健康志愿者口服氨氯地平片的药代动力学和生物等效性研究

目的:研究氨氯地平进口片和国产片在健康志愿者体内的药代动力学及相对生物利用度.方法:单次口服10mg氨氯地平片,用高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度,3p97程序处理数据.结果:两种制剂降压平稳,72 h内均有降压作用.受试制剂和参比制剂的主要药代动力学参数,峰时间(Tmax)分别为(5.22±1.70),(5.89±1.28)h;峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(6.98±1.30),(6.95±1.15)ng/mL;消除半衰期[T1/2(he)]分别为(38.02±7.30),(41.03±11.62)h;药时曲线下面积(AUC0-72)分别为(244.96±55.80),(243.68±46.87)ng·h/mL;氨氯地平国产片的相对生物利用度平均为(100.7±12.5)%.结论:两种制剂生物等效.     

高效液相色谱法测定血浆中雷贝拉唑的浓度

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定血浆中雷贝拉唑的浓度.方法:血浆样品经处理后,选用Shim-pack VP-ODS柱(150mm×4.6 mm,5μm),0.05 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液(0.1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液调pH 7.0)-乙腈(69:31)为流动相,检测波长为284 nm.结果:雷贝拉唑血药浓度的线性范围为5.46～2 184.61μg·L-1(r=0.999 9),提取回收率78.25%～89.60%,方法回收率94.56%～97.69%,日内、日间RSD分别为3.52%和4.60%.结论:该方法准确、灵敏,适于雷贝拉唑药动学研究.     

葛根素注射液对急性脑缺血模型大鼠脑细胞损伤后Fas蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨葛根素注射液对急性脑缺血模型大鼠脑细胞损伤后Fas表达的影响.方法:采用闭夹大脑中动脉造成大鼠局部急性脑缺血模型,用免疫组化SP法测定Fas表达情况,光镜观察脑组织损伤程度.结果:葛根素组死亡细胞数显著少于对照组(P＜0.01),葛根素组与对照组比较Fas阳性细胞数差异无显著意义(P＞0.05),各组Fas阳性细胞数与死亡细胞数间无明显相关性(P＞0.05).结论:葛根素对急性脑缺血模型大鼠脑细胞损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能主要通过上调HSP70蛋白的表达而实现,而与Fas蛋白的表达及细胞凋亡等相关不强.     

Primary tumors and mediastinal lymph nodes after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy of lung cancer: serial CT findings with pathologic correlation

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to describe the changes of primary tumor and mediastinal lymph nodes on CT after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy and to correlate the CT findings with pathology. METHOD: Twenty-one consecutive patients [N2 disease (n = 19) or resectable T4 and N2 disease (n = 2)] with non-small cell lung cancer underwent neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Changes of primary tumor and mediastinal nodes before and after the therapy were assessed using CT. The CT findings were correlated with pathologic findings. RESULTS: With neoadjuvant therapy, decrease in T stage was achieved in 9 of 21 (43%) patients on CT. On pathology, the remaining tumor consisted mostly of fibrosis and necrosis with little proportion of viable tumor cells (mean volume 17%, range 0-55%). Decrease in nodal stage was achieved in 14 of 21 (67%) patients on pathologic examination. Seven patients had cancer cells in mediastinal lymph nodes: in 6 of 9 (67%) patients with adenocarcinoma and 1 of 12 (8%) patients with squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.016). CONCLUSION: With neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the remaining tumor consists mostly of fibrosis or necrosis. Decreased nodal stage on pathology is achieved especially in patients with N2 disease of squamous cell carcinoma. The CT findings of the tumor and mediastinal nodes are not helpful in predicting the pathology after the therapy.     

二苯乙烯苷对D-半乳糖拟痴呆小鼠海马基因表达的影响

目的　应用cDNA芯片探索二苯乙烯苷(TSG)干预D 半乳糖皮下注射的拟痴呆 (AD)小鼠海马的靶基因。方法　D 半乳糖 (5 0mg·kg- 1·d- 1,6 0d)皮下注射为模型组 ,造模加TSG (0 .1g·kg- 1·d- 1)灌胃为TSG组 ,对照组只注射相同体积的生理盐水。每组 6只小鼠用Morris水迷宫测试学习记忆能力。取海马组织抽提RNA ,掺入荧光分子Cy3和Cy5逆转录合成cDNA探针。以模型比正常组和TSG比正常组为组合混合探针 ,与两张小鼠 4 0 0 0点cDNA芯片杂交 ,经荧光信号扫描及GenePixPro3.0分析TSG组AD疾病相关基因调控得到改善的基因。结果　TSG可缩短小鼠游至目标的距离和时间 ,说明改善了学习记忆能力。TSG组与模型组表达差异的基因有 2 9条上调 ,12条下调 ,其中与AD相关的有 11条。结论　基因表达结果说明 ,TSG可能使能量代谢与神经营养作用增强 ,炎性反应和转录整体水平下降。     

