吡哌酸锌对小鼠烫伤感染的体表保护作用

目的观察吡哌酸锌软膏对烫伤后常见的感染菌绿脓肝菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的保护作用，并与阳性对照药磺胺嘧啶银霜、磺胺嘧啶锌软膏进行对比。方法取18～22克小鼠，在麻醉下将其尾部造成烫伤，然后再分别将其尾部没入绿脓肝菌和金黄色葡萄球菌液内，使其感染，尾部套上塑料管，将不同浓度的吡哌酸锌，磺胺嘧啶锌软膏及磺胺嘧啶银霜注入管内，封闭，连续观察14d内小鼠死亡现象拼进行显著性检验；结果综合计算法计算各药ED50为：（1）金黄色葡萄球菌，吡哌酸锌软膏ED50=69．84±18．27mg·kg－1，磺胺嘧啶银霜ED50=73．49±19．98mg·kg。（2）绿脓杆菌，吡哌酸锌软ED50=58．16±15.22mg·kg－1，磺胺嘧啶银霜ED50=80．1±2.24mg·kg－1。磺胺嘧啶锌软膏浓度低于0．4％即有明显抗菌作用。结论吡哌酸锋软膏、磺胺嘧啶银霜、磺胺嘧啶软膏均有明显抗菌作用，前两者相比没有显著差异，但吡哌酸锌软膏的抗菌作用比磺胺胺嘧啶锌强。     

Anticocaine catalytic antibodies

Cocaine mediates its reinforcing and toxic actions through a "loss of function" effect at multiple receptors. The difficulties inherent in blocking a pleiotropic blocker pose a great obstacle for the classical receptor-antagonist approach and have contributed to the failure (to date) to devise specific treatments for cocaine overdose and addiction. As an alternative, we have embarked on an investigation of catalytic antibodies, a programmable class of artificial enzyme, as "peripheral blockers" -- agents designed to bind and degrade cocaine in the circulation before it partitions into the central nervous system to exert reinforcing or toxic effects. We synthesized transition-state analogs of cocaine's hydrolysis at its benzoyl ester, immunized mice, prepared hybridomas and developed the first anticocaine catalytic antibodies with the capacity to degrade cocaine to nonreinforcing, nontoxic products. We subsequently identified several families of anticocaine catalytic antibodies and found that the most potent antibody possessed sufficient activity to block cocaine-induced reinforcement, organ dysfunction and sudden death in rodent models of addiction, toxicity and overdose, respectively. With the potential to promote cessation of use, prolong abstinence and provide a treatment for acute overdose, the artificial enzyme approach comprehensively responds to the problem of cocaine.     

慢性乙型肝炎肝内HBV DNA和HBsAg的双标记定位研究

应用原位杂交和免疫组化PAP法双标记技术,结合病人乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒血清学标志物检测结果,研究了31例慢性乙肝病人肝穿刺组织中乙型肝炎病毒DNA(HBV DNA)和HBsAg的分布及意义。结果显示,肝组织内检出HBV DNA 23例,HBsAg 26例,二者同时检出者21例。从同组病人肝组织内HBV DNA和HBsAg双标检测结果与其乙肝病毒血清学标志物检测结果的比较来看,肝组织内HBV DNA和HBsAg同时阳性很可能表明HBV正处于复制及表达的活动状态。     

^60Coγ射线全身照射后大鼠空肠亮脑啡肽的变化

应用免疫细胞化学(ICC)和放射免疫分析(RIA)方法观察了大鼠4、25Gy~(60)Coγ射线照射后24,48和,72h空肠亮脑啡肽(L-ENK)样免疫反应性神经的分布和L-ENK含量的变化。结果:4Gy照射后24h以及25Gy照射后24,48和72h光镜下见空肠L-ENK样免疫反应性神经的分布密度稍有增加,4Gy照射后24h以及25Gy照射后24,48和72h空肠L-ENK含量分别为29.81±0.84pg/mg,34.96±4.38pg/mg,40.71±3.62pg/mg和38.93±2.31pg/mg,与正常对照组(18.26±1.95pg/mg)相比明显升高(P<9.01)。     

胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ在肝细胞癌的免疫组化研究

以兔抗胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ(IGF-2)的抗体,ABC法,对50例肝癌石蜡切片染色,结果:(1)正常肝有极微弱阳性,表明可分泌少量IGF-2;(2)癌旁肝27例,全部阳性,“++”者19例(70%),表明有大量IGF-2产生和存在;(3)50例肝癌,48例(96%)阳性,IGF-2呈胞浆弥散型分布,其中26例(52%)呈较强阳性(++),8例核内也有IGF-2,表明癌细胞能自己合成IGF-2为其恶性增殖创造条件,且不因分化程度之降低而有所减少;(4)IGF-2呈较强阳性(++)之细胞(包括小多角形肝细胞)既见于癌周肝,又见于慢性肝炎,表明胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ直接和增殖而非与癌变相关。     

