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81.
The cellular and regional distribution of glutathione (GSH) and GSH-related enzyme systems involved in cellular defense against reactive oxygen species and electrophilic xenobiotics in the nervous system has been extensively studied. However, little is known about the subcellular distribution of GSH systems in brain tissue and cultured neural cells. The present study investigates the distribution of mitochondrial and cytosolic GSH and GSH-related enzymes in cultured cerebellar astrocytes and granule cells, and compares them with levels in the adult rat cerebellum. Cytosolic GSH levels and cytosolic activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in astrocytes were 57, 153, 245, and 92% higher than those found in granule cells, respectively. In contrast, granule cells contained significantly higher mitochondrial GSH levels than astrocytes. Granule cells also demonstrated comparable mitochondria/cytosolic concentrations of GSH and GR, GPX and GST activities to those observed in the cerebellar tissue, whereas ratios in astrocytes were markedly lower. Although in vitro treatments with 100 μM ethacrynic acid depleted both cytosolic and mitochondrial GSH in cultured astrocytes and granule cells in a time-dependent fashion, cellular GSH in granule cells was more resistant to the GSH-depleting agent than astrocytes. These results suggest that although GSH and GSH-related enzymes are abundant in cytosolic compartments of astrocytes, mitochondrial pools are relatively small. Since brain mitochondria are sites of significant hydrogen peroxide generation, the mitochondrial localization of GSH and its associated enzymes in neural cells provide important defenses against toxic oxygen species in the nervous system. Differences in subcellular distribution of GSH systems in individual neural cell types may provide a basis for selective cellular and/or subcellular expression of neurotoxicity. 相似文献
82.
In a period of 2 years 7 months, we performed heat probe (HP) thermocoagulation in 153 cases of massive peptic ulcer hemorrhage. The male/female sex ratio was 125/28. The average age was 57.6 +/- 1.3 years (mean +/- SEM; range, 17 to 88). There were 69 cases (45.1%) of spurting hemorrhage, 50 cases (32.7%) of oozing hemorrhage, and 34 cases (22.2%) of nonbleeding visible vessels. Seventy-seven patients (50.3%) were in shock before therapy. After therapy we obtained initial success in 147 cases (96.1%). Rebleeding episodes occurred in 23 patients (15.6%) within 1 month after therapy. Nineteen patients received a second therapy, and treatment in 15 of these cases (78.9%) was ultimately successful. Finally, treatment in 142 cases (92.8%) was ultimately successful. The duration of hospitalization was 6.3 +/- 0.4 days (mean +/- SEM). After discharge all patients were followed at the outpatient department for at least 1 month. Sixty-seven patients were followed endoscopically for at least 2 to 3 months after therapy. Fifty-six patients (83.6%) had a healed scar at the previous bleeding site 2 months after therapy, and 62 patients (92.5%) had a healed scar 3 months after therapy. We conclude that HP thermocoagulation is an ideal and reliable modality of therapeutic endoscopy in arrest of massive peptic ulcer hemorrhage. HP thermocoagulation may become the first choice of therapy for massive peptic ulcer bleeding in the near future. 相似文献
83.
采用计算机图象纹理分析和相关点阵检测技术,对人食管正常粘膜、不典型增生上皮及原位癌的不同纹理特征进行了观察。观察样品为常规病理切片,用计算机图象分析系统检测了组织的纹理特征。对受检图象建立了三种灰色分层关系矩阵,同时计算了8种纹理测度。结果显示,在重度不典型增生上皮和原位癌之间,其纹理测度和相关点阵检测数据均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。全部测量数据经计算机多元逐步判别分析,其正判率达90%以上。本研究结果表明,计算机纹理分析方法可正确地判别食管癌前病变和原位癌的组织结构异型性。提示本技术在食管癌的早期诊断方面具有肯定的实用性价值。 相似文献
84.
