人参、白术有效组分群对慢性萎缩性胃炎大鼠口腔、肠道菌群的影响

目的研究人参、白术有效组分群对慢性萎缩性胃炎大鼠口腔、肠道菌群的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、给药(人参白术有效组分群)组,用主动免疫法复制慢性萎缩性胃炎模型。HE染色、扫描电子显微技术观察胃黏膜组织显微及超微结构,高通量测序技术检测肠道及口腔菌群,利用SPSS软件进行相关性分析。结果人参、白术有效组分群能改善慢性萎缩性胃炎大鼠胃组织病理形态(P<0.05);增加大鼠肠道、口腔菌群多样性及丰富度(P<0.05);减少肠道、口腔中致病菌群(普雷沃氏菌科_UCG-003、梭杆菌属)的数目(P<0.05)。其中,大鼠病理学评分与其口腔、肠道菌群的丰度、多样性以及门、属水平上的差异菌具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论人参、白术有效组分群对慢性萎缩性胃炎大鼠有良好的保护作用,缓解胃黏膜萎缩,其作用机制可能与改善肠道和口腔菌群有关。     

体外受精-胚胎移植患者卵巢颗粒细胞卵泡刺激素受体启动子突变与卵巢反应不良的关系

Objective To sequence follicle stimulating hormone receptro (FSHR) promoter of the ovarian granulocyte and initially research the molecular mechanism of the poor ovarian response. Methods To study the relationship between FSHR promoter mutation of ovarian granulocyte and ovarian respone. The 263 bp DNA fragments before FSHR 5'initiation site in 70 cases of patients with poor ovarian respone and 88 cases of patients with ovarian normal respone who were in the cycle of IVF-ET were sequenced, Results There were 63 cases which occurred 29th site G → A point mutation in 158 women and the mutation rate was 40. 0%. Mutation rate [ 60. 0% ( 42/70 ) ] of 29th site G → A in group of poor ovarian respone was significantly higher(χ2 = 21. 450,P < 0. 01 ) than normal response group [ 23.9% ( 21/88 ) ]. There was no obviously variability ( t = 0. 457, P 0. 05 ) of basic FSH values between two groups [ G/G group was (7.2 ± 2. 3) U/L, G/A & A/A group was (7. 1±2. 0) U/L];there was obviously variability (t = 35. 81 ,P < 0. 05 ) in the number of follicles sinus between two groups ( G/G group was 14. 2±1.3, G/A & A/A group was 4. 5±0. 8 ) ;there was obviously variability ( t = 40. 35, P < 0. 05 ) in the number of ovum pick-up between two groups ( G/G group was 14. 0±1.2, G/A & A/A group was 4. 5±1.1 ) ;there was obviously variability (t =25. 80,P <0.05) of FE2-peak value between two groups [G/G group was (2 865±557) pmol/L, G/A & A/A group was (880±211 ) pmol/L] ;there was obviously variability (t =40. 22 ,P <0. 05) in the number of mature eggs ( G/G group was 13.6±1.2, G/A&A/Agroupwas4.3±0. 9).Conclusion The 29th site of FSHR promoter significantly affect the activity of FSHR promoter. Mutation of G→A can weaken promoter activity, so that ovarian granulocyte poor respone to FSH.     

NF-κB的活性和iNOS基因表达在低氧性肺动脉高压中的变化

目的：探讨NF-κB的活性及iNOS基因表达在低氧性肺动脉高压（HPH）发病过程中的变化。方法：复制低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠模型，用免疫组化、原位杂交、半定量逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）和Western blot等方法进行检测。结果：iNOS mRNA在腺泡内肺动脉（IAPA）的表达，低氧28 d（H28d）组染色强于正常（N）组、低氧5 d（H5d）组和低氧14 d（H14d）组。半定量RT-PCR证实低氧肺组织iNOS mRNA含量在H28d组分别是N组、H5d组和H14d组的2.1倍、1.9倍和1.8倍。H28d组肺组织NF-κB的核染色增多，I-κBα的含量在N组、H5d组和H14d组分别是H28d组的2.7倍、2.8倍和2.5倍。结论：在HPH中NF-κB的激活可能与低氧肺血管构建及iNOS mRNA的表达有关。     

基于琼脂糖/壳聚糖共混凝胶模型的壳聚糖生物相容性的机理研究

目的 以琼脂糖/壳聚糖共混凝胶为模型,研究壳聚糖材料生物相容性的可能机理.方法 通过共混法,制备出一系列不同壳聚糖含量的琼脂糖/壳聚糖共混凝胶.利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析共混凝胶的化学基团,利用荧光素-4-异硫氰酸酯(FITC)标记法观察琼脂糖和壳聚糖之间的可共混性.通过Zeta电势测量共混凝胶的电荷,利用二喹啉甲酸(BCA)法分别测定胎牛血清(FBS)总蛋白和牛血清白蛋白(RSA)在共混凝胶上的吸附,利用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测定纤黏连蛋白(FN)在共混凝胶上的吸附.细胞实验以人微血管内皮细胞系(HMEC-1)为模型,通过观测细胞的黏附、增殖和形态来评价共混凝胶的细胞相容性.结果 琼脂糖/壳聚糖共混凝胶含有壳聚糖特征性的化学基团.琼脂糖和壳聚糖之间存在着良好的可共混性,壳聚糖的氨基基团在共混凝胶中呈均匀分布.在pH酸性条件下(pH 3.0)共混凝胶带有较强的正电荷,然而在pH中性条件下(pH 7.4)所有共混凝胶的Zeta电势均降低至0 mV附近.各组共混凝胶之间对FBS总蛋白以及BSA的吸附差异无统计学意义,但是共混凝胶对FN的吸附却随着壳聚糖含量的升高而显著升高.细胞实验结果显示:随着壳聚糖含量的提高,共混凝胶的细胞相容性有明显改善,HMECs在壳聚糖含量较高的凝胶上表现出良好的黏附、铺展和增殖.结论 相对于血清中的其他蛋白,壳聚糖组分对FN存在优先吸附,从而能够促进细胞在共混凝胶表面的黏附铺展.与传统观点不同,本研究发现壳聚糖的生物相容性与其所携带的正电荷无关.     

