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81.
Olaf M Hoffmann Doreen Becker Joerg R Weber 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2007,27(11):1792-1797
Alterations of blood flow contribute to major clinical complications in invasive infections such as sepsis and bacterial meningitis. As a unique feature streptococci -- in particular, Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most frequent pathogen in bacterial meningitis -- release hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) because of the absence of functional catalase. In a 6 h rat model of experimental meningitis, we studied the impact of bacterial H(2)O(2) production on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and intracranial pressure (ICP). Compared to wild-type D39 pneumococci, the increase of rCBF was diminished in meningitis induced by the H(2)O(2) defective SpxB(-) mutant (maximum increase, 135% +/- 17% versus 217% +/- 23% of the individual baseline; P<0.01) or after treatment of D39-induced meningitis with H(2)O(2)-degrading catalase or with tetraethylammonium (TEA), a blocker of calcium-sensitive potassium channels, which mediate H(2)O(2)-induced vasodilation. Catalase did not significantly reduce the remaining rCBF increase caused by SpxB(-), supporting the predominant role of bacterial H(2)O(2). We conclude that in addition to host-sided mediators, bacterial-derived H(2)O(2) acts as a potent vasodilator, which accounts for a certain proportion of the early cerebral hyperperfusion in pneumococcal meningitis. 相似文献
82.
83.
Diana Bell Yi-Jue Zhao Pulivarthi H. Rao Randal S. Weber Adel K. El-Naggar 《Head and neck pathology》2007,1(2):165-168
We present an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the base of tongue in a 48-year-old male with a restricted chromosomal alteration
by cytogenetic and spectral karyotypic analysis (SKY). SKY and G-banding analyses identified the t(6;14)(q25;q13) as the sole
structural aberration in all metaphases analyzed. This finding supports a critical role for this event in the development
of this tumor. The implications of chromosome 6q translocation in this case and in previously reported adenoid cystic carcinomas
are highlighted and discussed. 相似文献
84.
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87.
M. L. Jacobs H. M. W. Nathoe P. J. Blankestijn Th. Stijnen R. F. A. Weber 《Clinical endocrinology》1996,44(5):547-553
OBJECTIVE Increased plasma concentrations of GH and increased GH responses to provocative stimuli are reported in patients with poorly controlled type I diabetes and are suggested to be related to complications. Our aim was to investigate GH concentrations in moderately controlled patients.
PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS We have investigated IGF-I concentrations and fasting GH concentrations and the response to 1 μg/kg body weight GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) intravenously and/or to 150 μg clonidine intravenously in 77 moderately controlled patients with type I diabetes and in 46 healthy controls.
RESULTS Median HbA1c in the patients was 8.5% (upper level of normal 6.3%). Fasting GH and GH concentrations after the administration of GHRH were not significantly different in patients with type I diabetes compared with normal controls. Fasting and stimulated GH concentrations after the administration of clonidine were significantly higher in the patients, but this could be explained by their lower age and body mass index compared with controls. In controls but not in patients there was a negative correlation between GH and glucose concentrations. IGF-I was significantly lower in patients with diabetes than in controls, even after correction for age, body mass index and sex.
CONCLUSIONS Patients with moderately controlled type I diabetes mellitus have normal baseline and stimulated GH concentrations after the administration of GHRH or clonidine compared with healthy controls, when corrected for age, body mass index and sex. However, these 'normal' GH concentrations must be considered inappropriately high in view of the hyperglycaemia in these patients. The low plasma IGF-I concentrations might be responsible for the GH over-production. 相似文献
PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS We have investigated IGF-I concentrations and fasting GH concentrations and the response to 1 μg/kg body weight GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) intravenously and/or to 150 μg clonidine intravenously in 77 moderately controlled patients with type I diabetes and in 46 healthy controls.
