The essential fatty acid deficient chicken as a model for cystic fibrosis

The essential fatty acid deficient (EFAD) chicken was evaluated as a model for cystic fibrosis (CF). Three semipurified diets--(I) 1% hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO), (II) 10% soybean oil + 1% HCO, and (III) 11% HCO--were fed to chickens from hatching to 5, 8, or 11 wk. Groups I and III exhibited poor weight gain and abnormal serum fatty acid patterns characteristic of EFAD. Production of prostaglandin F2 alpha, thromboxane B2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, and prostaglandin E in lung was significantly reduced at 5, 8, and 11 wk in both EFAD groups. Histopathologic examination revealed increased peribronchiolitis in group I compared with II. Incidence of pulmonary lesions in group III was intermediate. These data support the theory that essential fatty acids are necessary to maintain proper lung function. In this respect, the chicken is a good model for studying the relationship between EFAD and pulmonary disease in CF patients.     

Focus cleaning using mini-thoracotomy for cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis or pulmonary tuberculoma: case study of 18 human subjects

Zusammenfassung GRUNDLAGEN: Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war, die Machbarkeit und Wirksamkeit der Fokus-Sanierung via Mini-Thorakotomie zur Therapie einer kavernösen Lungentuberkulose zu prüfen. METHODIK: Der Mini-Thorakotomie-Zugang wurde in 18 Patienten angewendet (Alter, 25–75 Jahre; median, 47,5 Jahre). Die Patienten hatten eine kavernöse Lungentuberkulose oder ein Lungentuberkulom nach tuberkulostatischer Therapie oder waren Patienten, die auf diese Therapie nicht angesprochen haben. 8 Patienten mit chronischer kavernöser Lungentuberkulose und 10 Patienten mit Tuberkulom haben sich der Fokus-Sanierung, Spülung und Faltnaht unterzogen. ERGEBNISSE: Es gab keine operative Mortalität. Alle Patienten waren klinisch saniert, hatten keinen Nachweis für Bakterien im Sputum, im Röntgen hatten die Lungenschatten abgenommen. Die Dauer der Operation betrug 30–120 min (median, 75 min), der intraoperative Blutverlust war 100–200 ml (median, 153 ml). Der postoperative Spitalsaufenthalt betrug 21–42 Tage (median, 30 Tage). Das Follow-up nach 1–4 Jahren (median, 2,5 Jahre) zeigte keine Komplikation und kein Rezidiv der Grunderkrankung. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN: MTFC ist eine sichere und technisch machbare Methode zur Therapie der Lungentuberkulose oder des Tuberkuloms bei Schonung der Lungenfunktion.     

Correlation between levels of serum immunoglobulin、complement and immunopathology in glomerular disease

目的 探讨肾小球疾病免疫球蛋白、补体水平与免疫病理的相关性.方法 112 例肾小球疾病患者,14 例健康人测定血清免疫球蛋白及补体,112 例肾小球疾病患者,112 例患者行肾活组织病理检查.结果 112 例肾小球疾病患者 IgG 升高 11 例(9.82%),降低 29 例(25.89%),IgA 升高 33 例(29.46%),降低 2 例(1.79%).IgM 升高 7 例(6.25%),降低 3 例(2.68%),三种免疫球蛋白的变化有显著差异(x2=70.587,P=O.000);C3 减低 29 例(25.89%),C4减低 32 例(28.57%),两者比较无显著差异(X2=0.203,P=0.653).免疫荧光阳性率依次为C3(50%)>lgA(49.11%)>IgG(40.18%)>lgM(21.43%)>C4(14.29%)(x2=49.303,P=0.000);免疫荧光 IgA 阳性者血清 lgA 水平较阴性者高(P=0.042),C3、CA阳性者血清 C3、c4 水平较阴性者低(P=0,P=0.007),IgG、IgM 阳性者血清 IgG、lgM 水平与阴性者比较无差异(P=0.136,P=0.383).结论 肾小球疾病存在体液免疫紊乱,测定血清免疫球蛋白、补体及行肾组织免疫病检有助于了解体液免疫状况,估计疾病活动度,判断疗效,但两种检查之间无明显的相关性,可相互补充,不能相互替代.     