盐酸左氧氟沙星片剂和胶囊剂人体生物等效性研究

目的:评价受试制剂盐酸左氧氟沙星片和胶囊与参比片剂人体生物等效性.方法:采用3制剂3周期的优化拉丁方试验设计,24名健康男性受试者分别口服单剂量3种左氧氟沙星制剂200 mg,HPLC法测定血浆中左氧氟沙星的浓度.结果:受试制剂盐酸左氧氟沙星片、盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊和参比制剂的cmax分别为(2.24±0.33)、(2.37±0.48)和(2.05±0.37)μg/ml;tmax分别为(0.94±0.43)、(0.85±0.38)和(1.07±0.42)h;t1/2分别为(6.46±0.56)、(6.50±0.68)和(6.40±0.66)h;AUC0-24分别为(16.13±2.00)、(17.12±2.47)和(15.37±2.20)μg·h·ml-1;AUC0-∞分别为(17.46±2.34)、(18.53±2.83)和(16.63±2.59)μg·h·ml-1.受试制剂盐酸左氧氟沙星片和盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊相对于参比制剂的生物利用度分别为(105.6±8.7)%和(112.0±11.6)%.结论:受试制剂盐酸左氧氟沙星片和盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊与参比制剂盐酸左氧氟沙星片具有生物等效性.     

李祥云补肾祛瘀法治疗不孕症经验介绍

李祥云治疗不孕症倡导肾虚血瘀为不孕症的主要病机 ,临证辨证与辨病相结合 ,立补肾祛瘀为法 ,临床治疗黄体功能不全、多囊卵巢综合症、子宫内膜异位症等引起的不孕疗效确切     

Alveolar soft part sarcoma: MR and angiographic findings

Objective. To present the MR and angiographic findings of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS). Design and patients. MR examinations (12 tumors of 10 patients) of ASPS performed at multiple hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. The tumors were found in the thigh (n=4), lower leg (n=4), femur (n=2, local metastasis), scalp (n=1) and arm (n=1). The MR signal characteristics including signal intensity, homogeneity and signal void of lesions and bony invasion including direct invasion or local metastasis were evaluated. Angiographic findings (n=4) and post-embolotherapy follow-up MR imaging (n=2) findings were also assessed. Results. Local bony metastasis was found in two cases. Seven tumors showed heterogeneous high signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images with good enhancement. One tumor had a very high signal on T1-weighted images. Eight tumors (67%) showed numerous signal voids in or near the tumors. All four angiographic studies showed numerous enlarged vessels, arteriovenous shunts and delayed washout. Two cases mimicked arteriovenous malformations on angiographic studies but MR images demonstrated solid soft tissue components as well as tortuous vessels. Conclusions. High signal on T1-weighted image and numerous signal voids are highly suggestive of ASPS, although they are not universal as has been suggested and arteriovenous malformation should be included in the differential diagnosis. Local bony metastases in ASPS were seen in two cases and should be carefully investigated. Received: 12 April 2000 Revision requested: 27 June 2000, 8 August 2000 Revision received: 2 August 2000, 21 August 2000 Accepted: 22 August 2000     

超滤法在海洋真菌多糖分离纯化工艺中的应用

目的用超滤法代替透析法去除海洋真菌多糖提取液中的单糖等小分子杂质。方法采用中空纤维超滤膜 ,对多糖去蛋白质后的提取液通过超滤去除小分子杂质 ,同一批提取液中取出部分用透析法处理 ,作平行对照。结果原液浓度、操作压力等影响参数优化后得到的产品 ,多糖得率和含量都不低于对照组 ,而且洗脱曲线也与对照组相似。结论超滤法适用于海洋真菌多糖的分离纯化 ,可供中试生产使用     

血管紧张肽Ⅱ受体拮抗剂的药动学与临床用药

血管紧张肽Ⅱ受体拮抗剂 (ARB)是一类在血管紧张肽Ⅱ 1型受体 (AT1受体 )水平拮抗血管紧张肽Ⅱ (ATⅡ )的降压药物。它们的药动学各具特色 ,因而具有不同的临床用药特点。氯沙坦 (losar tan)经细胞色素P 450 (CYP) 3A4及 2C9介导转化成其活性代谢物EXP31 74,故在肝功能不全时应减半量使用。替米沙坦 (telmisartan)的T1 / 2 最长 ,谷 /峰比最大 ,与地高辛合用时应动态监测地高辛血浓度 ,以免洋地黄中毒。由于ARB存在降压作用的平台反应 ,单一用药无法控制血压时 ,可联合应用利尿剂或钙拮抗剂。本文就ARB的药动学、降压治疗用药、联合用药 ,肝、肾功能不全时用药及药物相互作用作一综述