异氟醚控制性降压对颅内动脉瘤夹闭术血中S100B含量的影响

目的　测定颅内动脉瘤夹闭前后血中S1 0 0B蛋白含量 ,研究异氟醚控制性降压对脑功能的影响。方法　择期颅内动脉瘤夹闭术病人 30例 ,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,随机分为两组 :异氟醚降压组 (n=1 5 )和异氟醚非降压组 (n =1 5 )。非降压组术中吸入 1MAC异氟醚维持麻醉。降压组行异氟醚控制性降压 ,平均动脉压下降幅度 30 %～ 4 0 % ,夹闭动脉瘤后降低异氟醚吸入浓度 ,终止降压。分别于切皮前、动脉瘤夹闭后即刻、2、4h、术后第 1、2天取血测定S1 0 0B蛋白含量 ,并于术后 1周随访病人 ,记录有无术后神经系统并发症。结果　 (1 )异氟醚降压后 30min平均动脉压由诱导前的 (95 2± 1 2 3)mmHg降至 (5 8 8± 5 4 )mmHg ,停止降压后 30min血压回升至 (75 1± 8 3)mmHg。降压后外周血管阻力及心肌收缩加速度下降 ,但心率及心输出量均无显著性变化 ;(2 )异氟醚降压组与非降压组间同一时间点血中S1 0 0B蛋白浓度无明显差异。降压组术后第 1天及第 2天血中S1 0 0B蛋白浓度均显著升高 (F =2 94 4 ,P =0 0 1 8)。结论　在颅内动脉瘤夹闭术中应用异氟醚控制性降压可能加重了术后脑损伤 ,不利于病人围麻醉期脑功能的保护     

Benign osteoblastoma of the occipital bone: Case report and literature review

We present a case of benign osteoblastoma of the occipital bone. Benign osteoblastoma is an uncommon primary bone tumor, which usually involves the vertebrae and the long bones. This tumor rarely develops in the calvaria, showing a preference for the temporal and frontal bones when it does. To the best of our knowledge, this case is only the eighth reported case of benign osteoblastoma confined to the occipital bone. A 20‐year‐old male presented with a mild tender mass lesion of the occipital area, just below the lambda. Plain X‐ray films and CT scans demonstrated an osteolytic mass surrounded by the sclerotic rim within the diploic space. MRI proved to be effective for the evaluation of the intracranial and intraosseous extensions of the tumor. However, it was very difficult to formulate a differential diagnosis against other osteoblastic tumors, or osteoid osteoma, in view of its radiological appearance. The final diagnosis was obtained by careful consideration of the histopathological characteristics of the tumor combined with its clinical and radiological features. Although generally regarded as benign, a complete resection is preferred over conventional curettage as this can guard against possible recurrence and malignant transformation.     

Huge gastric diospyrobezoars successfully treated by oral intake and endoscopic injection of Coca-Cola

A diospyrobezoar is a type of phytobezoar that is considered to be harder than any other types of phytobezoars. Here, we describe a new treatment modality, which effectively and easily disrupted huge gastric diospyrobezoars. A 41-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus was admitted with lower abdominal pain and vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed three huge, round diospyrobezoars in the stomach. He was made to drink two cans of Coca-Cola every 6 h. At endoscopy the next day, the bezoars were partially dissolved and turned to be softened. We performed direct endoscopic injection of Coca-Cola into each bezoar. At repeated endoscopy the next day, the bezoars were completely dissolved.     

Further studies on interactions between periaqueductal gray, nucleus accumbens and habenula in antinociception.

Previous findings from this laboratory with the intracerebral microinjection technique suggested that the periaqueductal gray (PAG), nucleus accumbens, and habenula might constitute a unidirectional loop to play their roles in pain modulation. In the present study we demonstrate that intra-habenular injection of naloxone antagonizes the analgesia elicited by morphine injected into the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and that intra-accumbens injection of naloxone is capable of attenuating the analgesic effects of morphine injected into the habenula. These results indicate that the relationships between these nuclei may be more complex than the putative unidirectional loop.     

Transdermal permeation-enhancing activities of some inorganic anions

Effects of sodium salts of various monovalent inorganic anions on transdermal permeation of salicylic acid were investigated. In in-vitro experiment using a Franz-type diffusion cell and excised mouse skin, the permeation-enhancing activities of the sodium salts of inorganic anions were roughly proportional to lyotropic Hofmeister swelling abilities of the anions; F^?<SO₄ ^2?<Cl^? <ClO₄ ^?<NO₃ <SCN^? <Br <I^?, i.e. l, Br and SCN increased the flux of drugs through the mouse skin, while F^?, SO₄ ^2?, Cl^?, ClO₄ ^? and NO₃ ^? decreased or did not affect the flux. In invivo experiment using the rabbit as the test animal, the plasma concentration of salicylic acid of the rabbit to which 10%-salicylic acid ointment containing 5%-Nal or NaBr was applied was significantly higher than that of the rabbit to which the ointment without the electrolytes was applied. The amounts of sterol leached out of stratum corneum sheet when the sheet was immersed in aqueous solutions of Nal, NaBr, or NaSCN were much more than that of stratum corneum immersed in aqueous solutions of the other inorganic anions. The FTIR/ATR spectroscopy showed that the peaks at 2853 cm^?1 and 2924 cm^?1 in the IR absorption spectrum of the stratum corneum sheet of the mouse were shifted to higher frequencies by the anions which enhanced the transdermal drug permeation, while not shifted by the anions which did not have any permeation-enhancing activities or have permeation-reducing activities. These results suggest that sodium salts of some anions such as iodide, bromide and thiocyanate enhance transdermal permeation of salicylic acid through swelling and perturbation of the skin structure by these anions.     

Two novel gastric cancer-associated genes identified by differential display

AIM To clone novel gastric cancer-associated genes and investigate their roles in gastric cancer occurrence.METHODS A method called differential display was used which allows the identification of differentially expressed genes by using PAGE to display PCR-amplified cDNA fragments between gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosa cells. These fragments were cloned into plasmid vector pUC18. Homology analysis was made after sequencing these fragments.RESULTS Two novel genes were identified compared with sequences from GenBank. One was registered with the AD number AF 051783. In situ hybridization showed that these two novel genes expressed specifically in gastric cancer tissues.CONCLUSION The two novel genes obtained by differential display were confirmed to be gastric cancer-associated genes using in situ hybridization.