Favorably tipping the balance between cytopathic and regulatory T cells to create transplantation tolerance

Therapeutic application of broadly reactive anti-T cell antibodies can lead not only to potent immunosuppression but also to profound and long-lived T cell depletion. We reasoned that a strategy that almost exclusively targets activated cytopathic donor reactive T cells and spares immunoregulatory networks might prove to be an exceptionally potent and highly selective means of producing long-term engraftment and tolerance. Herein we show that the combined administration of rapamycin and agonist IL-2- and antagonist IL-15-related cytolytic fusion proteins provides for long-term engraftment/tolerance in exceptionally stringent allotransplant models by (1) limiting the early expansion of activated T cells, (2) preserving and even exaggerating their subsequent apoptotic clearance, and (3) further amplifying the depletion of these activated T cells by antibody-dependent mechanisms, while (4) preserving CD4+CD25+ T cell-dependent immunoregulatory networks.     

大鼠小脑皮质NPY能神经元的形态与分布

目的　研究大鼠小脑皮质内NPY免疫阳性神经元的形态与分布。方法　SD大鼠 10只 ,雌雄不限 ,升主动脉灌注固定 ,开颅取小脑 ,SP免疫组织化学染色。结果　大鼠小脑内NPY免疫阳性神经元分布在皮质的Purkinje细胞层 ,胞体呈梨形或烧瓶状 ,细胞核清晰不染 ,轴突伸向颗粒层 ,树突呈网状伸向分子层 ,突起未见染色。分子层和颗粒层未见阳性细胞 ,但可见神经纤维的存在。结论　小脑Purkinje细胞层内存在NYP阳性神经元。     

Cultured mouse SR-1 cells exposed to low dose of {gamma}-rays become less susceptible to the induction of mutagenesis by radiation as well as bleomycin

The effect of pre-exposure of cultured mouse SR-1 cells to alow dose of -rays on the induction of mutations at the hprtlocus by subsequent high dose radiation or bleomycin was studied.When cells were pre-exposed to 0.01 Gy -rays, the inductionof mutations by a 3 Gy -ray dose given 18 or 24 h later wassignificantly reduced as compared with those which did not receivethe low dose pre-exposure. When cells were challenged with 5or 10 µg/ml bleomycin for 12 h, which can produce double-strandbreaks in DNA, instead of 3 Gy -rays, a similar mutageneticadaptive response was observed. We conclude that this resistanceto radiation- or bleomycininduced mutation is attributed tothe induction of a DNA double-strand break repair mechanism.     

X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome: the first Korean case with gamma c chain gene mutation and subsequent genetic counseling

X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) is a rare, life-threatening immune disorder, caused by mutations in the gamma c chain gene, which encodes an essential component of the cytokine receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. A 13-month-old boy with recurrent infections who had reduced serum immunoglobulin levels and decreased numbers of CD3, CD16/56 cells was evaluated for gamma c chain gene mutation and protein expression. The patient had a C-to-T point mutation at nucleotide position 690, one of the hot spots, resulting in a single amino acid substitution of cysteine for arginine (R226C), as determined by direct sequencing and PCR-RFLP. The patient's mother was a heterozygous carrier. Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling was performed at the 6-month of gestation in a subsequent pregnancy. As the immunophenotype of the fetus showed an identical pattern, the pregnancy was terminated and genetic analysis of the abortus confirmed recurrence. This is the first report of the molecular diagnosis of X-SCID in Korea. Genetic analysis of the gamma c chain gene is useful for definite diagnosis and genetic counseling for X-SCID.     

Worker motivation and productivity in chinese (beijing) tricycle haulers: Integrating social and biological variables

Ethnographic assessment of worker lifestyle and motivation was paired with measurement of health, maximum oxygen uptake, anthropometry, and cold response to predict productivity in order to determine how well behavioral ratings and biological rankings of worker capacity predict actual productivity. The subjects were Chinese laborers hauling heavy loads on a cycle by human power during a Beijing winter. Worker productivity was measured as pay for unit of work done. This paper reports the ethnographic methods and results. Worker health was assessed through a physical examination including vital signs, echocardiogram (ECG), nutrition, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. Worker motivation was assessed during 10 weeks of participant observation, extensive interview, and a visit to the worker's household. Motivation was rated using a rank-order comparison of all 50 workers from lowest to highest. Other observational ratings (household assets, demands on worker, and health of household members) were completed at the time of the home visit using five-point scales. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

血常规参数RDW在肝纤维化诊断中的价值

目的初步探讨病毒性肝炎患者的红细胞分布宽度（RDW）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均血小板体积（MPV）、血小板分布宽度（PDW）等四项血常规参数在肝纤维化诊断中的意义。方法303例病毒性肝炎患者分为急性肝炎（AH）组、慢性肝炎（CH）组、肝炎肝硬化（LC）组和重型肝炎（SH）组，对照组由16名健康人组成。采用全自动血细胞计麴仪检测所有被测试者的血常规参数，并同期对其中179例患者采用放射免疫法检测其血清透明质酸（HA）和层粘蛋白（LN）水平、采用彩色多普勒超声仪测量其脾脏的长径（SPL）及厚度（SPT），研究上述指标之间的相互关系。结果CH组、LC组和SH组患者的RDW均显著高于对照组，CH组、LC组的MCV显著高于对照组，MPV和PDW在各病毒性肝炎组与对照组之间无显著性差异：病毒性肝炎患者的RDW与其HA、LN、SPT、SPL成显著直线正相关。结论RDW对慢性肝炎肝纤维化的诊断有一定的临床价值。     

胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠滑膜双向凝胶电泳图谱建立及差异分析

目的类风湿关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是一个多基因多因素参与的病理过程。实验中通过建立与RA发病机制相似的胶原诱导性关节炎(Collagen-induced arthritis,CIA)大鼠动物模型,运用蛋白质组技术对正常大鼠和CIA大鼠模型不同时间点滑膜组织的蛋白质点进行比较分析,为鉴定CIA大鼠滑膜病变相关蛋白质及研究RA发病机制奠定基础。方法用牛Ⅱ型胶原和完全福氏佐剂建立CIA大鼠模型,采用一步抽提法抽提滑膜蛋白质,运用固相pH梯度双向凝胶电泳分离各组大鼠滑膜组织的总蛋白质,用PDquest软件分析图谱,比较差异蛋白质,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flightmass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF-MS)得到相应肽质指纹图谱,用Mascot查询软件搜索数据库,鉴定部分差异蛋白质。结果成功建立了CIA大鼠模型,获得分辨率较高、重复性较好的大鼠滑膜组织双向电泳凝胶图谱。正常组与25、35和45天模型组大鼠滑膜组织凝胶图谱的平均蛋白质点数分别为1070±41、1049±22、1079±44和1088±39。在4个组均有表达差异的蛋白质点中随机取20个点进行肽质指纹图分析,鉴定了部分与细胞代谢、信号转导及结构相关的差异表达蛋白质。结论建立了分辨率较高且重复性较好的正常大鼠与CIA大鼠不同时间点滑膜组织的双向凝胶电泳图谱,鉴定了一些与CIA大鼠滑膜病变相关的差异表达蛋白质,为识别RA病变相关蛋白质及推断RA病变过程奠定基础。     

仿生双动全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节病变的疗效观察

目的观察仿生双动全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节病变的临床疗效,并探讨双动臼杯在脊柱僵硬患者中应用的优势。方法回顾性分析河南省洛阳正骨医院2017年2月至2019年3月行双动全髋关节置换术的21例(41髋)强直性脊柱炎患者的临床资料,其中男18例,女3例。临床随访根据X线检查、Harris评分系统及手术前后髋关节总活动度进行评价。结果21例(41髋)患者均得到随访,随访时间13~38个月,中位数为25个月,平均(25.47±6.59)个月。Harris评分由术前(40.80±10.35)分增加到术后末次随访的(87.41±10.18)分,髋关节总活动度由术前(51.87±15.71)°增加到术后的(198.53±18.83)°,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。X线检查显示所有髋关节假体位置良好,2例(3髋)出现异位骨化,所有患者均未出现关节脱位、假体松动、感染。结论双动全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节病变可明显改善髋关节功能,减轻疼痛,双动臼杯高稳定性的特点,降低了 AS患者髋臼假体安放的手术技术要求,容错率较高,从而最小化脱位的风险。     

领导干部心理健康量表的初步编制

目的编制一套适用于领导干部群体的心理健康量表。方法通过文献研究、个案分析、问卷调查等,确立测验结构并编制成预测量表,通过对127位被试施测结果进行条目分析等形成正式量表,并进行因子分析等考察量表的信度和效度。结果编制成一个含3个量表:心理症状量表、自我概念量表、外界适应量表,共计93个项目的测评系统。项目与其所在量表的题总相关系数在0.445～0.855之间(P<0.001),各条目决断值(CR值)均具有显著性;对自我概念量表和外界适应量表探索性因素分析分别提取4个和3个公因子,累计解释总变异量分别为54.842%,48.365%,因子载荷在0.427～0.814和0.434～0.796之间;各量表的Cronbach'sα系数分别为0.775,0.860,0.952。结论初步研究显示量表的信效度均达到心理学测量标准,具有较好的信效度。     

His-tag不影响RSV重组蛋白G1F/M2的免疫原性

目的：观察His-tag是否影响RSV重组蛋白G1F/M2的免疫原性。方法：PCR扩增G1和F/M2基因片段,插入表达载体pET-His和pET-DsbA-His中,转化E.coli BL21（DE3）,IPTG诱导表达,采用Ni^＋螯合亲和层析法纯化得His-G1F/M2和DsbA-His-G1F/M2,将后者用凝血酶消化,再经Ni＋螯合亲和层析法纯化得G1F/M2,将His-G1F/M2和G1F/M2免疫BALB/c小鼠,用ELISA测定抗体滴度,MTT法测定细胞毒性T细胞活性（CTL）。结果：两种蛋白在BALB/c小鼠中诱导的RSV特异性抗体和CTL活性无显著差异。结论：His-tag不影响RSV重组蛋白G1F/M2的免疫原性。