Hydrocelectomy under local anaesthesia in a Nigerian adult population

Background

Hydrocele is abnormal collection of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis or a patent processus vaginalis. It is commonly encountered in our practice and often requires surgical treatment. However in our setting and in many underdeveloped countries, availability of general anaesthetic service is poor due to lack of trained personnel and equipment.

Objectives

To ascertain the practicability and acceptability of hydrocelectomy under sedation and local anaesthesia in Nigerian adults with hydrocele

Patients and Methods

A prospective study was carried out over a two year period on patients that had hydrocelectomy at the surgery unit of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa. Consecutive patients with diagnosis of hydrocele who consented had hydrocelectomy using intramuscular diazepam sedation and spermatic-cord block with 0.5% plane xylocaine and the scrotum infiltrated with same along the line of incision.

Results

Fifty adult patients were studied: age range 15–94 years. Eighty percent of the patients had unilateral hydrocele and the commonest type was vaginal hydrocele (94%). All patients had hydrocelectomy, 96% were under local anaesthesia while 4% were converted to general anaesthesia. All patients except one prefer to have future surgery under such local anaesthesia and sedation.

Conclusion

Hydrocelectomy under local anaesthesia and sedation is practicable and was tolerated and accepted by the adults patients studied.     

Dll4-Notch信号传递途径在血管发生中的作用

血管发生(angiogenesis)依赖多种促进血管发生因子和抑制血管发生因子之综合的交互作用所调控。血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和Notch信号传递途径(Notch signaling pathway)参与此过程。之前研究已证明Notch信号传递途径在胚胎发育和肿瘤血管发生(tumour angiogenesis)中扮演重要的角色,而最近研究则发现在血管发育过程中Dll4-Notch信号传递途径扮演着前所未知的新角色,并阐明因Notch信号传递减少而引起血管缺陷之机制,从而揭示破坏肿瘤血管发生的新药物靶点。本文着重于介绍Notch信号传递途径的组成;Dll4-Notch在血管发生中的作用;以及Dll4-Notch对肿瘤治疗的意义。     

RP-HPLC法测定复肝口服液中大黄素的含量

目的:建立以反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法测定复肝口服液中大黄素含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Zorbax SB-C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸(85∶15),检测波长为430nm,柱温为30℃,流速为1.0mL·min-1。结果:大黄素进样量在0.075 2～0.376 0mg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 96);平均回收率为99.77%,RSD=1.03%(n=6)。结论:本方法简便、快速、重现性好,可用于复肝口服液的质量控制。     

樟芝菌粉三萜类化合物含量的测定

目的:测定樟芝发酵菌粉三萜类化合物含量.方法:以齐墩果酸为对照品,以5%香草醛-冰醋酸和高氯酸为显色剂,采用分光光度法在550 nm测定样品的吸光度.结果:总三萜在20～140 μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,其回归方程为:Y=0.004 9X-0.018 4,R2=0.997 8.樟芝菌粉三萜类化合物含量为1.73%.结论:该方法操作简单,灵敏度高且比较准确.     

肿瘤多药耐药和大分子载体抗癌药的提高渗透及潴留效应*

肿瘤多药耐药是导致肿瘤化疗失败的最主要原因,现以大分子载体抗癌药聚N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺-多柔比星(PK1)为例,说明大分子载体抗癌药的提高渗透及潴留(EPR)效应可特异性地克服肿瘤细胞的多药耐药.介绍了PK1的药动学、Ⅰ期临床研究概况及同类型药物净司他丁(zinostatin,Smancs(R))和培门冬酶(pegaspargase,Oncaspar(R))的研究概况,为新型抗肿瘤药物研发提供-个新方向.     

TLC-UV法测定祖师麻熏洗液中祖师麻甲素的含量

目的:建立以TLC-UV法测定祖师麻熏洗液中祖师麻甲素含量的方法。方法:采用硅胶G薄层板,以甲苯-甲酸乙脂-甲酸(5∶4∶1)为展开剂,氨气显色定位分离,用95%乙醇-0.1mol·L-1盐酸(10∶1)洗脱,测定波长为328nm。结果:祖师麻甲素在1.04~5.20mg·mL-1浓度范围内与吸收度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999);加样回收率为98.89%,RSD=0.84%。结论:本方法简便、快速、重现性好,可用于祖师麻熏洗液的质量控制。