钉螺一氧化氮合酶分布的酶组织化学研究

目的 定位研究一氧化氮合酶（NOS）在日本血吸虫中间宿主－钉螺体内分布及活性。方法 用还原型尼可酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸硫辛酰胺脱氢酶（NADPH－d)酶组织化学技术,对钉螺软体的整体连续切片作系统观察。结果 头足部肌纤维间含丰富NOS阳性神经元;中枢神经节纤维区、心脏壁、雌雄生殖细胞、咽管等呈NOS的强阳性;腮管壁呈NOS阳性。结论 NO作为重要生物信使,直接参与钉螺神经肌肉运动、生殖和心血管调节等多种生命活动。     

Correction: Facile preparation of a polypyrrole modified Chinese yam peel-based adsorbent: characterization,performance, and application in removal of Congo red dye

Correction for ‘Facile preparation of a polypyrrole modified Chinese yam peel-based adsorbent: characterization, performance, and application in removal of Congo red dye’ by Yan Wang et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 9424–9434, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA08280A.

The authors regret that in the Acknowledgements section, the fund number for the National College Student Innovation Training Program was incomplete. The correct fund number for the National College Student Innovation Training Program is 202110879021.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.     

哈尔滨市南岗区1992/2005年结直肠癌发病趋势

目的:对哈尔滨市南岗区结直肠癌(CRC)发病流行分布特点进行统计分析,探讨CRC对哈尔滨市南岗区人群的危害.方法:CRC发病资料来源于哈尔滨市南岗区肿瘤发病死亡登记报告,按ICD-9疾病分类进行编码,性别计算初发病率、世界人口调整发病率,35-64岁截缩发病率和0-64岁累积发病率,对近期CRC发病率进行预测.结果:CRC发病率呈显著的逐年增加趋势(u =2.87,P<0.05),由1992/1993年13.06/100 000增加到2004/2005年23.54/100 000,平均每年以5.73%的速度增加.其中男性每年以6.94%的速度增加,女性每年以4.46%的速度增加.60-79岁年龄组段男性发病率明显高于女性(u=5.47,P<0.01).CRC发病以非体力劳动者所占比重最大.预测2010年CRC发病率将达到33.19/100 000,男女CRC发病率将分别达到44.85/100 000和31.89/100 000.结论:哈尔滨市南岗区居民CRC发病率呈逐年上升趋势.     

表皮生长因子对胶质瘤C6细胞垂体瘤转化基因影响的实验研究

目的探讨表皮生长因子（EGF）在体外对胶质瘤C6细胞垂体瘤转化基因（PTTG）表达的影响。方法不同浓度的EGF（10ng／mL、20ng／mL和30ng／mL）在体外作用于胶质瘤C6细胞,半定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT—PCR）检测PTTG mRNA表达,Western检测其PTTG蛋白表达。结果与空白对照组比较,RT—PCR和Western检测结果显示PTTG mRNA及其蛋白的表达在各EGF作用组均显著增高,各组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论EGF可以量效的方式上调PTTG的表达。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病骨骼肌萎缩机制的研究进展

骨骼肌萎缩是COPD患者常见的全身症状,是导致COPD患者生活质量下降和病死率增加的主要危险因素。COPD骨骼肌萎缩的形成机制非常复杂,与全身炎症反应、氧化应激、缺乏锻炼等因素有关。碳酸酐酶Ⅲ可能也参与了COPD患者骨骼肌萎缩的发生。上述刺激因素会降低骨骼肌氧化代谢能力,使肌蛋白分解／合成过程失衡、影响骨骼肌纤维的凋亡过程及改变肌纤维类型和氧化表型,导致骨骼肌功能障碍。     

Risk of second malignancies in patients with gastric marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa associate lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Background

It is controversial whether patients with gastric marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) have higher risk of second malignancies. The aim of this study was to define the risk of second malignancies in these patients.

Methods

We analyzed prospective follow-up data of 146 consecutive patients with gastric MALT lymphoma treated at Aichi Cancer Center Hospital and compared the incidence of second malignancies with that in the general population. We calculated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR), using age- and sex-specific incidence rates from the Aichi Cancer Registry.

Results

The median follow-up period was 74 months. A total of 27 tumors occurred in 22 patients (15.1 %), including 19 solid tumors. Of these, nine tumors were detected concomitantly with, and 18 tumors following, the diagnosis of gastric MALT lymphoma. Four patients had two second malignancies each. For the entire group, the SIR of an additional malignancy was 3.39 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 2.11–4.66). An increased incidence of solid tumors (SIR 2.91 [1.60–4.22]) and hematologic malignancies (SIR 5.54 [1.70–9.38]) were seen. In addition, there was increased risk for development of second malignancies during follow up (SIR 2.26 [1.21–3.30]). Chemotherapy for treatment of MALT was an independent risk factor for second malignancies (age–sex adjusted hazard ratio 3.98 [1.47–10.79].

