析结果显示,在高血压及血脂异常人群中,不健康行为生活方式对高尿酸血症患病风险影响更大。结论 多种不健康行为生活方式的共存会升高高尿酸血症患病风险,这一效应在高血压、血脂异常人群中更明显。及时纠正不健康行为生活方式,并控制高血压和血脂异常,降低患高尿酸血症的风险。     

锡矿工人接尘与矽肺危险度评价

目的探讨粉尘暴露与矽肺危险度之间的接触效应关系。方法选择广西４个锡矿１９６０～１９６５年间工作１年以上的３０１０名接尘工人进行队列研究。用生存分析法统计累积粉尘接触量和矽肺出现的关系。结果追访到１９９４年底,检出矽肺１０１５例（３３．７％）。矽肺平均潜伏期２１．３年。总粉尘浓度７．５ｍｇ／ｍ３（ＴＷＡ）。拟合生存分析模型表明：矽肺发病危险度与累积接尘量的关系适合Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ分布。累积总粉尘接触量低于１０ｍｇ·ｍ－３·ａ－１时,矽肺危险小于１％;累积总粉尘接触量超过２０ｍｇ·ｍ－３·ａ－１时,矽肺累积危险度升高加快;累积总粉尘接触量达１５０ｍｇ·ｍ－３·ａ－１时,矽肺危险超过６８％。接尘时间与接尘量和矽肺危险度呈正相关。结论矽肺危险度与累积接尘量之间存在接触效应关系。     

公费医疗门诊项目实行“按人头付费”的效果评价

1998年,上海市普陀区医疗保险办公室改革公费医疗支付方式,对门诊项目实行按人头付费。本文就改革实施一年来公费医疗费用发生情况作一分析,对按人头付费方式实施效果进行评估,得出以下结论:该支付方式较为有效地降低了医疗费用的增长幅度,减少了浪费;对促进医院加强内部管理,转变经营策略,重视医疗成本控制,提高卫生资源的利用效率起到了积极的作用。同时提出,要注意纠正个别医疗机构控制费用方法简单化的偏差,要考虑人群年龄结构因素对医疗费用的影响,适当调整付费标准,以避免医疗机构在承担费用支出方面出现畸轻畸重的问题。