易拉罐爆炸致眼球破裂伤1例

１病历报告患者邢××,女,２８岁,住院号４３２２５９,于１９９８－０８－１０因右眼球破裂伤,球内容物脱出急诊入院．入院前１ｈ患者搬运八宝粥易拉罐时,其中一听易拉罐盖突然爆炸击伤,当即感右眼视物不见、疼痛、流血、流泪伴恶心头痛．入院体查：右眼视力光感,...     

Mediastinal lymph node metastases from bronchogenic carcinoma: detection with MR imaging and CT

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT) were compared in a prospective study of 48 patients for the detection of metastatic mediastinal lymphadenopathy from bronchogenic carcinoma. The images were interpreted by three experienced radiologists using a five-point rating scale, enabling receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Imaging results were evaluated against "truth" data based on analysis of surgical specimens from mediastinoscopy and thoracotomy. All MR images were cardiac gated to reduce cardiac motion artifacts in the mediastinum. MR and CT both performed well, as indicated by similar areas under the ROC curves of 0.779 +/- 0.039 for MR imaging and 0.781 +/- 0.038 for CT scanning. No strong correlation between nodal size and metastatic involvement could be found for either MR or CT results. As long as nodal size remains the sole criterion in the detection of metastatic mediastinal lymphadenopathy, MR imaging is unlikely to enable better interpretations than CT scanning.     

Cutaneous lymphadenoma

Lymphoepithelial neoplasms are biphasic tumours that contain both epithelial and lymphoid components. This heterogeneous group includes benign cutaneous lymphadenoma (CL), malignant lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin and dermal thymus. We present two cases of CL in male subjects of 14 and 64 years of age. The latter man had a history of multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and solar keratoses. Histological sections of both tumours revealed similar features of an invasive non-ulcerated tumour with a mixed architecture of BCC and trichoepithelioma. Immunocytochemical examination revealed a biphasic epithelial tumour of follicular differentiation, possibly a variant of trichoepithelioma or a BCC. Within the epithelial islands there was a heavy infiltration that was confirmed as CD3-positive T cells and S-100-positive dendritic cells by immunocytochemistry.     

中国大陆地区妇女骨质疏松筛选工具探讨

目的建立适用于中国大陆地区40岁及以上妇女的骨质疏松（osteoporosis，OP）筛选工具。方法以20～39岁妇女腰椎骨密度的均数和标准差作为参考值计算T—score。以双能X线骨密度仪（dual—energy X—ray absorptiometry，DxA）的测量结果作为金标准，采用二分类的Bayes判别分析，建立判别函数。结果我国大陆地区40岁及以上妇女OP筛选工具（osteoporosis screening tool for Chinese，OSTC）为：体重-2×年龄＋50。判别准则为OSTC〉0为无OP危险性，OSTC≤0为有OP危险性。OSTC的正判率为75．78％，灵敏度为76．8％，特异度为75．1％，Kappa值为0．51（P=0．000），说明OSTC与DXA的判定结果一致性尚可。结论OSTC是一个简便的OP筛选工具。根据年龄、体重两个变量的简单计算，即可对我国大陆地区40岁及以上的妇女进行OP危险性的筛选。但OSTC没有得到外部数据的验证，其优劣还有待进一步评价。     

Lysozyme enhances monocyte-mediated tumoricidal activity: a potential amplifying mechanism of tumor killing

The mononuclear phagocyte is well established as an in vitro cytotoxic effector cell for certain human tumors. The mechanism(s) for this action remains unclear. Increased levels of lysozyme, a cationic enzyme synthesized in large amounts by mononuclear phagocytes, are associated with increased resistance to transplantable animal tumors. In this study, we provide evidence that human lysozyme, isolated from the urine of leukemic patients, has marked potentiating effects on human monocyte- tumor-cell cytocidal activity. In addition, lysozyme-exposed monocytes incorporate increased quantities of leucine, suggesting that monocytes are capable of amplifying their own metabolic activation by secreting an endogenous constituent. Tri-N-acetyl-glucosamine, a competitive inhibitor for the active site of lysozyme, inhibits cytocidal activity. Conversely, protamine, an extraneous albeit similarly positively charged molecule, increases monocyte-mediated tumor cytotoxicity; this protamine effect is negated by heparin. We conclude that lysozyme, at least partially by its positive charge, is capable of enhancing in vitro monocyte tumor cell cytotoxicity; its in vivo secretion may potentiate monocyte-tumor-cell interaction.