不同临床和病理分型对肝门部胆管癌切除术预后的影响

目的 研究临床和病理分型与肝门部胆管癌切除术疗效的关系。方法总结1993年至2004年在解放军总医院肝胆外科手术切除的肝门部胆管癌198例病例资料。结果临床分型Ⅰ型34例，Ⅱ型60例，Ⅲa型27例，Ⅲb型33例，Ⅳ型19例，Ⅴa型6例。Ⅴb型19例。病理高分化腺癌35例，中分化腺癌52例，低分化腺癌54例，三者的中位生存期分别为29．5、11、5．5个月；病理切缘阴性者与切缘阳性者生存率有显著性差异（P 〈0．05）。手术并发症出现率41．4％，围手术期死亡1例。结论肝门部胆管癌根据临床分型进行相应的手术治疗；病理切缘阴性是影响预后的主要因素之一；围手术期正确处理，是减少手术并发症，提高患者生活质量和延长生存期的关键。     

聚环氧氯丙烷／液晶复合富氧膜的研究

研究了聚环氧氯丙烷(PECHCH)/N(4-乙氧基苄叉)4-丁基苯胺(EBBA)复合膜对氧气和氮气的透过性和选择性。用示差扫描量热计(DSC)、解偏振光强仪(DLI和偏光显微镜考察了复合膜的形态结构。结果表明,当PECH/EBBA复合膜处于液晶的向列相转变温度时,有较高的气体透过性和选择性。发现只有复合膜中EBBA含量在30wt％以上,PECH和EBBA呈非均相混合时,才有较明显的富氧效果。当EBBA含量达50wt%时,氧氮分离系数α=3.78。     

延迟一期修复外周神经损伤38例报告

目的 探讨应用显微外科技术延迟一期修复四肢外周神经损伤的治疗体会。方法 应用显微外科技术延迟一期修复各种原因所致的四肢外周神经损伤38例41条，手术方法包括神经瘢痕松解、神经直接缝合术等。结果 术后随访6个月～7年，平均33个月，优良率为81．6％。结论 对失去一期修复手术治疗机会的周围神经损伤患者应尽早行延迟一期手术，可取得较好疗效。     

乳头溢液的外科治疗（附207例分析）

目的探讨乳头溢液的渗断和治疗方法，为合理的治疗提供科学依据。方法回顾分析手术治疗的207例乳头溢液病例资料。结果（1）在非哺乳期间发生乳头溢液多属病理性溢液；（2）通过美蓝法或平针头指示法行区段切除术，安全准确。结论（1）乳头溢液特别足血性溢液应手术治疗．对早期发现和早期治疗乳腺癌有鼋要的临床意义。（2）乳头溢液伴肿块者，不沧年龄大小、溢液性质均应手术治疗。     

A pathologic study of adenohypophyseal growth hormone cells in the rabbit after severe burn

The growth hormone(GH), produced by the growth hormone cell in pars distalis of the adenohypophysis, acts on the sugar, protein and fat metabolism in various degrees. After trauma, the GH has relations with the energy supply, the maintenance of nitrogen balance, the tissue repair and the body resistance. However, pathological study on the GH cell after burn injury is rare in the literature so far. The purpose of the present investigation is to take a dynamic observation on the ultrastructural changes of the rabbit GH cell after napalm burn within one week. 46 male rabbits were used and divided into two groups, napalm burn group (N = 36) and control group (N = 10). The former is inflicted with 3rd degree burn covering 30% TBSA. The animals of former group were sacrificed at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 168 hours postburn respectively. Using the light and electron microscopy and stereological method, the results revealed that: (1) the synthesis activity in GH cell was enhanced, the process of secretion was rapid, and the rate of granule maturation was increased; (2) the nude GH granules were found both in the sinusoids and the endothelial cells; (3) the newly formed mitochondria may be originated from the Golgi complex, and the newly formed Golgi complex from the reutilization of the plasma membrane components; (4) some endothelial cells manifested degeneration, and the others showed in active condition; (5) under the light microscopy, the distribution of the lower tint-phil GH cells had its regional-characteristics.     

TNF-α和低氧对胰腺癌细胞表达VEGF-A、C的调节

目的:探讨细胞活素肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、SNAP(S-Nitroso-Nacetyl-penicillamine)对胰腺癌细胞产生血管内皮生长因子A、C(VEGF-A、C)的调节.方法:用Northern杂交和Western杂交法分析6种人胰腺癌细胞株中VEGF-A、C基因和蛋白的表达;以TNF-α或SNAP刺激其中两个细胞株后用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应技术(RT-PCR)分析其VEGF-A、C基因的表达.结果:Northern杂交法显示这6种胰腺癌细胞株均有4.1kb VEGF-A基因和2.4kb VEGF-C基因的表达;Western杂交法显示它们均有分子量为43kD的VEGF-A蛋白质和分子量为55kD的VEGF-C蛋白质的表达.RT-PCR分析法显示:TNF-α使细胞株COLO-357产生VEGF-A、VEGF-C mRNA分别减少约1～2.5倍、1～2倍,使细胞株CAPAN-1产生VEGF-A、VEGF-C mRNA分别减少约1倍、1.6～2.5倍;而SNAP刺激细胞株COLO-357产生VEGF-A mRNA增加约5倍,刺激细胞株CAPAN-1产生VEGF-A mRNA增加约4倍,但对这两种细胞株产生VEGF-C mRNA均无明显刺激作用.结论:细胞活素TNF-α和低氧通过调节血管内皮生长因子A、C的表达而影响胰腺癌细胞的生物学特性,抑制癌细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡、死亡或进展、恶化.