Reversible findings of restricted diffusion in 5‐flourouracil neurotoxicity

A 35‐year‐old woman presented with neurotoxicity correlated to an i.v. regimen of 5‐fluorouracil as episodes of acute confusional state and abnormalities of symmetrically restricted diffusion in the periventricular white matter and corpus callosum. On discontinuing the medication, the areas of severely restricted diffusion had entirely resolved, with minimal residual T2 signal abnormality. In this case, immediate discontinuation of the chemotherapeutic agent apparently reversed the patient's symptoms and findings on MRI. The scant information available in the published literature regarding this phenomenon is reviewed with regard to 5‐fluorouracil.     

高免疫球蛋白E综合征：2例报道及文献回顾

高免疫球蛋白E综合征(H IES)是一种罕见的免疫缺陷性疾病,表现为血清IgE水平升高、皮肤湿疹、反复皮肤感染和特征性的肌肉骨骼表现。作者报道2例在本院就诊的患者并回顾当前文献。患者1是一18个月大的非裔美国男孩,伴有复发性葡萄球菌冷脓肿、肺炎和菌血症。该患者皮肤严重湿疹     

头皮原发性皮肤神经节细胞瘤

神经节细胞瘤是一种神经内分泌肿瘤，其发生与自主神经系统的交感或副交感神经节有关。罕见发生于膀胱、前列腺和子宫。本文作者报道1例发生于儿童头皮的原发性皮肤神经节细胞瘤。对此肿瘤进行了组织学、免疫组化和超微结构研究。该病例可能代表神经嵴细胞向鳃弓发育过程中的一种异常迁移。此外，研究结果还强调在胚胎发育过程中神经嵴和鳃弓／裂之间有复杂的相互作用。     

在非裔美国人中用1％吡美莫司软膏治疗伴色素减退的脂溢性皮炎的先导性试验

背景:非裔美国人发生脂溢性皮炎时可伴色素减退。治疗通常应用皮质激素和抗真菌药,然而长期使用皮质激素可导致皮肤萎缩,眼内压增高,或加重色素减退。吡美莫司已被成功用于治疗一些脂溢性皮炎患者。目的:此开放性预试验用于评估吡美莫司治疗非裔美国人中伴色素减退的脂溢性皮炎     

联用alefacept和依那西普治疗3例单用依那西普治疗无效的银屑病患者

本文报道联用alefacept和依那西普治疗3例单用依那西普疗效不佳的银屑病患者。完成12周alefacept治疗后，所有患者病情改善，且持续了至少8周。无副反应或感染发生，CD4＋T细胞计数高于正常值。     

Prevalence and impact of chronic childhood conditions in Auckland, New Zealand

Objective : To establish the prevalence of specific chronic conditions of childhood in the Auckland area and to quantify resource use by these children.
Methodology : Estimates were made from available registry data and published data sources of the population of children with selected chronic conditions resident in the Auckland Area Health Board area. Resource use data were extracted for admissions to Auckland public hospitals and from providers of community based technology services.
Results : The largest community prevalence groups are those with asthma, intellectual handicap, congenital heart disease and epilepsy. Children aged 0-14 with chronic conditions accounted for at least 14340 hospital days stay in Auckland in 1992 at an estimated minimum cost of $7.9 million. Over 200 children are dependent on technological aids at home.
Conclusions : There are sparse data on the numbers and needs of children with chronic conditions in the population. A non-categorical approach which crosses disease entities may be the best method of meeting common needs.     

The potential effect of the UK 1990 height centile charts on community growth surveillance

The UK 1990 height charts are derived from an up to date dataset and introduce a change in the centile lines, particularly the addition of the 0.4th centile. This study examined the likely impact of these changes. Height data from London school children (1990-1993) were examined using Tanner and Whitehouse (TW) and UK 1990 charts. Numbers of children with height below TW 3rd centile were compared with numbers below the UK 1990 3rd and 0.4th centiles. The TW charts identified only 1% of children below the TW 3rd centile, while the UK 1990 charts identified 3% below the 3rd and 0.4% below the 0.4th centiles. If the 3rd centile remains as the referral 'cut off' for short stature, the introduction of the UK 1990 charts would increase current workload two- to three-fold, while a change to the 0.4th centile would reduce it by 50%. A significant number of children with abnormalities may be excluded from further assessment as a result of this latter change. In this small scale community study it is not possible to assess the consequences of this change. The heights at diagnosis of children with growth hormone (GH) deficiency (peak GH < 20 mU/l during a standard provocation test) were therefore compared to the 0.4th centile (UK 1990 charts). Sixty eight children with heights < 2nd centile (UK 1990 charts) currently receiving GH replacement (17 female, 51 male, aged 9.7, SD 3.5, years) were assessed, and of these, 28 (41%) had heights at diagnosis between 0.4th and 2nd centile, with a mean height standard deviation score of -2.32 (SD 0.21). This suggests that if the 0.4th centile were to be used as the sole criterion for referral for slow growth, a significant proportion of children with abnormality would not be referred for further assessment. The UK 1990 2nd centile should replace the TW 3rd centile. Children below this should undergo an intermediary medical assessment to confirm height measurement, to exclude from referral children with mild familial short stature and to identify concerns regarding the child.