全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1767篇 |
免费 | 233篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 79篇 |
儿科学 | 58篇 |
妇产科学 | 22篇 |
基础医学 | 132篇 |
口腔科学 | 39篇 |
临床医学 | 276篇 |
内科学 | 345篇 |
皮肤病学 | 104篇 |
神经病学 | 50篇 |
特种医学 | 174篇 |
外科学 | 321篇 |
综合类 | 95篇 |
现状与发展 | 30篇 |
预防医学 | 79篇 |
眼科学 | 23篇 |
药学 | 97篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 91篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 18篇 |
2023年 | 180篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 59篇 |
2019年 | 26篇 |
2018年 | 59篇 |
2017年 | 50篇 |
2016年 | 43篇 |
2015年 | 65篇 |
2014年 | 89篇 |
2013年 | 74篇 |
2012年 | 47篇 |
2011年 | 50篇 |
2010年 | 89篇 |
2009年 | 95篇 |
2008年 | 47篇 |
2007年 | 80篇 |
2006年 | 51篇 |
2005年 | 39篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 34篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 34篇 |
1998年 | 40篇 |
1997年 | 53篇 |
1996年 | 43篇 |
1995年 | 47篇 |
1994年 | 39篇 |
1993年 | 40篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 45篇 |
1988年 | 27篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 18篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 18篇 |
排序方式: 共有2018条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
Classifying CT/MR findings in patients with suspicion of hepatocellular carcinoma: Comparison of liver imaging reporting and data system and criteria‐free Likert scale reporting models 下载免费PDF全文
33.
34.
35.
F. Wang MClinEpid FRACS A. J. Gill MD FRACP M. Neale MM FRACS V. Puttaswamy MBBS FRACS S. Gananadha MS FRACS N. Pavlakis PhD FRACP S. Clarke MD FRACP T. J. Hugh MD FRACS J. S. Samra DPhil FRACS 《Annals of surgical oncology》2014,21(6):1937-1947
Background
Although pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) with mesenterico-portal vein resection (VR) can be performed safely in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the impact of this approach on long-term survival is controversial.Patients and Methods
Analyses of a prospectively collected database revealed 122 consecutive patients with PDAC who underwent PD with (PD+VR) or without (PD?VR) VR between January 2004 and May 2012. Clinical data, operative results, and survival outcomes were analysed.Results
Sixty-four (53 %) patients underwent PD+VR. The majority (84 %) of the venous reconstructions were performed with a primary end-to-end anastomosis. Demographic and postoperative outcomes were similar between the two groups. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, and blood transfusion requirement were significantly greater in the PD+VR group compared with the PD?VR group. Furthermore, the tumor size was larger, and the rates of periuncinate neural invasion and positive resection margin were higher in the PD+VR group compared with the PD?VR group. Histological venous involvement occurred in 47 of 62 (76 %) patients in the PD+VR group. At a median follow-up of 29 months, the median overall survival (OS) was 18 months for the PD+VR group, and 31 months for the PD?VR group (p = 0.016). ASA score, lymph node metastasis, neurovascular invasion, and tumor differentiation were predictive of survival. The need for VR in itself was not prognostic of survival.Conclusions
PD with VR has similar morbidity but worse OS compared with a PD?VR. Although VR is not predictive of survival, tumors requiring a PD+VR have more adverse biological features. 相似文献36.
37.
38.
Jingfu Cui Mo Zhu Shijun ZhuGuixian Wang MM Yaozeng XuDechun Geng MD PhD 《The Journal of surgical research》2014
Background
Wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis that results in aseptic loosening is the most common cause of long-term failure after total joint replacement.Materials and methods
Icariin (ICA), a flavonoid isolated from Epimedium pubescens, inhibits osteoclast formation, but its effects on wear particle-induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the role of ICA in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7), which is stimulated by titanium (Ti) particles and the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand.Results
ICA effectively inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption in the differentiation medium. ICA (10−7 mol/L) significantly reduced the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells compared with the control, and significantly reduced the percentage of the surface covered by resorption lacunae. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that ICA inhibited messenger RNA expression for the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB, cathepsin K, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by Ti particles and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand. ICA also reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in RAW264.7 cells cultured with Ti particles. In addition, incubation with cholecystokinin-8 showed that ICA had no toxic effects on RAW264.7 cells.Conclusions
ICA possibly elicited inhibitory effects on inflammatory osteoclastogenesis induced by Ti particles, indicating that ICA may be useful for the prevention and treatment of wear particle-induced osteolysis. 相似文献39.
Xianlin Xu Min Fan Xiaozhou He Jipu LiuJiandi Qin MM Jianan Ye MM 《The Journal of surgical research》2014
Aim
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been considered as the major cause of acute kidney injury and can result in poor long-term graft function. Functional recovery after IRI is impaired in the elderly. In the present study, we aimed to compare kidney morphology, function, oxidative stress, inflammation, and development of renal fibrosis in young and aged rats after renal IRI.Materials and methods
Rat models of warm renal IRI were established by clamping left pedicles for 45 min after right nephrectomy, then the clamp was removed, and kidneys were reperfused for up to 12 wk. Biochemical and histologic renal damage were assessed at 12 wk after reperfusion. The immunohistochemical staining of monocyte macrophage antigen-1 (ED-1) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and messenger RNA level of TGF-β1 in the kidney were analyzed.Results
Renal IRI caused significant increases of malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels and a decrease of superoxide dismutase activity in young and aged IRI rats; however, these changes were more obvious in the aged rats. IRI resulted in severe inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis with decreased creatinine (Cr) clearance and increased histologic damage in aged rats compared with young rats. Moreover, we measured the ratio of Cr clearance between young and aged IRI rats. It demonstrated that aged IRI rats did have poor Cr clearance compared with the young IRI rats. ED-1 and TGF-β1 expression levels in the kidney were significantly higher in aged rats than in young rats after IRI.Conclusion
Aged rats are more susceptible to IRI-induced renal failure, which may associate with the increased oxidative stress, increased histologic damage, and increased inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Targeting oxidative stress and inflammatory response should improve the kidney recovery after IRI. 相似文献40.