他克林的合成研究

目的：合成抗早老性痴呆药他克林。方法：以邻氨基苯甲酸为原料,经缩合,氯化,氨化反应,制得他克林,结果：每步反庆均经改进,总收率达40．7％,所得产品熔点,IR,^1HNMR光谱数据,与文献报道值一致。结论：本工艺路线方法简单,原料易得,易工业化生产。     

Esophageal cancer staging by CT: long-term follow-up study

To evaluate the utility of computed tomographic (CT) staging in patients with esophageal cancer, the length of patient survival was compared with pretherapy CT findings in 89 patients. Regardless of therapy, patients with evidence of mediastinal invasion, liver metastases, or abdominal adenopathy had a statistically shortened survival (P less than .05). Specific CT criteria that predicted a shortened survival included evidence of tracheal, aortic, or pericardial invasion. Patients with evidence of both mediastinal invasion and abdominal metastases had a mean survival of 180.4 days; those with no evidence, 479.6 days. The presence of enlarged upper abdominal lymph nodes indicated the worst prognosis (mean survival, 90 days). The patients with squamous cell tumors were classified by the CT staging system, and survival data were compared according to surgical procedure. Patients who underwent attempted curative surgery did not have a statistically significant difference in survival by analysis of survival curves but demonstrated a longer mean survival than those who underwent palliative or no surgery.     

Comparison of human and chimpanzee Kell blood group systems

Kell antigens on chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) red cells were determined using specific human alloimmune and murine monoclonal antibodies. After avoidance of interspecies reactions, chimpanzee red cells were found to react with most Kell system antibodies. The chimpanzees had phenotypes similar to those of humans. The main difference was that all of 27 chimpanzee red cell samples tested were of the K:6, -7, phenotype, while in humans most are K:-6, 7. The most common chimpanzee Kell blood group phenotype was K:-1,2,-3,4,5,6,-7,11,12,13,14, 15,18,19,22. Murine monoclonal anti-K2 and -K14 immunoprecipitated a 97-kD protein from chimpanzee red cells and a 93-kD protein from human red cells. Enzymatic deglycosylation yielded proteins of about 79 kD for humans and 77 kD for chimpanzees. Both human and chimpanzee Kell proteins reacted equally well on Western blots with polyclonal rabbit antibody to human Kell protein, which indicated close homology.