Two giant connected retroperitoneal schwannomas: a rare case report

Schwannoma is a type of tumor originating from Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. In this study, we report a rare case of two giant connected retroperitoneal schwannomas. The patient presented to our department with a 1-day history of abdominal pain and without other symptoms. There were no abnormalities in the patient’s tumor markers. Abdominal plain computed tomography (CT) revealed two (combined) retroperitoneal masses appearing as soft tissue-density shadows with uneven internal density, cystic low-density shadows, and patchy calcification shadows. The larger mass measured approximately 12.0 cm × 12.3 cm in size. The tumors were completely excised by a reasonable surgical approach while the surrounding organs closely related to the tumor were preserved. Postoperative pathology confirmed that the tumors were benign schwannomas. In the 18-month follow-up, the patient had no recurrences and was asymptomatic. We summarize the diagnosis and treatment of two rare combined giant retroperitoneal schwannomas in a single patient. Laparotomy for the management of retroperitoneal giant schwannomas may be safe and effective.     

A strabismus susceptibility locus on chromosome 7p

Strabismus has been known to have a significant genetic component, but the mode of inheritance and the identity of the relevant genes have been enigmatic. This paper reports linkage analysis of nonsyndromic strabismus. The principal results of this study are: (i) the demonstrated feasibility of identifying and recruiting large families in which multiple members have (or had) strabismus; (ii) the linkage in one large family of a presumptive strabismus susceptibility locus to 7p22.1 with a multipoint logarithm of odds score of 4.51 under a model of recessive inheritance; and (iii) the failure to observe significant linkage to 7p in six other multiplex families, consistent with genetic heterogeneity among families. These findings suggest that it will be possible to localize and ultimately identify strabismus susceptibility genes by linkage analysis and mutation screening of candidate genes.     

基于关联规则的凌昌全教授治疗肿瘤常见中医辨证分型的组方规律

目的:分析凌昌全教授治疗肿瘤常见中医辨证分型的组方规律。方法:以凌昌全教授在上海长海医院治疗肿瘤患者的门诊病历为基础建立数据库,基于关联规则算法,研究凌教授治疗肿瘤的处方用药经验。结果:凌昌全教授临证治疗肿瘤辨证组方经验如下:1)阴虚血瘀型的核心组方为熟地黄、山药、山茱萸、枸杞子、桃仁、赤芍、牡丹皮、解毒方等。2)湿滞血瘀型的核心组方为藿香、砂仁、茯苓皮、泽泻、陈皮、牡丹皮、解毒方等。3)气虚血瘀型的核心组方为黄芪、生白术、山药、陈皮、桃仁、赤芍、牡丹皮、解毒方等。4)气阴两虚型的核心组方为黄芪、生白术、山药、生薏苡仁、麦冬、枸杞子、炙鳖甲、解毒方等。结论:凌昌全教授临证治疗肿瘤,重视辨证施治,同时联合专方专药,病证互参,精选组方。     

Acute and subchronic oral toxicities of Pu-erh black tea extract in Sprague-Dawley rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Pu-erh black tea, which is obtained by first parching crude green tea leaves and then undergoes secondary fermentation with microorganisms, has been believed to be beneficial beverages for health for nearly 2000 years in China, Japan and Taiwan area. But its potential toxicity when administered at a high dose as concentrated extracts has not been completely investigated.

The aim of the study

The present study was aimed at evaluating potential toxicity of Pu-erh black tea extracts (BTE) from acute and sub-chronic administration to male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Materials and methods

A single BTE dose of 10,000 mg/kg of body weight was administered by oral gavage for acute toxicity in SD rats. Four groups (10 males and 10 females per group) of dose levels of 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/kg/day of the test article, as well as controls (distilled water) were tested as the subchronic toxicity study.

Results

No deaths and signs of toxicity occurred during the 14 days of the study. There were no test article related mortalities, body weight gain, feed consumption, clinical observation, organ weight changes, gross finding, clinical or histopathological alterations during the 91-day administration.

Conclusions

The LD₅₀ of BTE can be defined as more than 10,000 mg/kg, and a dose of 5000 mg/kg/day was identified as the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) in this study.     

