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61.
Negative charge distribution and density on the surface of oxygenated normal and sickle red cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Negative charges on the external surface of red cells were visualized by colloidal iron hydroxide labelling of 50% of the membrane area after osmotic hemolysis and glutaraldehyde fixation. Counts were made over randomly selected areas on electron micrographs at 350,000 x magnification. Statistical analyses showed that at the 95% level of confidence there was no significant difference between oxygenated normal (AA) and sickle (SS) cells in either the distribution or the density of negative charges. 相似文献
62.
63.
Onno M. Mets Rozemarijn Vliegenthart Martijn J. Gondrie Max A. Viergever Matthijs Oudkerk Harry J. de Koning Willem P.Th.M. Mali Mathias Prokop Rob J. van Klaveren Yolanda van der Graaf Constantinus F.M. Buckens Pieter Zanen Jan-Willem J. Lammers Harry J.M. Groen Ivana Isgum Pim A. de Jong 《JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging》2013,6(8):899-907
64.
65.
Cerebral blood flow relationships associated with a difficult tone recognition task in trained normal volunteers 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Holcomb HH; Medoff DR; Caudill PJ; Zhao Z; Lahti AC; Dannals RF; Tamminga CA 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1998,8(6):534-542
Tone recognition is partially subserved by neural activity in the right
frontal and primary auditory cortices. First we determined the brain areas
associated with tone perception and recognition. This study then examined
how regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in these and other brain regions
correlates with the behavioral characteristics of a difficult tone
recognition task. rCBF changes were assessed using H2(15)O positron
emission tomography. Subtraction procedures were used to localize
significant change regions and correlational analyses were applied to
determine how response times (RT) predicted rCBF patterns. Twelve trained
normal volunteers were studied in three conditions: REST, sensory motor
control (SMC) and decision (DEC). The SMC-REST contrast revealed bilateral
activation of primary auditory cortices, cerebellum and bilateral inferior
frontal gyri. DEC-SMC produced significant clusters in the right middle and
inferior frontal gyri, insula and claustrum; the anterior cingulate gyrus
and supplementary motor area; the left insula/claustrum; and the left
cerebellum. Correlational analyses, RT versus rCBF from DEC scans, showed a
positive correlation in right inferior and middle frontal cortex; rCBF in
bilateral auditory cortices and cerebellum exhibited significant negative
correlations with RT These changes suggest that neural activity in the
right frontal, superior temporal and cerebellar regions shifts back and
forth in magnitude depending on whether tone recognition RT is relatively
fast or slow, during a difficult, accurate assessment.
相似文献
66.
The clearance of vancomycin is significantly reduced in patients with acute, as well as, chronic renal failure. Although multiple-dosage regimen adjustment techniques have been proposed for these patients, there is little quantitative data to guide the individualization of vancomycin therapy in acute renal failure patients who are receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). To determine appropriate vancomycin dosing strategies for patients receiving continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) and continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD), we performed controlled clearance studies in five stable hemodialysis patients with three hemofilters: an acrylonitrile copolymer 0.6 m2 (AN69), polymethylmethacrylate 2.1 m2 (PMMA), and polysulfone 0.65 m2 (PS). Patients received 500 mg of vancomycin intravenously at least 12 hours before the start of the clearance study. The concentration of vancomycin in multiple plasma and dialysate/ultrafiltrate samples was determined by EMIT (Syva, Palo Alto, CA). The diffusional clearance and sieving coefficient (SC) of vancomycin were compared by a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with filter and blood (Q(B)), dialysate inflow (Q(DI)), or ultrafiltration rate (Q(UF)) as the main effects and patient as a random effect. Vancomycin was moderately protein bound in these patients; free fraction ranged from 49% to 83%. The SCs of the three filters were similar and significantly correlated with the free fraction of vancomycin (P = 0.01; r2 = 0.465). Significant linear relationships were observed between the diffusional clearance of vancomycin and Q(DI) for all three filters: AN69 (slope = 0.482; r2 = 0.880); PMMA (slope = 0.853; r2 = 0.966); and PS (slope = 0.658; r2 = 0.887). The slope of this relationship for the PMMA filter was significantly greater than that of the AN69 and PS filters. The clearance of vancomycin, urea, and creatinine, however, was essentially constant at all Q(B)s for all three filters. Thus, the clearance of vancomycin was not membrane dependent during CVVH. However, during CVVHD, membrane dependence of vancomycin clearance was noted at a Q(DI) greater than 16.7 mL/min; vancomycin clearance with PMMA at a Q(DI) of 25 mL/min was 66% and 43% greater than that with the AN69 and PS filters, respectively. CVVH (62% to 262%) and CVVHD (90% to 540%) can significantly augment the clearance of vancomycin in acute renal failure patients. Dosing strategies for individualization of vancomycin therapy in patients receiving CVVH and CVVHD are proposed. 相似文献
67.
M J van der Laan L W Bartels M A Viergever J D Blankensteijn 《European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery》2006,32(4):361-365
AIM: The aim of study was to compare the sensitivity of MRI and CTA for endoleak detection and classification after EVAR. PATIENTS & METHODS: Twenty-eight patients, between 2 days and 65 months after EVAR, were evaluated with both CT and MRI. Twenty-five patients had an Ancure graft and the other three had an Excluder. The MRI protocol for endoleak evaluation included: a T1-weighted spin echo, a high-resolution 3D CE-MRA, and a post-contrast T1-weighted spin echo. In total 40 ml Gadolinium was administered. The CT protocol consisted of a blank survey followed by a spiral CT angiography (CTA) using 140 ml of Ultravist. An experienced, blinded observer evaluated all CTs and MRIs. RESULTS: Using MRI and MRA techniques significantly more endoleaks (23/35) were detected than with CTA (11/35) (p=0.01, Chi-Square). CT could not determine the type of endoleak in 3 of the 11 endoleaks detected and was uncertain in one. MRI was uncertain about the type in 14 of the 23 endoleaks detected. All endoleaks visible on CT were visible by MRI as well. CONCLUSIONS: MRI techniques are more sensitive for the detection of endoleak after endovascular AAA repair than CT. 相似文献
68.
Lambertus W Bartels Chris J G Bakker Max A Viergever 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2002,47(1):171-180
In this study, a method is proposed for MRI of the lumen of metallic vascular implants, like stents or vena cava filters. The method is based on the reduction of artifacts caused by flow, susceptibility, and RF eddy currents. Whereas both flow artifacts and susceptibility artifacts are well understood and documented, RF artifacts are not. Therefore, the present study comprises an in-depth theoretical explanation of the factors governing the severity of these RF artifacts. It is explained that the RF caging inside cage-like implants is caused by disturbances of the send and receive sensitivities due to coupling between the loops in the implant and the MR scanner's send and receive coils. A scaled excitation angle model describing the behavior of the signal intensity inside the implants as a function of the applied nominal excitation angle is introduced. This theoretical model was validated in phantom experiments. Reduced signal from within implants due to the caging problem could be restored by increasing the applied RF power in the excitation pulse, without exceeding the generally accepted SAR safety limits. The method was tested in vitro and in vivo in a pig model and allowed adequate depiction of the interior of a nitinol stent and that of a vena cava filter in contrast-enhanced MR angiograms. Magn Reson Med 47:171-180, 2002. 相似文献
69.
Small pulmonary lesions detected at CT: clinical importance 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27