晶体玻璃体视网膜联合手术治疗复杂性视网膜脱离

目的探讨玻璃体视网膜手术（ｖｉｔｒｅｒｅｔｉｎａｌｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ＶＲ术）联合晶体切除／超声粉碎的效果。方法对８１例（８１只眼）应用晶体玻璃体视网膜联合手术（ｌｅｎｔｉｃｕｌａｒ－ｖｉｔｒｅｏｒｅｔｉｎａｌｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ＬＶＲ术）治疗的复杂性视网膜脱离进行回顾性分析。结果解剖性成功者６４只眼（７９．０１％），功能性成功者４５只眼（５５．５６％）；手术成功率显著降低的原因是前部增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｖｉｔｒｅｏ－ｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＰＶＲ）（成功率４２．８６％，Ｐ＜０．０１）和术中／术后眼内出血（成功率５８．８２％，Ｐ＜０．０２５）。结论ＬＶＲ术是治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的主要方法；显著影响手术预后的因素是前部ＰＶＲ和术中／术后眼内出血。     

Evidence that the Receptor for Soluble CD14:LPS Complexes may not be the Putative Signal-Transducing Molecule Associated with Membrane-Bound CD14

Membrane-bound CD14 acts as a receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. Studies have suggested that the activation of monocytes/macrophages by the binding of LPS to membrane-bound CD14 may require the association of a signal-transducing molecule with membrane-bound CD14. The observation that non-CD14 expressing cells, such as endothelial cells, can nevertheless be activated by a complex of LPS and a soluble form of CD14 (sCD14) suggests that the receptor for this complex may be identical to the signal transducing molecule associated with membrane-bound CD14. The studies described show that two CD14-specific MoAb are able to block the LPS-induced activation of endothelial cells but do not affect the response of monocytes to LPS. This suggests that the interaction of the sCD14:LPS complex with endothelial cells is distinct from the interaction of membrane-bound CD14 with its putative signal-transducing molecule.     

外阴汗腺癌七例临床分析

目的：总结外阴汗腺癌的临床特点及治疗方法。方法：对７例外阴汗腺癌病例进行回顾性分析。结果：外阴汗腺癌的发病年龄为４０～５８岁。７例患者的治疗为局部扩大切除或根治性外阴广泛切除，２例辅以术后放疗。７例中５例存活５年以上，其中１例曾在首次治疗后第７年、１１年２次复发并于第１７年死于肿瘤。２例存活＜５年，１例在术后２年半死于脑出血，１例因脊椎广泛转移在术后１年零９个月死亡。结论：外阴汗腺癌的预后较好，局部扩大切除或根治性外阴切除，是首选治疗方法。     

High-resolution loading tests in the study of genetic heterogeneity in gangliosidosis fibroblasts

Summary GM₁- and GM₂-gangliosides were isolated from brain and radio-labelled. The labelled moieties were localized by hydrolysis with lysosomal enzymes, followed by thin-layer chromatography of the products. High-resolution loading tests with labelled gangliosides were developed and found to differentiate infantile and juvenile forms of GM₁- and GM₂-gangliosidoses as well as the identification of B, O and AB types of GM₂-gangliosidosis.     

人体蠕形螨的生物学研究

用透明胶带法观察蠕形螨在人体面部的寄生、逸出及其在体外的存活能力。结果表明：毛囊蠕形螨（Ｄｅｍｏｄ－ｅｘｆｏｌｉｃｕｌｏｒｕｍ，Ｄ．ｆ．）主要以颚体朝向毛囊底部寄生，且常常有多条群居现象，而皮脂蠕形螨，（Ｄｅｍｏｄｅｘｂｒｅｖｉｓ，Ｄ．ｂ．）一般为单条独居生活。两种人体蠕形螨昼夜均可主动爬出毛囊口出现在皮肤表面，Ｄ．ｆ．以白天１０００～１８００为逸出高峰；Ｄ．ｂ．则以夜间２２００～２００逸出最多。此外，蠕形螨在体外有较强的活动力和存活力。透明胶带法在人体蠕形螨的流行病学调查和生物学研究方面具有较高的应用价值     

Reflex Cardiorespiratory Effects of Nociceptive Oesophageal Distension in the Decerebrate Rat

It is well established that painful distension of hollow viscera such as the oesophagus can evoke a reflex tachycardia and pressor response; however, the nature of the oesophageal afferent pathway(s) remains controversial. This study investigated the afferent arc which mediates these reflex cardiovascular changes in the decerebrate rat. In addition, the effect of oesophageal distension on the respiratory activity of the costal diaphragm was studied. Focal distension of the oesophagus (volume of 0.3 ml applied for 10 s) just above the diaphragmatic hiatus evoked a reproducible pressor response and tachycardia in the decerebrate rat. Respiration was transiently inhibited at the beginning of oesophageal distension and prior to the rise in blood pressure. Neuromuscular blockade with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor blocker alpha-bungarotoxin (140 microg bolus) had no effect on the magnitude of the cardiovascular response. Therefore the efferent supply to the striated muscle of the rat oesophagus was not essential in mediating this reflex. Signal averaging of the mean blood pressure response showed that neither selective ablation of oesophageal spinal afferents nor bilateral vagotomy altered the early trajectory of the pressure response. Bilateral vagotomy reduced the peak magnitude of the response to sustained oesophageal distension. In contrast, selective removal of spinal afferents had no effect on the response. Ablation of both neural pathways was essential to abolish the reflex cardiovascular and respiratory responses. It can be concluded that both vagal and spinal afferent pathways are utilised in the reflex cardiorespiratory response to painful oesophageal distension. Although ablation of one neural pathway had no effect on the response it was still implicated in the reflex, since ablation of both pathways was necessary to prevent the cardiorespiratory changes. This study emphasises the need for caution when inferences are made concerning single selective ablations of multiply innervated organs.