乳腺癌术后胸壁电子线放射治疗单野与分野计划比较

目的:乳腺癌术后胸壁电子线放射治疗时单野与分野治疗对整个胸壁照射区剂量分布比较。方法:对乳腺癌根治术后病人进行模拟CT定位,用Varian的Eclipse治疗计划系统进行CT图像重建、靶区勾画。6MeV或9MeV电子线对所勾画的靶区进行单野和分野计划设计,计算并比较整个靶区的剂量分布。结果:乳腺癌术后胸壁照射由单野改成二野照射后,80%剂量曲线所包靶区体积由47%上升到84%,90%剂量曲线所包靶区体积由28%上升到72%。结论:进行乳腺癌根治术后大胸壁电子线照射时,单野照射剂量分布不均且靠近内乳区和腋中线区剂量严重不足,若在病人体表弯曲处进行分野,分野后进行二野照射则大大提高内乳区和腋中线区的剂量,提高了整个靶区的剂量,从而满足临床剂量要求。     

广西地区非小细胞肺癌中K-ras基因点突变的研究

背景与目的近期研究显示存在K-ras基因突变的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者对表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR-TKIs)耐药。本研究检测广西地区NSCLC中K-ras基因密码子12、13及61点突变,旨在探讨K-ras基因突变与广西地区NSCLC的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism, PCR-SSCP)分析法与PCR-DNA序列分析法联合检测105例新鲜NSCLC手术切除标本和30例癌旁正常肺组织中K-ras基因密码子12、13及61点突变。结果 105例NSCLC癌组织及30例癌旁正常肺组织中无1例发生K-ras基因点突变,本研究选取的NSCLC病例组的K-ras基因突变率为0(0/105)。结论广西地区NSCLC中K-ras基因野生型的比例高,提示广西地区NSCLC患者更能从EG...     

AT1 blockade attenuates atherosclerotic plaque destabilization accompanied by the suppression of cathepsin S activity in apoE-deficient mice

Although it has been suggested that the renin–angiotensin (RA) system and cathepsins contribute to the development and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque, the interaction of the RA system and cathepsins is unclear. Thus, we investigated the effects of an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist, olmesartan, on the levels of cathepsins in brachiocephalic atherosclerotic plaque and plaque stabilization in apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice receiving a high-fat diet.Under a high fat diet, treatment with olmesartan (3 mg/kg per day) maintained collagen and elastin at high levels and attenuated the plaque development and cathepsin S (Cat S) level in the atherosclerotic plaque of apoE-deficient mice. The administration of olmesartan suppressed the accumulation of macrophages in plaque. Immunoreactivities of Cat S and AT1 were observed in macrophages. The amount of Cat S mRNA and the macrophage-mediated collagenolytic and elastolytic activities in cultured macrophages were increased by exposure to angiotensin II (Ang II), and these effects were diminished by olmesartan and the NADPH-oxidase inhibitor apocynin. These results suggested that Cat S derived from macrophages is involved in the mechanisms of atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability, and AT1 blocker maintained the plaque stabilization alongside the suppression of Cat S and macrophage activities.     

Targeting mycobacterium protein tyrosine phosphatase B for antituberculosis agents

Protein tyrosine phosphatases are often exploited and subverted by pathogenic bacteria to cause human diseases. The tyrosine phosphatase mPTPB from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an essential virulence factor that is secreted by the bacterium into the cytoplasm of macrophages, where it mediates mycobacterial survival in the host. Consequently, there is considerable interest in understanding the mechanism by which mPTPB evades the host immune responses, and in developing potent and selective mPTPB inhibitors as unique antituberculosis (antiTB) agents. We uncovered that mPTPB subverts the innate immune responses by blocking the ERK1/2 and p38 mediated IL-6 production and promoting host cell survival by activating the Akt pathway. We identified a potent and selective mPTPB inhibitor I-A09 with highly efficacious cellular activity, from a combinatorial library of bidentate benzofuran salicylic acid derivatives assembled by click chemistry. We demonstrated that inhibition of mPTPB with I-A09 in macrophages reverses the altered host immune responses induced by the bacterial phosphatase and prevents TB growth in host cells. The results provide the necessary proof-of-principle data to support the notion that specific inhibitors of the mPTPB may serve as effective antiTB therapeutics.     

吡咯列酮对2型糖尿病患者基质金属蛋白酶-9干预效果的临床研究

目的观察吡格列酮对2型糖尿病患者基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的影响并探讨其可能机理。方法选择符合WHO1999年诊断标准的2型糖尿病患者65例,随机分成治疗组（33例）和对照组（32例）。治疗组降糖药物选用胰岛素或磺脲类＋吡格列酮;对照组仅用胰岛素或磺脲类控制血糖,其他常规治疗药物中不用二甲双胍、血管转换酶抑制剂、阿司匹林、他汀类、维生素C、维生素E等药物．疗程6个月。所有患者治疗前后均于清晨空腹抽血,留取标本,用于基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的测定。结果65例患者共有61例完成了本观察,两组患者治疗后MMP-9较治疗前有明显降低（均P〈0．05）,治疗后两组相比治疗组MMP-9下降水平明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）。在治疗中无1例患者出现明显不良反应。结论吡格列酮除具有降血糖作用外,还具有降低糖尿病患者血中MMP-9水平,改善2型糖尿病患者抗动脉粥样硬化能力的作用。     

不同炮制程度牡丹皮炭中5-羟甲基糠醛的含量变化

目的:研究牡丹皮炮制过程中5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)含量的变化。方法:取经不同程度炒炭工艺制得的丹皮炭品,加70%乙醇20mL超声2次,每次30min,采用高效液相色谱法测定其中5-HMF的含量。结果:320℃以前,5-HMF的含量随炒制时间和炒制温度的增加而升高,但温度达到320℃时,随炒制时间增加,其含量开始降低。结论:不同炮制程度对牡丹皮炭中5-HMF的含量影响较大。本研究为进一步研究丹皮炭的止血机制和控制其质量提供了理论依据。