卡介苗激活杀伤细胞抗膀胱肿瘤作用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了进一步探讨BCG抗膀胱肿瘤的作用机理,采取15例膀胱肿瘤患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),置于含BCG或IL2的培养基中培养,计算扩增倍数,检测培养细胞抗自体及异体膀胱癌细胞活性。结果:卡介苗激活杀伤细胞(BAK)与淋巴因子激活杀伤细胞(LAK)分别于培养第7和第3天达增殖高峰,对自体瘤杀伤率分别为36.2%和31.4%,差异有显著性(P<0.05);对异体瘤杀伤率分别为25.2%和28.3%,差异无显著性。结果表明:BAK细胞抗自体瘤活性高于LAK细胞,死BCG对PBMC无激活作用,BAK细胞抗肿瘤效应可能是BCG抗膀胱肿瘤重要作用机理之一。 相似文献
85.
86.
The prediction, based on unsteady diffusion kinetics, of the enhancement of reactivity and incorporation of 1-hexadecene in its copolymerization with propylene on adding a small amount of ethylene (increase from 5,2 mol-% to 10,8 mol-% when 2% of ethylene was added, and to 16, 1 mol-% when 5% was added) was verified in the terpolymerization of propylene/ 1-hexadecene/ ethylene on a commercial Solvay-type δ-TiCl3 catalyst. The catalyst efficiency was thus also increased. These augmentations originate from the increase in diffusion coefficient of 1-hexadecene at the catalyst surface when the PP crystallinity decreases on introduction of ethylene. Calculation based on unsteady diffusion kinetics showed that the order of diffusion coefficients ethylene > propylene > 1-hexadecene is reversed as the monomer concentration increases when the monomers are not at their equilibrium concentration. Sequence distribution as determined by means of 13C NMR revealed a tendency of blocky structure rather than a Bernoullian one. The terpolymer compositions obtained by means of an IR method developed in this work conform rather well with the NMR results. Results in this work not only support the unsteady diffusion kinetics but also provide a new route to prepare olefinic copolymer rubbers with heterogeneous titanium catalysts. 相似文献
87.
本文用气相色谱法对居住福州、长乐、宁化三个地区270名健康人群发铬含量进行调查。结果表明:福州地区发铬值高于其它两地区,并有非常显著性差异。总体发铬算术平均数与国内外部分地区所报导的结果比较接近,但在性别及年龄间差异不明显。对三个地区发铬值与当地土壤铬含量进行相关分析,r=0.9978,二者呈正相关,并有非常显著性意义。 相似文献
88.
本文分析1982~1987年间收治的544例异位妊娠,其中270例行腹腔镜检查、274例未作腹腔镜检查。两组资料相比提示:腹腔镜检查组诊断符合率高达97.40%;由于能及早明确诊断,故该组腹腔内出血量比未作腹腔镜检查组少,平均为241m1/372ml(P<0.05),需输血例数明显减少30例(11.11%)/134例(48.90%)(P<0.01),输卵管未破裂者增高222例(82.22%)/194例(70.80%)(P<0.01)。270例无术后并发症发生。上述给年轻不孕患者作非手术治疗或输卵管保守手术以保留生育功能提供良好条件。 相似文献
89.
CT造影剂碘海醇注射液的制备及动物实验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文报道了非离子型X-CT造影剂碘海醇注射液的制备及动物实验结果。磺海醇的最大吸收波长λ_(max)为244nm。讨论了温度、浓度对磺海醇溶液粘度的影响:粘度随温度的升高而下降,呈负线型相关;粘度随浓度(C)升高而激剧升高,与浓度的四次方呈线性相关:V_(37℃)=472.589[C] ̄4+1.121(r=0.9977)V_(30℃)=663.813[C] ̄4+1.152(r=0.9996)V_(20℃)=1082.953[C] ̄4+1.433(r=0.9982)使用该注射液进行狗的造影实验,获得了清晰的造影图像。 相似文献
90.
职业接触氯乙烯对生殖功能影响的调查 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Huang Mei-yuan Institute of Occupational Medicine Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine Beijing 《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》1994,12(1):12-15
对全国12个城市中13个聚氯乙烯制造工厂中2736名接触氯乙烯的工人及3442名对照厂工人,进行了生殖功能的流行病学调查研究,结果表明,接触氯乙烯男、女工人的各项生殖结局指标与对照组比较无显著性差异,但女工氯乙烯接触组妊娠合并症的发生率明显高于对照组,表明氯乙烯对女工的妊娠过程有一定影响,因此积极改善劳动条件,不仅对保护工人健康,而且对保护其子代的正常发育成长也有重要意义。 相似文献