NOD小鼠胸腺细胞TCR介导的信号通路缺陷

目的 进一步研究NOD小鼠T细胞应答改变机理。方法 用抗TCR抗体、ConA激活NOD小鼠胸腺细胞，分析TCR介导的信号通路的水平。结果 与Balb／c小鼠胸腺细胞相比，抗TCR抗体诱导的增殖应答较弱，与年龄及NOD胸腺CD4^ CD8^-和CD4^-CD8^ SP细胞有关；rIL-2能部分恢复对TCR抗体应答的缺乏。NOD小鼠对PMA IONO和PMA anti—TCR-mAb应答正常，但对anti-TCRmAb IONO应答缺乏。结论 与年龄有关的NOD小鼠胸腺细胞对TCR抗体应答的缺乏与T细胞激活时上游PKC信号通路的缺乏有关。     

Adult-onset type II citrullinemia and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis caused by citrin deficiency: involvement of the aspartate glutamate carrier for urea synthesis and maintenance of the urea cycle

Citrin is a mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier primarily expressed in the liver, heart, and kidney. We found that adult-onset type II citrullinemia is caused by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene that encodes for citrin. In this report, we describe the frequency of SLC25A13 mutations, the roles of citrin as a member of the urea cycle and as a member of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the relationship between its functions and symptoms of citrin deficiency, and therapeutic issues.     

毫米波辐射对植入前小鼠胚胎及早期胚胎的影响

本文报道小鼠受精卵体外及在体受毫米波辐照后一些改变。毫米波源为36.11GHz固态微波连续发生器,波长8mm,功率密度为10mW/cm~2、8mW/cm~2、4mW/cm~2及2mW/cm~2。结果发现2-4mW/cm~2毫米波辐照即可使体外培养之受精卵细胞表面微绒毛减少、脱落,细胞表面形成许多囊泡。透射电镜下可见细胞间隙扩大、胞浆中线粒体膨胀、空化,用FITC-ConA试验可见细胞表面结合荧光减少。酶试验证明辐照后卵胚细胞表面AKP,ATPase,5′-Nase均有降低。在体受精卵细胞经辐射后证明,辐射可使胎儿体重增长减慢,囊胚形成数量下降,植入率降低,而表面酶下降不明显。     

Novel micro-crosslinked poly(organophosphazenes) with improved mechanical properties and controllable degradation rate as potential biodegradable matrix

As biodegradable materials, linear polyphosphazenes undergo rapid hydrolysis degradation but exhibit poor mechanical properties. Blending with biodegradable polyesters or inorganic particles strengthen their mechanical properties but give rise to slower degradation rate. To balance the mechanical properties and the degradation rate, micro-crosslinked polyphosphazenes were synthesized in this study. Their glass transition temperatures, mechanical properties, and in vitro degradation behavior were investigated. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was firstly attached to the side chain along with glycine ethyl ester to prepare co-substituted poly(organophosphazene) with pendant ethenyl substituents. The co-substituted poly(organophosphazene) was blended with HEMA or acrylic acid (AA) followed by a free radical polymerization to prepare micro-crosslinked poly(organophosphazenes). The resulting crosslinked polymers showed two separate glass transition temperatures depending on the HEMA or AA feed. Incorporation of crosslinking affected the mechanical properties positively. Crosslinked poly(organophosphazenes) showed an approximately 11-17 fold increase in terms of modulus of elasticity when compared to the linear counterpart. In vitro degradation tests indicated that HEMA-crosslinked polymers hydrolyzed at a retarded rate while AA-crosslinked polymers hydrolyzed at a moderate rate compared to linear polymers.     

构建基于移动互联网的患者赋能型心衰健康管理平台

目的构建基于移动互联网的患者赋能型心衰健康管理平台,促进心衰患者进行自我管理,改善临床结局。方法开展课题研究型品管圈活动,搜集高质量临床证据,构建患者赋能型心衰健康管理平台,通过平台推广与应用,对心衰患者行为进行干预。结果平台应用后,医护人员心衰知识水平显著提升,心衰患者自我护理能力明显提升,患者再入院率、死亡率明显下降,应用效果良好。结论基于移动互联网的患者赋能型心衰健康管理平台是心衰慢性病管理的有效手段。