Conclusions

Compared with the general population, patients with gastric MALT lymphoma are at increased risk for second malignancies, including gastric cancer.     

外泌体在骨代谢中的作用

外泌体是多种细胞在生理或病理状态下主动分泌到细胞外的纳米级囊泡,富含蛋白质、核酸、脂质等生物活性物质,参与细胞间信息交流与传递.目前已有研究表明,外泌体能通过信号蛋白、miRNAs等调控成骨细胞、破骨细胞及骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖、分化,介导骨生成和骨吸收过程,在多种骨代谢疾病的发生、发展中起重要作用.     

3种青蒿素衍生物对日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株童虫的体内作用效果观察

目的观察3种青蒿素衍生物双氢青蒿素、青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚对日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株童虫的体内作用效果。方法以经11轮亚治疗剂量吡喹酮筛选的日本血吸虫为吡喹酮抗性株,以未暴露于吡喹酮的日本血吸虫作为吡喹酮敏感株,收集2虫株尾蚴感染小鼠,以300mg/kg双氢青蒿素、青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚对感染后7~8 d童虫分别进行2次灌服用药(总剂量600 mg/kg),所有小鼠于感染后45 d解剖,收集小鼠体内成虫并计数,计算减虫率和减雌率。结果 300 mg/kg双氢青蒿素、蒿甲醚和青蒿琥酯2日疗法(总剂量600 mg/kg)对日本血吸虫吡喹酮敏感株7~8 d童虫的减虫率为69.8%~71.0%,减雌率为75.4%~79.8%;对日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株7~8 d童虫的减虫率为64.6%~66.1%,减雌率为69.3%~71.1%,差异均无统计学意义(均p0.05)。结论 日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株对青蒿素类衍生物双氢青蒿素、青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚依然敏感,青蒿素衍生物与吡喹酮在日本血吸虫中不存在交叉抗药性。     

气囊辅助式小肠镜检查相关胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的临床研究

目的探讨单气囊小肠镜（SBE）、双气囊小肠镜（DBE）检查与胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症并发症的相关性。方法连续收集2011年9月至2012年12月间56例行SBE和DBE检查患者的临床资料,按气囊辅助式小肠镜类型及进镜途径进行分组（即分成SBE经口组、SBE经肛组、DBE经口组和DBE经肛组）并整理数据,统计分析气囊辅助式小肠镜类型及进镜途径对镜检相关胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症并发症发生率的影响。结果SBE经口组19例,发生镜检相关高淀粉酶血症12例（63．16％）、胰腺炎1例;SBE经肛组12例,发生镜检相关高淀粉酶血症2例（16．67％）,无镜检相关胰腺炎发生;DBE经口组15例,发生镜检相关高淀粉酶血症11例（73．33％）,无镜检相关胰腺炎发生;DBE经肛组10例,无镜检相关高淀粉酶血症、胰腺炎发生。术后高淀粉酶血症发生率,SBE经口组与SBE经肛组比较（P=0．009）、DBE经口组与DBE经肛组比较（P=0．001）差异均有统计学意义,而SBE经口组与DBE经口组比较（P=0．415）、SBE经肛组与DBE经肛组比较（P=0．558）差异无统计学意义。结论气囊辅助式小肠镜检查术后较易并发高淀粉酶血症,经口途径较经肛途径更易并发,而是否易发与气囊辅助式小肠镜类型无关;至于气囊辅助式小肠镜检查与术后胰腺炎的相关性,由于样本量太少,未能得出有价值的临床结论。     

Erythrocyte membrane n-3 fatty acid levels and carotid atherosclerosis in Chinese men and women

Objective

Prospective studies have supported the beneficial effects of n-3 fatty acid consumption on cardiac deaths, but limited data focused on atherosclerosis. We investigated the associations between n-3 fatty acids in erythrocytes and atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older Chinese.

Methods

847 subjects (285 men and 562 women), aged 40–65 years, from Guangzhou, China were included in this community-based cross-sectional study between December 2005 and January 2008. The levels of α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in erythrocytes were measured by gas chromatography. Carotid ultrasound examination was conducted to obtain intima–media thickness of the common carotid artery and the carotid bifurcation. Dietary data and other covariates were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires.

Results

After adjustment for age, sex, and other confounders, negative dose–response associations between the contents of individual n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the erythrocyte membrane and the prevalence of carotid artery wall thickening and plaque were observed. A comparison in the highest and lowest tertiles gave odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for thickening in the walls of the common carotid artery of 0.58 (0. 34–0.97; P-trend = 0. 037) for DHA, and 0.39 (0.23–0.67; P-trend < 0.001) for ALA. However, EPA was not significantly associated with carotid atherosclerosis. Similar results were found for thickening at the carotid bifurcation and the occurrence of carotid artery plaque.

Conclusions

Higher levels of DHA and ALA in the erythrocyte membrane were significantly associated with a lower burden of subclinical atherosclerosis.