HACCP原理在中小冷冻饮品生产企业中的应用

通过前期的基线调查,对浦东新区7家未实施HACCP计划的中小冷冻饮品生产企业的状况有了充分的认识,在此基础上,我们与企业共同制订了HACCP计划,确定了关键控制点,并在实际运行中进行纠偏和验证。事实说明各企业的生产过程卫生状况明显改善,提高了产品的安全性。     

褪黑素缺乏影响脊柱侧弯的研究进展

脊柱侧弯是一种常见的脊柱畸形,可能会增加发生背痛的风险,导致肩部不平衡和胸部畸形,甚至影响到患者的心肺功能或对神经造成不可逆的损伤。褪黑素可以改善骨代谢平衡和增加骨密度,目前关于褪黑素干预骨代谢有许多假说,对于褪黑素缺乏是否会导致脊柱侧弯的发生仍存在争议。血清褪黑素水平较低的脊柱侧弯患者,使用褪黑素进行补充,或许在一定程度上能防止脊柱侧弯的发展,并存在一定的治疗效果。本文综述了近年来关于褪黑素缺乏与脊柱侧弯的关系的相关研究,以期为脊柱侧弯的治疗提供参考。     

脑脱髓鞘假瘤MRI与临床病理对照研究(3例报告并文献复习)

目的探讨脑脱髓鞘假瘤的磁共振影像学特征与临床病理的关系。方法搜集经病理证实的脑脱髓鞘假瘤3例,结合文献复习其MR形态及信号特点,并与病理及临床症状对照。结果本组3例(男2例,女1例)患者发病年龄24～68岁,发病前无明确的前驱感染史或诱因,3例患者中,其中2例为单发,1例位于双额叶,1例位于右颞叶,另1例为颅内多发病灶,MRI T2WI呈稍低信号,T1WI呈低信号为主,增强后呈半环形或斑片状强化,其中1例合并出血性改变,病理上表现为典型脱髓鞘、炎性浸润及反应性细胞增多,多数可见具有核分裂状的肥胖型胶质细胞。结论颅内炎性脱髓鞘假瘤的MRI影像学表现具有一定的特点,增强扫描及扩散加权技术有助于脱髓鞘假瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断。     

HSV1-TK/GCV系统对人肺腺癌细胞A549生物学特性的影响

目的　观察转TK基因肺癌细胞对丙氧鸟苷 (GCV)的敏感性及TK GCV系统杀灭肿瘤细胞机制。方法　观察转TK基因、转空载体A5 49细胞 (下分别简称A5 49 TK、A5 49 pLXSN)和A5 49细胞形态学改变、生长增殖特性。GCV对 3种细胞生长抑制 (MTT法 )。电镜、流式细胞仪观察A5 49 TK、A5 49细胞经 5 0μmol LGCV作用 3d后细胞凋亡。 结果　转基因细胞变为不规则 ,呈多角型 ,透亮度下降 ,体外增殖能力下降 ,A5 49 TK ,A5 49 pLXSN ,A5 493种细胞倍增时间分别为 42 .3 5、41.75、3 6.18h。依据IC5 0 ,A5 49 TK细胞对GCV敏感性比A5 49细胞提高 46倍 ,电镜发现A5 49 TK细胞有凋亡小体 ,核呈半月征等 ,流式细胞仪发现A5 49 TK、A5 49细胞亚G0 G1 期分别为 ( 12 .2 1± 1.76) %、( 1.3 2± 0 .47) % ,两者比较P <0 .0 1。结论　A5 49 TK细胞获得了对GCV敏感性 ,TK GCV杀灭肿瘤细胞与诱导凋亡有关。     

SHP-1 acts as a tumor suppressor by interacting with EGFR and predicts the prognosis of human breast cancer