银翘解毒方便汤剂与传统汤剂比较的实验研究

通过薄层鉴别与含量测定的方法,对银翘解毒方便汤剂与传统汤剂进行了初步实验比较。结果表明:方便汤剂的薄荷醇含量等优于传统汤剂。     

丹参多酚酸盐注射液联合西医常规治疗对慢性心力衰竭疗效及安全性的系统评价及试验序贯分析

目的 系统评价丹参多酚酸盐注射液联合西医常规治疗对慢性心力衰竭的有效性和安全性。方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed等数据库中相关随机对照试验(randomized controlled trials,RCTs),检索时间限定为建库至2022年3月20日。采用偏倚风险评估工具进行文献质量评价,使用RevMan 5.3、Stata 15.0软件进行Meta分析,通过TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta软件进行试验序贯分析,并按照GRADE标准进行证据质量评价。结果 最终共纳入23个RCTs,共计2421例患者,纳入研究的整体方法学质量较低。Meta分析结果显示,与西医常规治疗相比,联合丹参多酚酸盐注射液可显著提高临床总有效率[OR=3.95,95% CI(2.92,5.35),P<0.000 01],降低Lee心衰评分[MD=−0.95,95% CI(−1.37,−0.52),P<0.000 1],提高6 min步行距离[MD=44.50,95% CI(32.02,56.97),P<0.000 01],降低血浆B型脑钠肽(B-type natriuretic peptide,BNP)浓度[MD=−74.78,95% CI(−89.24,−60.33),P<0.000 01];改善心功能指标,包括提高射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)[MD=5.33,95% CI(4.33,6.32),P<0.000 01],降低左室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end systolic diameter,LVESD)[MD=−5.73,95% CI(−8.04,−3.43),P<0.000 01]、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,LVEDD)[MD=−5.12,95% CI(−7.16,−3.08),P<0.000 01]及室间隔厚度(interventricular septal thickness,IVST)[MD=−1.12,95% CI(−1.60,−0.64),P<0.000 01],提高心输出量(cardiac output,CO)[MD=1.12,95% CI(1.00,1.23),P<0.000 01]、心脏指数(cardiac index,CI)[MD=1.12,95% CI(1.00,1.25),P<0.000 01]及每搏量(stroke volume,SV)[MD=9.34,95% CI(5.39,13.29),P<0.000 01];降低炎症指标,包括白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)[MD=−1.84,95% CI(−2.36,−1.31),P<0.000 01]、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)[MD=−0.74,95% CI(−0.83,−0.66),P<0.000 01]及超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)[MD=−0.97,95% CI(−1.27,−0.67),P<0.000 01];降低心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(heart fatty acid binding protein,H-FABP)表达[MD=−9.74,95% CI(−12.21,−7.27),P<0.000 01]。在不良反应发生率方面,两组比较差异无统计学意义[RR=0.63,95% CI(0.18,2.17),P=0.47]。试验序贯分析进一步肯定了联合丹参多酚酸盐注射液对慢性心力衰竭患者的疗效。GRADE证据质量分级显示临床总有效率为中等质量证据,Lee心衰评分、LVESD等8项结局指标均为低质量证据,其余均为极低质量证据。结论 与西医常规治疗相比,联合丹参多酚酸盐注射液能显著提高临床疗效,无明显不良反应,然而证据等级不高,期待开展更多高质量、大样本、多中心的RCTs,为丹参多酚酸盐注射液治疗慢性心力衰竭提供更充分的循证证据。     

基于深度访谈扎根分析多发性硬化患者的症状波动及中医药疗效

目的:从患者角度,深入了解多发性硬化症状波动对患者的影响,以及患者对中医药治疗多发性硬化的理解等方面。方法:本文采用半结构化深度访谈的定性研究方法,利用扎根理论对访谈资料进行总结分析。结果:研究结果发现多发性硬化症状波动可导致疾病症状、伴随症状、其他症状等多层面的不适,并且给患者带来无奈、急躁、恐惧、压抑、无助等心理变化,反之心理变化又加重患者症状的自我感受,自此恶性循环;患者所体会的中医药疗效主要在改善症状、稳定疾病活动、整体调节等方面。结论:针对多发性硬化,应当增加侧重以症状、心理、患者自我报告结局的评价维度,以全面且公正地评价多发性硬化疗效以及中医药对多发性硬化的疗效,制定以患者为中心的个体化诊治策略。     

莲心碱的研究概况

综述莲心碱的药理作用、提取分离、理化常数、定量方法及药物动力学研究概况。作为一种抗心率失常的药物,莲心碱具有一定的开发价值。