Uncemented versus cemented arthroplasty after metal-on-metal total hip replacement in patients with femoral neck fractures: a retrospective study

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical outcomes of primary metal-on-metal total hip replacement (MoM-TR) converted to uncemented total hip replacement (UTR) or cemented total hip replacement (CTR) in patients with femoral neck fractures (AO/OTA: 31B/C).MethodsPatient data of 234 UTR or CTR revisions after primary MoM-TR failure from March 2007 to January 2018 were retrospectively identified. Clinical outcomes, including the Harris hip score (HHS) and key orthopaedic complications, were collected at 3, 6, and 12 months following conversion and every 12 months thereafter.ResultsThe mean follow-up was 84.12 (67–100) months for UTR and 84.23 (66–101) months for CTR. At the last follow-up, the HHS was better in the CTR- than UTR-treated patients. Noteworthy dissimilarities were correspondingly detected in the key orthopaedic complication rates (16.1% for CTR vs. 47.4% for UTR). Statistically significant differences in specific orthopaedic complications were also detected in the re-revision rate (10.3% for UTR vs. 2.5% for CTR), prosthesis loosening rate (16.3% for UTR vs. 5.9% for CTR), and periprosthetic fracture rate (12.0% for UTR vs. 4.2% for CTR).ConclusionIn the setting of revision of failed primary MoM-TR, CTR may demonstrate advantages over UTR in improving functional outcomes and reducing key orthopaedic complications.     

Regulatory Mechanism of MicroRNA-30b on Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)

ObjectiveThis study is to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-30b in the pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in neonates.MethodsTotally 26 cases of neonatal HIE were included in this study. The protein expression levels of CD26P and PAI-1 were detected with ELISA. Serum levels of miR-30b and PAI-1 mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were cultured under hypoxic condition, and the intracellular expression levels of miR-30b and PAI-1 were evaluated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the interaction between miR-30b and PAI-1.ResultsCompared with the control group, both the mRNA and protein expression levels of PAI-1 in the serum were up-regulated in the neonates with HIE, together with up-regulated serum CD26P levels. However, the serum expression level of miR-30b was down-regulated in neonatal HIE. In hypoxia-induced HBMECs, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PAI-1 were significantly up-regulated, while the miR-30b expression level was significantly down-regulated. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that PAI-1 was the direct target of miR-30b.ConclusionNeonatal HIE is accompanied with abnormal platelet activation, significantly up-regulated serum PAI-1 expression levels, and down-regulated miR-30b expression. MiR-30b might regulate the disease pathogenesis and immune responses via modulating PAI-1.     

异常凝血酶原在肝癌临床诊疗中的应用价值

【摘要】 原发性肝癌（PHC）是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在全球的发病率和病死率也居高位。尽管肝癌诊断和治疗技术正在不断完善,肝癌的预后仍不甚理想。原因主要在于肝癌的早期检出率较低,使得根治性措施难以实施。血清异常凝血酶原（PIVKA）-II是近年来国内外学者广泛关注的血清学标志物。本文综合介绍其在肝癌诊断、疗效评价、预后监测等方面的临床应用。     

前列腺癌骨转移瘤99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT显像标准化摄取值测量的一致性

目的评价前列腺癌骨转移瘤⁹⁹T^cm-MDP SPECT/CT显像标准化摄取值(SUV)在观察者内和观察者间重复测量的一致性,为采用SUV评价骨转移瘤治疗效果提供参考。资料与方法回顾性分析47例经病理确诊的前列腺癌患者的⁹⁹T^cm-MDP SPECT/CT全身骨显像资料,由2名核医学医师采用Q Metrix软件重复两次(间隔4周)独立分析,共获得92组骨转移瘤的体积、平均SUV(SUVmean)和最大SUV(SUVmax)。分别采用组内相关系数(ICC)、Bland-Altman图和差异性系数(CV)分析观察者内和观察者间测量结果的重复性和变异性。结果病灶体积和SUVmean在观察者内和观察者间具有极好的重复性(ICC=0.948~0.979);Bland-Altman分析显示,最多6.5%的点数位于95%一致性界限外。观察者间两次测量中,SUVmean的CV均显著高于SUVmax,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论同一观察者或不同观察者定量分析前列腺癌骨转移瘤⁹⁹T^cm-MDP摄取水平时,SUVmax比SUVmean的一致性更好。     

Altered coupling of cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity strength in visual and higher order cognitive cortices in primary open angle glaucoma

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) has been suggested to be a neurodegenerative disease associated with altered cerebral vascular hemodynamics and widespread disruption of neuronal activity within the visual, working memory, attention and executive networks. We hypothesized that disturbed neurovascular coupling in visual and higher order cognitive cortices exists in POAG patients and correlates with glaucoma stage and visual field defects. Through multimodal magnetic resonance imaging, we evaluated the cerebral blood flow (CBF)-functional connectivity strength (FCS) correlations of the whole gray matter and CBF/FCS ratio per voxel for all subjects. Compared with normal controls, POAG patients showed reduced global CBF-FCS coupling and altered CBF/FCS ratios, predominantly in regions in the visual cortex, salience network, default mode network, and dorsal attentional network. The CBF/FCS ratio was negatively correlated with glaucoma stage, and positively correlated with visual field defects in the lingual gyrus in POAG patients. Moreover, early brain changes were detected in early POAG. These findings indicate neurovascular coupling dysfunction might exist in the visual and higher order cognitive cortices in POAG patients and its clinical relevance. The results may contribute to the monitoring of POAG progression and provide insight into the pathophysiology of the neurodegenerative process in POAG.     

Deletions and duplications of 42 Y chromosomal short tandem repeats in Chinese Han population

International Journal of Legal Medicine - Genotypes of 42 Y chromosome STR (Y-STR) loci were analyzed for a sample of 1420 unrelated males and 1160 father-son pairs from a Chinese Han population....     

Chitin derived biochar for efficient capacitive deionization performance

The selection and preparation of an electrode material is the core of capacitive deionization. In order to obtain a material with a good deionization properties, we have designed an environmentally-friendly and simple way of preparing biochar. In this work, biochar was prepared by a thermal-deposition method and after chemical modification it was characterized with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The specific surface area of biochar modified by KOH is as high as 833.76 m² g⁻¹, but the specific surface area of the unmodified electrode material is only 126.43 m² g⁻¹. The electrochemical analysis (CV and EIS) of the biochar indicates that HC-800 has a lower charge transfer resistance and a higher specific capacitance, where the specific capacity of HC-800 reaches 120 F g⁻¹. A CDI property analysis of HC-800 shows a better electrosorption capacity of 11.52 mg g⁻¹ and better regeneration and cycling stability than CS-800. The desalination amount remains 87.23% after several cycles.

Schematic illustration of the fabrication of chitin derived biochar and KOH-activated chitin derived biochar electrodes for capacitive deionization.