Objective:The aims of this study were to examine the prognostic value of SHP-1 in breast cancer, its roles in the regulation of breast cancer cell growth and metastasis, and the underlying mechanisms.Methods:Tumor specimens from 160 patients with breast cancer and 160 noncancerous tissues were used to examine the expression of SHP-1 and to analyze its association with overall survival through Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses. RNA sequencing data and the expression and clinical importance of SHP-1 in breast cancer were evaluated with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to elucidate the effects of SHP-1 on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Confocal immunofluorescence and GST pulldown assays were used to demonstrate the interaction between SHP-1 and epidermal growth factor receptor, as well as its downstream pathways. Immunohistochemistry and The Cancer Genome Atlas database were used to investigate the clinical association between SHP-1 and EGFR in human breast cancer.Results:SHP-1 expression was associated with better survival in patients with breast cancer, whereas SHP-1 expression was negatively correlated with EGFR in human breast cancer. Ectopic SHP-1 expression significantly suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. SHP-1 knockdown induced a more invasive phenotype and accelerated cell growth. Mechanistically, EGFR, a protein directly interacting with SHP-1, mediates the SHP-1-induced inactivation of Ras/Erk/GSK3β signaling and its downstream effectors.Conclusions:SHP-1 is an important prognostic biomarker in patients with breast cancer, and the SHP-1-EGFR axis is a promising target for treatment.     

Histopathological findings in the inner ear of cats following stapes operation

Summary This paper presents the histopathological findings in the inner ear of cats following the stapes surgery. With the surgical technique modified by us, it is possible to diminish the chance of operative failures and offer more chances of success What is more, the suggested modification of making a small hole before perforating footplate seems to be favorable to preventing sudden decompression of the labyrinth and avoiding floating fragment of stapes footplate     

亚洲型髋关节髓内钉系统治疗股骨转子间骨折

目的分析亚洲型髋关节髓内钉系统（Asian intramedullary hip system,ASIAN IMHS）治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法2006年1月至2008年1月,应用ASIAN IMHS治疗34例股骨转子间骨折,骨折按AO／ASIF分型,31—A1型10例,31-A2型13例,31-A3型11例。结果32例患者获得6～18个月随访。骨折全部愈合,愈合时间为11～23周,平均14．5周,尖顶距平均值24mm,无术中并发症,无感染、深静脉血栓、髓内钉断裂、股骨干骨折、拉力螺钉松动断裂及切出股骨头、髋内翻畸形等并发症发生。结论ASIAN IMHS基于亚洲人解剖特点设计,治疗股骨转子间骨折具有操作步骤简单、创伤小、骨折同定确实、并发症少及患者町早期功能锻炼等优点,值得推荐。术中C臂正侧位测量克氏针尾端至关节面的距离之和对预防拉力螺钉切出股骨头有重要意义。     

金纳多联合针灸治疗感音性耳鸣的疗效观察

目的：观察金纳多联合针灸治疗感音性耳鸣的临床疗效。方法将81例患者随机单盲法分成两组,观察组（A组）41人,采用金纳多联合针灸耳穴治疗;对照组（B组）40人,血栓通联合针灸耳穴治疗,均以2周为1疗程,效差时连续下1疗程,共3个疗程,每疗程间隔3~4d。结果 A组：痊愈22例,显效7例,有效6例,显效率70.7%,总有效率87.5%;B组：治愈16例,显效6例,有效5例,显效率55.0%,总有效率为67.5%. A组总有效率明显高于B组（P〈0.01）。结论 A组治疗感音性耳鸣疗效优于B组,金纳多联合针灸治疗感音性耳鸣能有效提高有效率,值得推广应用。     

丙泊酚和硫喷妥钠对光化学诱导树血栓性脑缺血脑水含量和心功能的影响

目的探讨两种静脉麻醉药抗光化学诱导树局部脑缺血的脑保护作用.方法观察两种静脉麻醉药丙泊酚和硫喷妥钠在光化学诱导树血栓性脑缺血后4、24h对缺血中心区和半暗带脑水含量及心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、左室收缩压（LVSP）、心室内压变化最大速率（±dp/dtmax）、左室舒张末期压力（LVEDP）等指标的影响.结果光化学反应后4h丙泊酚组和硫喷妥钠组缺血半暗带脑水含量分别为（80.95±1.04）%和（83.44±1.33）%,光化学反应后24h则分别为（81.02±0.51）%和（84.04±0.97）%,说明丙泊酚可使缺血半暗带脑水含量的升高程度明显减轻;同时丙泊酚组的心功能变化趋势基本与硫喷妥钠组一致,但抑制程度稍轻.结论丙泊酚具有一定的脑保护作用,且较硫喷妥钠更为明显,亦更为安全.