RESULTS Median HbA1c in the patients was 8.5% (upper level of normal 6.3%). Fasting GH and GH concentrations after the administration of GHRH were not significantly different in patients with type I diabetes compared with normal controls. Fasting and stimulated GH concentrations after the administration of clonidine were significantly higher in the patients, but this could be explained by their lower age and body mass index compared with controls. In controls but not in patients there was a negative correlation between GH and glucose concentrations. IGF-I was significantly lower in patients with diabetes than in controls, even after correction for age, body mass index and sex.
CONCLUSIONS Patients with moderately controlled type I diabetes mellitus have normal baseline and stimulated GH concentrations after the administration of GHRH or clonidine compared with healthy controls, when corrected for age, body mass index and sex. However, these 'normal' GH concentrations must be considered inappropriately high in view of the hyperglycaemia in these patients. The low plasma IGF-I concentrations might be responsible for the GH over-production. 相似文献
88.
Summary The load axis of the curved proximal femur lies not inside but outside the bone. Therefore, high bending forces are acting, the medial cortex absorbing pressure and the lateral cortex absorbs tension. In a transverse fracture, a laterally applied plate will absorb the tensile stresses and the medial cortex, the pressure forces. When the medial buttress due to a bony defect is missing, the laterally applied plate is subjected to cyclic bending and will undergo fatigue fracture. This dilemma is compensated by a wave plate with bone graft: the compression forces are redirected to the lateral cortex, and the plate is again subjected to tension. Furthermore, since the plate stands away from the bone, it does not disturb the blood supply at the fracture site and thus bone healing. 相似文献
89.
R S Weber P Gidley W H Morrison L J Peters P Hankins P Wolf O Guillamondegui 《American journal of surgery》1990,160(4):415-419
Between 1974 and 1984, 173 patients were treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue base. Fifty-four patients had T1 or T2 primaries, while 115 patients had T3 or T4 tumors (4 were not staged). Lymph node metastasis was present in 120 patients. Early primary tumors treated with surgery or radiotherapy had a control rate of 83% (5 of 6 tumors) and 89% (40 of 45 tumors), respectively. For advanced primary tumors, definitive radiotherapy produced a local control rate of 55% (42 of 76 tumors), compared with 79% (23 of 29 tumors) for surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. If primary control was obtained, the regional failure rate was less than 10%. Tumor growth patterns were predictive of the response to radiotherapy. The primary control rate at 2 years for 21 patients with exophytic tumors was 84% as opposed to 58% for 62 patients with ulcerative-infiltrative tumors (p = 0.04). Radiotherapy is effective for early stage or exophytic tumors, whereas for advanced or deeply invasive tumors combined therapy enhances local control. 相似文献
90.
T A Karnezis M B Murphy R R Weber K S Nelson B J Tripathi R C Tripathi 《Experimental eye research》1988,47(5):689-697
The lack of specific agonists and antagonists has, until recently, precluded investigation of a role for dopamine receptors in the control of intraocular pressure. In the present study, we have examined the effects of fenoldopam, a novel selective dopamine1 (DA1) receptor agonist, on intraocular pressure, in eight healthy human volunteers. Fenoldopam, infused intravenously at 0.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1, increased intraocular pressure from 14.6 +/- 0.9 to 17.6 +/- 1.4 mmHg (P less than 0.05) while a control saline infusion had no effect. Pupil diameter and blood pressure did not change. In the same subjects, i.v. norepinephrine or angiotensin II both increased intraocular pressure--from 13.8 +/- 1.4- to 17.6 +/- 1.4 mmHg and from 13.4 +/- 1.3- to 17.5 +/- 1.7 mmHg respectively (P less than 0.05), and mean arterial pressure by about 20 mmHg. These data suggest that: (1) DA1 receptor activation can modulate intraocular pressure; (2) the intraocular pressure effects of the DA1 receptor agonist, fenoldopam, are independent of changes in systemic blood pressure, in contrast to those of norepinephrine or angiotensin II where intraocular and systemic blood pressures increase in parallel; (3) the ability of a DA1 receptor antagonist to lower intraocular pressure merits investigation. 相似文献