腓肠肌肌皮瓣治疗胫骨外露6例

0　引言　小腿严重的开放性骨折往往发生软组织缺损 ,骨折端内固定外露情况 . 1999年以来我们采用腓肠肌内侧头肌皮瓣覆盖外露骨折端及创面 6例取得满意效果 .1　对象和方法1.1　对象　本组 6例均为男性 ,年龄 2 1～ 43(平均 31)岁 ;其中左小腿开放骨折 4例 ,右小腿开放骨折 2例 ;均为车祸所致挤压伤 ,碾挫伤 ,皮肤缺损骨感染外露时间 2～ 9mo,外露面积 6 cm× 10 cm～ 3.5 cm× 2 cm .1.2　方法　首先对创面进行彻底清创 ,切除周缘不稳定瘢痕及内芽组织 ,对骨感染的病例 ,需切除所有死骨 ,刮凿骨面至出血为至 .以抗生素溶液冲洗创面和骨面 …     

成体胰腺干细胞基础研究进展

胰岛移植是彻底治疗糖尿病最有希望的方法．然而,供体的来源不足以及β细胞自身免疫的存在极大的限制了这种方法的使用．体外增殖与分化有功能内分泌细胞治疗糖尿病成为糖尿病研究的主要焦点．胰腺干细胞研究的进展为细胞治疗提供了一个美好前景．由于对胰腺干细胞的分子标志认识有限,所以对其鉴定仍有很大的阻力．虽然以现有能力在一定条件下能获得一些胰腺干细胞转化的新生的胰岛,而胰腺干细胞确切定位于何处、增殖与分化调控机制如何、胰腺含有的干细胞数量等问题都需要进一步得到研究解决．我们主要回顾近期在胰腺干细胞基础研究方面的进展．     

BCL2 translocations in leukemias of mature B cells

Although translocations of the BCL2 gene are frequent in B-cell non- Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL) the incidence, nature, and prognostic significance of similar translocations in the phenotypically related chronic leukemias of mature B cells are unknown. Therefore, we examined 170 cases of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), 7 cases of B- cell prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL), 25 cases of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and 22 cases of splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) with defined cytogenetic abnormalities by DNA blot using both 5' and 3' BCL2 probes to search for rearrangement of the BCL2 locus. Translocation t(14;18) (q32.3;q21.3) was detected cytogenetically in 3 cases of B-CLL. All had breakpoints in the 3' region of BCL2, mapping between the major breakpoint region (MBR) and the minor cluster region (mcr), the breakpoint clusters commonly detected in B-NHL. In 2 of the 3 cases, the breakpoint within BCL2 was mapped to a 1.0-kb EcoRI- HindIII fragment indicating a clustering of breakpoints. Two cases of B- CLL had cytogenetically detectable t(2;18)(p11;q21.3) or t(18;22)(q21.3;q11). Both had rearranged the 5' region of the BCL2 gene to the corresponding lg light-chain gene. Molecular cloning of the t(18;22)(q21.3;q11) showed that the translocation disrupted the BCL2 promoter region and the first untranslated BCL2 exon. Nevertheless, high levels of BCL2 protein were seen in this case. Only 2 other cases in whom cytogenetic analysis was not successful showed rearrangement of the 5' region of BCL2, an overall incidence of 2.3%. No cases of B-PLL, HCL, or SLVL showed either 5' or 3' BCL2 rearrangement. These data confirm the cytogenetic observations that translocations involving the BCL2 locus in all forms of leukemia of mature B cells are rare, and limited to a minor subset of B-CLL. BCL2 translocations in B-CLL involve hot spots of recombination of both the 5' and 3' regions of the BCL2 gene, which are distinct from those commonly seen in B-NHL, suggesting distinct pathogenic mechanisms.     

丹参中水溶性酚酸类成分的薄层扫描测定法

应用高效薄层扫描法对丹参根中的原儿茶醛、咖啡酸、迷迭香酸及其甲酯、丹酚酸A,B和C7种有效成分进行了含量测定。选择了最佳提取分离方法,即生药用热水提取并酸化后用乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取液浓缩后进行薄层色谱分离。展开剂A:氯仿乙酸乙酯——苯—甲酸(2.4:2:1:0.6)分离原儿茶醛,展开剂B:氯仿-乙酸乙酯-苯-甲酸甲醇(1.5:2:1;1:0.1)分离其余6种成分。并用所建立的分析方法分析比较了4种丹参根中7种有效成分的含量。     

新抗生素波拉霉素 A 和 B 的结构测定

从一株吸水链霉菌（streptomyces hygroscopicus ）LP-93 的培养物中分离到新抗真菌抗生素—波拉霉素Ａ和Ｂ。它们属于多羟基大环内酯抗生素。基于光谱数据（ＵＶ，ＩＲ，¹HNMR，¹³ＣＮＭＲ，ＤＥＰＴ，¹H ¹ＨＣＯＳＹ，ＨＥＴＣＯＲ，ＨＭＢＣ）波拉霉素Ａ和Ｂ的结构阐明如图１，其中波拉霉素Ａ，Ｒ＝Ｈ；波拉霉素Ｂ，Ｒ＝ＣＨ₃。     

A National Study of Nutrition and Nutritional Status of the Adult Polish Population in the Years 2017–2020 before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Design and Methods

The paper presents the designs and methods of a cross-sectional study of two groups of randomly selected Polish inhabitants aged 19–64, and 65 and over, carried out as part of the National Health Program. The aim of the study was to illustrate the current health situation of the respondents in terms of nutrition and physical activity level. The quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The Computer Assisted Personal Interview technique was used. The dietary research was carried out through repeated interviews about the frequency of food consumption, and about what food had been consumed in the previous 24 h. In addition to the questionnaire studies, anthropometric data, blood pressure and the level of physical activity were measured. During the COVID-19 pandemic, some methods were modified according to hygiene rules. The Computer Assisted Telephone Interview technique was used to collect the data, and the anthropometric data were obtained via measurements made by the respondents themselves based on detailed instructions. The results will be used to present representative data for the Polish population, describing a wide range of eating behaviours and other lifestyle elements, food and nutrition knowledge, dietary supplement use, the occurrence of diet-related diseases, nutritional status and, in the seniors group, the risk of sarcopenia.     

A case of eosinophilic leukemia]

The clinical course and diagnostic difficulties in a case of eosinophilic leukaemia are described. For a long time period the case showed clinical manifestations of a hypereosinophilia syndrome. Shortly before death clinical signs of leukaemia developed, and the diagnosis was confirmed on autopsy.